Wannan shi ne na farko da tauraron dan adam zuwa cikin kewayewa Duniya

Farkon kaka safe a 1957, da kuma mafi daidai a kan Oktoba 3, a cikin Baikonur Cosmodrome jefa abin hawa duniya na farko wucin gadi Duniya da tauraron dan adam a hankali sanya shi a cikin wani a tsaye matsayi. Tsarin kula da ta ma'ana sakamako na mai yawa aiki da yawa kungiyoyin cikin tarayyar Soviet. Har yanzu yana da arba'in hours of cak, fixings da kuma tashin hankali, amma da bayyanar da wani sararin An riga an shuka wasu amincewa a nasarar da irin wannan da wuya hali. Yana da kyau. A yanayin da aka m, da kuma dukan roka, fueling na da dogo mota, yana tsaye kusa da nan, an rufe shi da sanyi, glittering kamar lu'u-lu'u ƙura.

PS-1 farko Soviet da tauraron dan adam, da kuma shi ya riga a cikin baka na jirgin ya kananan (yin la'akari kasa da 84 kg), ball-dimbin yawa, da diamita ya 580 mm. Ciki da shi, a bushe nitrogen yanayi, shi ne wani lantarki naúrar, wanda da bukatunsu na yau nasarori iya ze ma sauki. Amma ba tsalle zuwa karshe - a tube kashi tushe da kuma wani fairly hadaddun algorithm aka aiwatar amfani da wani inji atomatik na'urorin. Lokacin na farko da tauraron dan adam da aka rabu da ta m, shi ya fito da hudu fil antennas samar da wani barga kwarara daga rediyo sigina a duk inda. Orient da matsayi na na'ura a sarari, to, shi ya da wani ma'auni na wanda bai kai ba, kuma directionless emitters warware matsalar na gargadi na ƙasa da sabis da tsarin da wuri a cikin falaki.

Watsa labarai sun alternately biyu-Watt watsawa, bayan demodulation shi ne mai sauti alama a cikin wani nau'i na "dash", kuma a cikin akwati idan aikin na wasu daga cikin nodes ya zama mahaukaci, "Ihu" sau da yawa ƙaho. Soma da rediyo yan koyo kira da su shaida cewa da farko da tauraron dan adam da gaske revolves a falaki.

A kayan aiki da ake bukata a cika tare da m wadanda mperaturnogo yanayin, kuma Yana goyon bayan saka fan heaters.

A farko da tauraron dan adam orbited abin hawa R-7, a lokacin da latest, wanda ya asiri code "ƙi 8K71PS". Shi ne kawai na biyar makami mai linzami jefa, halitta a KB, jagorancin SP Korolev. Babban da kuma asali ta dalilin - bayarwa na makaman nukiliya, da burin - Amirka nahiyar. Amma wannan karaya dabara da kuma samu cikin lumana amfani - kawo farko da tauraron dan adam a kusa-Duniya sarari.

Janar Designer ya ba da sauki shawo management na bukatar sarari jirgin, kuma a lõkacin da cewa kasa, kafa sosai m deadlines. The aiki na daban-daban ma'aikatu da aka za'ayi a lokaci guda, da yawa ya ba a sani ba, kuma da fasahar ci gaba kamar yadda suka bayyana da kuma kalubale. A farko da tauraron dan adam ya iya kafa jadawalin.

A 10:28 pm Moscow lokaci a kan Oktoba 4, da roka tashi zuwa sararin sama, da kuma nan da nan TASS sanar da aiwatar da wani dogon-tsaye mafarki dukkan 'yan Adam - tafiya zuwa m taurari zama real yiwuwar, tabbatar a yi.

High a kan shugabannin mazauna na duniya ya tashi kadan star, na farko da tauraron dan adam. Tarayyar Soviet ya zama mahaifarsa, masana kimiyya, da injiniyoyi, da ma'aikata - by ta halittawa, kuma babu iyaka elation dukan mutane, jin da hannu a cikin nasara.