Ta yaya zuciyar mutum, abin da suke ta ayyuka?

The zuciya a cikin jikin mutum - mai muhimmanci zuciya da sauransu. Aikinsa za a iya kwatanta da famfo. Godiya ga zuciya pumped jini a cikin jijiyoyi da kuma ci gaba da motsa ta hanyar tasoshin. Ayyuka kira a cikin jiki cikin rayuwa. Domin shekaru 70, ya yi aikin kamar 2-3 biliyan a cuts kuma farashinsa fiye da miliyan 170 lita na jini. Saboda haka tsarin da zuciya? Mene ne ta ayyuka?

A wuri da kuma girman da zuciya

Babban sashen jikin mutum da aka located a cikin tsakiyar daga cikin kirji. Mafi yawa daga cikin zuciya ne located a gefen hagu na jiki, da kuma wani karami - a dama. Kwance jiki pericardium. Haka kuma an kira da pericardium. Wannan m jakar, masu garu kashe daga cikin zuciya da kuma sauran kayan ciki ba kyale shi ya motsa da pererastyagivatsya a lokacin motsa jiki.

Girman na zuciya ne quite kananan. Kowane mutum ne game da wani dunkulallen hannu. Duk da haka, da size da jiki nauyi za a iya canja. Sigogi ya karu a karkashin wasu ailments. Girma da kuma nauyi na zuciya da aka ma ya karu a cikin wa] annan mutanen na dogon lokaci da hannu a wasanni ko m jiki aiki.

A tsarin da jiki

Bari mu ga tsarin da zuciya. A ganuwar da wannan jiki kunshi uku yadudduka:

1. Epicardium. Wannan bakin ciki membrane m Layer na zuciya bango.
2. Myocardium. Wannan lokaci masana fahimta tsakiyar Layer ne ke da alhakin tsoka ƙanƙancewa na zuciya.
3. Endocardium. Wannan membrane, wanda ya kira wani na ciki tsarin na zuciya.

Hada da wannan m sashin jiki sassa biyu, rabu da wani bangare - wani lokacin farin ciki murdede bango. Kowane rabin hada biyu da bẽnãye. A babba sassan (dama da hagu) an kira atria da kuma ƙananan - da ventricles. Kowane kamara yana da wani musamman rawa a cikin tsari na wurare dabam dabam.

atria

Ganin cewa tsarin da zuciya, shi ne don magana game da atria - bakin ciki-walled ɗakunan ajiya na zuciya. Suna located sama da ventricles kuma rabu da su atrioventricular bawuloli. Ware dama da hagu atria. Dama babba jiki na kyamara - wani wuri na mahaɗar tsakãninsu da vena cava da jijiyoyinmu daga cikin zuciya. Bisa ga wannan bayani, za mu iya cewa wannan atrium na'am da venous jini bã tãre da oxygen.

Hagu babba jiki na kamara shi ne ko da karami fiye da dama. A ta bude hudu ramukan da na huhu jijiyoyinmu. Daga cikin wadannan, da bar atrium na'am da sabo jini, oxygen-arziki da kuma shirya domin kara rarraba a ko'ina cikin jikin mutum.

ventricles

A cikin hoton, wanda ya nuna tsarin da zuciyar mutum (hoton da ke ƙasa), za ka iya ganin dama da hagu ventricles. Su dokoki ne a Babban jiki tsoka taro. Ya kamata a lura da cewa bar jam'iyya idan aka kwatanta da dama ne mafi m da kuma iko. The dama ventricle sami deoxygenated jini daga dama atrium. Lokacin da zuciya kwangilar shi ke da huhu ta hanyar da na huhu bawul. Backflow na jini a cikin benen ya hana a tricuspid bawul, wanda kuma ake kira da tricuspid.

