A tarihin na zargin gymnastics. athleticism

Gymnastics - motsa jiki tsarin cewa ya ɓullo a zamanin tsohuwar Girka kafin mu zamanin. Akwai iri biyu daga asalin kalmar. A farko - "College", wanda fassara a matsayin "kocin" ko "koyawa". Na biyu: "gimnos" - "tsirara" saboda motsa jiki Helenawa yi ba tare da tufafi.

Duk da yake cikin darussan hada da soja bada, janar na cin gaba, hawan doki, al'ada dancing, yin iyo. Yana kuma hada da waɗanda cewa ya faru a gasar Olympics: a guje, suna fada, yana tsalle, dunkulallen hannu yaki, amai, hawa a karusai.

A tarihin na zargin gymnastics

Fall na Roman Empire da gudummawar da ci gaban scholasticism, obscurantism, asceticism, sa'ilin gymnastics (kazalika da sauran nasarori na zamanin d art da al'adun) an manta. A XIV-XV ƙarni. kafa humanism. Jama'a tunani da aka nufin kare martaba da kuma 'yancin dukkan-zagaye ci gaban mutuntakarsa, da kuma kulawa ta musamman da aka biya don ta jiki kiwon lafiya. Kawai sai so da mutane suka sāke zuwa tsohon al'ada, kuma sannu a hankali ya fara gabatar a cikin tsarin ilimi da kuma ya jiki gefen - gymnastics.

Muhimmanci wuri a cikin ci gaban da ta kimiyya aikin da ayyukan marubuta, masana Falsafa, likitoci. Alal misali, aikin na Italian likita Jerome Merkurialisa "A ma'adanin na gymnastics", da litattafan da marubuci Fransua Rable, aiki na Pestalozzi (Swiss malami), Jean-Jacques Rousseau (French malama kuma Falsafa).

A cikin XVIII - farkon XIX karni. Jamus ta bayyana a gare philanthropists waɗanda suka yi halitta makarantu da wani girmamawa kan jiki horo - gymnastics. A darussan da aka tsara Fit na G. da I. kuru zaa, Mutsu. Suna kuma koyar.

Jamus ɗan motsa jiki FL Jan ci gaba da "Tour" tsarin. Waɗannan sun haɗa da darussan kan kwance mashaya, zobba, a kwance mashaya, a layi daya sanduna, doki. Kamar wancan ƙare da tsohon tarihin da fitowan na gymnastics. Photo na daya daga cikin wakilan na zamani wasanni sanya a kasa.

Gymnastics kamar yadda wani wasa

A 1817, dalibai F. Amorosa da aka gudanar tseren kafin jama'a a Paris. A 1859,} o} arin a rayar da gasar wasannin Olympic da aka dauka. Haka abin ya fara da tarihin na zargin gymnastics kamar yadda wani wasa.

Ko da almajiran Jan F. kuma M. Miroslav Tyrš aka auna karfi, gasa a bada. Amma gane gymnastics wasanni kawai a 1896, lokacin da aka hada a gasar Olympics shirin. Dalili na farko gasa sun vault, wadancan a kan kayan aiki. A 1932 aka kara zuwa da Gudu tseren, harbe sa, hawa a kan wata igiya.

A tarihin na zargin gymnastics ce na dogon lokaci a cikin gasar wasannin Olympics ya samu halartar maza, kuma kawai tun 1928 - mata. A farko - a cikin tawagar gasar, da kuma ƙarshe a Kadaitaccen.

Ta yaya kasa da kasa Tarayya

A 1881, da Turai Association aka kafa. Yana da aka hada da Belgium, Faransa, Netherlands. Yana ya kumbura hanzari, da kuma a 1897 aka sake tsarafa cikin International Gymnastics Federation (fig). Don kwanan shi ya hada da 122 ƙasashe. Ta, bi da bi, shi ne memba na Janar Association of International Sports Hukumar da kuma gane da IOC (International kwamitin wasannin Olympics). A tsarin kunshi da Attinu zartarwa da kuma fasaha kwamitoci a gymnastics, aerobics, wasan akrobat hukumar, Jump. Su mambobi ana zabe kowane shekaru hudu.

wayewar

A farko World Championships a gymnastics fara gudanar da wani a 1903. 'Yan wasan gasar a cikin kungiyar, saboda haka a cikin mutum gasar. Sai 1996, mahalarta yi darussan kamar m da kuma bazuwar. Sa'an nan kuma, shirin kawai bar karshe.

Gymnastics, tarihi da kuma ci gaban da ke nisa da baya a tsufa, a cikin zamani duniya da aka farfado a Turai. Gasar Turai da aka gudanar tsakanin maza a shekarar 1955 da kuma mata - a shekara ta 1957 ya buga fitar da mutum gasar. Tun shekarar 1994 - da kuma ko da tawagar.

A Luxembourg, da Congress aka tattara a shekarar 1982, wanda ya yanke shawarar kafa wata kungiyar tarayyar Turai na Gymnastics. Ya aka tsunduma a ci gaba, da inganta yaduwa na gymnastics a Turai. Kamar yadda tarihi na zargin gymnastics, wannan m, m wasanni da aka gabatar ba kawai ga wasannin Olympics, Turai da kuma gasar duniya, amma kuma a kasa da kasa gasa, nahiyar gasa.

jiki-gini

Motsa jiki da kaya masu nauyi (nauyi, dumbbells, barbells) - wannan kira gymnastics, tarihin abin da ya faru na wanda zai fara a cikin IV karni BC. e. Manufar - gabatarwa kiwon lafiya, tsoka ci gaba.

Domin shiga a cikin gasa a zamanin tsohuwar Girka, 'yan wasa da aka yarda ya dauke nauyi kaya. musamman darussan da gymnastic abubuwa da aka ɓullo da. Farko, da suka abunda aka kwaikwaya aiwatar da aiki, yaki. A tsawon lokaci, da wasanni ya zama bayyanuwar al'adu. A XIX-XX ƙarni. samar da yawa amfanin motsa jiki description domin ci gaba da tsoka kungiyoyin da kaya masu nauyi. Akwai sha'awa a cikin murdede, karfi mutane. Da aka gudanar na farko gasar tsakanin weightlifters, 'yan kokawa.

Athleticism a Rasha

A tarihin na zargin gymnastics da aka nasaba, da sunan likita V. M. Kraevskogo. A 1885 ya shirya wani da'irar mai son guje guje. Shekara goma sha biyu daga baya, a St. Petersburg bude na farko al'umma. Amma bayan 1917 athleticism fades cikin bango. Samun saurin bunkasuwar sauran ikon wasanni.

A hanya na ci gaba mai kira gymnastics a Rasha ya wuya. Domin akida dalilai bodybuilding dauke cutarwa zama, amma a shekarar 1987, weightlifter Yu. P. Vlasov sanya All-Union Tarayya na athleticism.