A hagu ventricle daga bar atrium na'am da jini, oxygenated. Yana gudana ta hanyar da mitral (bicuspid) bawul. Lokacin da tsoka contractions kasa hagu jini jam'iyya ne tura a cikin lakã ta cikin aortic bawul. Ta sa'an nan shimfidawa cikin jikin mutum.

zuciya aiki

A la'akari da tsarin da zuciya, kana bukatar ka yi nazarin aikin na jiki. A ventricles da atria iya zama a cikin ko dai da annashuwa (diastolic) ko takaice (systolic) jiha. Shakatawa da kuma ƙanƙancewa na zuciya faruwa a jerin:

1. Atrial systole. Akan rage babba jiki na kyamara - farkon cardiac sake zagayowar. Wannan lokaci yana 0.1 na biyu. A lokacin systole reshe bawuloli aka buɗe. Duk da jini daga atria ga ventricles aka aiko. Bayan rage bẽnãye auku shakatawa lokaci.
2. Na ramin zuciya systole. A rage daga cikin ƙananan sassa na zuciya yana 0.3 seconds. Semilunar (aortic da pulmonic) da kuma reshe bude yatsun da aka rufe a farkon lokaci. Na ramin zuciya tsokoki rage-rage. Saboda wannan, da matsa lamba a cikin kogo ƙaruwa. A sakamakon haka, jini aka aiko zuwa ga atria. Akwai, da matsa lamba ne m. Duk da haka, da jini ya kwarara a cikin wannan yanki hana reshe bude yatsun. Da ganye ba za a iya juya daga cikin atria. A wannan lokaci, ta bayyana semilunar bawuloli. Jini ya fara matsawa a cikin huhu jijiya da kuma lakã.
3. Diastole. Ventricles shakata bayan ƙanƙancewa. Wannan lokaci yana for 0.4 seconds. A lokacin da sauran lokaci, jiki ya shiga cikin jini daga jijiyoyinmu cikin atrium da kuma ratsa partially cikin ventricles. Lokacin da wani sabon sake zagayowar fara, saura jini daga babba jiki na kyamara tura a cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyin ba.

Ganin cewa tsarin da zuciya da kuma yadda yake aiki, shi ne don magana game da wurare dabam dabam da'ira - babban da kuma kananan. A farko daya fara lakã. Ya zo daga hagu ventricle oxygenated jini. Daga cikin mafi girma jini jirgin ruwa yana tafiya ta cikin jijiyoyi, arterioles, capillaries, haihuwa oxygen zuwa duk Kwayoyin da yantar da su daga tara carbon dioxide. A sakamakon da capillary cibiyar sadarwa fita daga venous jini. Na farko, shi motsa a kan venules, sa'an nan - ta cikin jijiyoyinmu kuma m jijiyoyinmu. A sakamakon haka, shi ya faxa cikin dama atrium, kuma daga can ne ya aiko da dama ventricle.

Na huhu wurare dabam dabam fara huhu jijiya fitowa daga dama ƙananan ɗakunan ajiya na zuciya. Venous jini shiga huhu, motsa ta hanyar jijiyoyi, arterioles da capillaries daga cikin mafi kyau located a cikin wadannan gabobi. A sakamakon haka, shi da dama zuwa Alveoli - kankanin kumfa cewa suna cike da iska. Jini garwaya da oxygen, tsarkake daga carbon dioxide da kuma shiga cikin jijiya. Wadannan jini ne zuwa hagu atrium. Jininsa da aka tura cikin hagu ventricle. Sa'an nan kuma duk an maimaita sake. Jini ya fara matsawa a babban da'irar jini wurare dabam dabam.

Gabar aiki

Bayan duba tsarin da zuciya, za ka iya kiran ta ayyuka. Daya daga cikinsu - cikin tanki. M sashin jiki na jikin mutum a lokacin shakatawa na zuciya tsoka ne a kogo domin jari na gaba rabo daga jini gudãna daga atrium cikin jini. Na biyu aiki na zuciya - allura. An saki a cikin jini a kananan da manyan da'ira jini wurare dabam dabam yayin da rage ventricles.

Ta yaya mutum zuciya, kowa da kowa ya kamata su sani ba. All kana bukatar ka yi bayani game da abin da ke a cikin jikinsa, wanda tafiyar matakai faru a shi. Daga cikin aikin da zuciya dogara da jihar kiwon lafiya da kuma lafiyar dan adam. Ta hanyar aiki na sashin jiki da jini shimfidawa ta hanyar jiki, samar da dukkan gabobin da kyallen takarda tare da oxygen, ilimin aiki abubuwa, makamashi, da kuma daukan su zuwa carbon dioxide da sharar gida kayayyakin.