6-tsara jirgin saman soja. Fighter jet: hotuna da kuma bayani dalla-dalla

Air Force - daya daga cikin mafi girma iyalan Rasha, sojoji. The fasaha magabaci daga cikin jirgin sama - mafi muhimmanci rarrabẽwa na fama iyawa daga cikin Air Force. Kuma haka sojojin sun ci gaba duniya iko - Rasha, Amurka, China - nema a wannan batun ya zama mataki daya kafin sauran na duniya. Kuma saboda haka kada ku nẽmi kawai hannu da dakarunta sovremennymii samfurori kayan aiki, amma kuma tafiyar da ci-gaba gaba. Ciki har da jirgin sama.

Wane ne a cikin ƙirjinka daga dama duniya injiniya ofisoshin kafa 6 tsara jirgin saman soja. Farms "junior" Ranks riga ake kerarre kuma tashi. Sun fito da Russia da kuma {asar Amirka, da kuma, a cewar wasu rahotanni, da Sin. Kuma saboda key factor na gasa na kasa sojojin na Air Force zai zama kammala na mayakan na sama. Lokacin da ya sa ran bayyanar wadannan inji?

Sharudda ga 6 ƙarnõni

A gaskiya, a kan tushen da abin da sharudda, wani sabon jirgin saman soja da za a iya dangana ga 6 tsara jirgin sama? Daga cikin babban, cewa suna kira masana - m jirgin. Wannan ne, inji ba zai sarrafa mutane da kwamfuta - ta atomatik, ko da m hulda da mutane. Duk da haka, akwai masana a cikin filin na jirgin sama, wanda ya ce da cewa tsara jirgin saman soja 6 za a iya piloted. Yana yiwuwa, masana sun yarda cewa da sabuwar aji na mota zai zama samuwa a biyu fasahar implementations a lokaci guda.

Akwai version cewa shi ne mafi kusanta zuwa American aviators unmanned ra'ayi da kuma Rasha, bi da bi, shi ne daya da jirgin sama zai iya sarrafawa da mutum. Designers daga Amurka, kamar yadda muka gani a cikin yawan kafofin da aka lasafta, game da shi ba mayakan wani mai wuce yarda high jure obalodi, tun da robot za su iya tsayayya da su ba tare da wani matsaloli. Russia, bi da bi, ayan yi imani da cewa babu kwamfuta ba zai iya aiki da na'ura a mutum matakin. Duk da haka, a cikin wani yanayi na jirgin sama daga Rasha da kuma da yawa magoya bayan da unmanned Concepts. Duk da haka, kamar yadda muka gani da wasu masana, a wannan ɓangare na Rasha injiniyoyi ne da ɗan baya zuwa Yammacin takwarorinsu. A tabbatarwa da wannan ne m gwaje-gwaje na latest model na unmanned motocin halitta a cikin Rasha Federation. Kuma saboda 6-tsara jirgin saman soja Rasha, masana sun ce, tare da wasu na iya haifar da kan manufar, wanda zai gudanar da mutane ta hanyar jirgin sama.

Daga cikin sauran muhimmanci sharudda alamar inji kamar yadda masana kira wani matsanancin low profile. A halin yanzu matakin na fasahar "stealth" jirgin sama na samar da kariya a kan iska tsaro tsarin ne ba 100%. Haka kuma, idan muka dauki mafi zamani iska tsaro makami mai linzami tsarin, kamar, misali, da Rasha, S-400, da "stealth" a halin yanzu matakan - wuya wata matsala a gare su. Duk da haka, 6-tsara jirgin saman soja ana sa ran masana, za su iya barin daga aiki, har ma ya fi technologically m iska tsaro tsarin a kudi na stealth. Ba zato ba tsammani, da sama sharudda iya gaba da zanga-iska defenses (anti-makamai masu linzami, decoys, da dai sauransu).

A gaba rarrabẽwa - a disproportionately mafi girma kudi na jirgin saman soja idan aka kwatanta da baya ƙarni na inji. Idan yanzu ya fi sauri soja jirgin sama tashi da index game 3 Mach, da 6-tsara cigaban ana sa ran a iya shawo kan dokin 5. cruising gudun (ba tare da juya a kan afterburner dirka) daga cikin sabuwar mayakan, masana sun ce, da shi zai shakka a supersonic. Har ila yau, za a iya samun yawa sauri. Quite yiwu, da cruising gudun nan gaba jirgin saman soja zai zama m yau afterburning gudun - Mach 1.5-2. Daya daga cikin m yi injuna da aka shigar a kan ultrafast mayakan - sosai high dace. Godiya mata, da jirgin sama zai iya tashi ba tare da MOTA KE SHAN MAI na dogon lokaci, sabili da haka wani sashe a kan patrolling manyan zumunta nisa na da kwasfansu guda.

Daga wani tsarin ra'ayi 6 tsara na'ura, kamar yadda masana suka yi ĩmãni, zai zama sosai ergonomic. Yana yiwuwa a reshe, misali, shi ne domin mafi yawan bangare ne encased a fuselage. Akwai wata dama, masana sun ce mayakan na zuwa 6 ƙarni na duniya ba za a sanye take da wani a tsaye wutsiya saman. Zai yiwu a zuciya na jirgin sama zane ne da manufar "tashi reshe" (kamar futuristic-neman B-2, wanda tsaye a kan Amurka Air Force).

Ta yaya za yi kama da sabuwar jirgin saman soja? Photography, wanda shi ne m, zai iya ba mu m fuskantarwa.

yiwuwa 6 tsara inji zai maneuverability (ciki har da a jirgin yanayin at gagarumin gudu). Don yin wannan, duk model suna sanye take da injuna da dirka vectoring. A jirgin sama dole ne sauki rawar daji a cikin sasanninta game da 60 digiri. Me ne ingancin da jirgin sama, idan short-range iska fadace-fadace za su iya zama da wuya? Babban ra'ayi kan wannan ci - maneuverability damar mayakan don motsawa cikin tsarin na abin da ake kira "makami mai linzami tsaron gida" trajectories. Wannan shi ne, a lokacin da daukan hankali shugaban a kan m daga Sam, inji iya cika fuska Mataki na ajiye. Anti-jirgin sama da makami mai linzami, ta haka, ba su iya lissafta wannan rawar daji da dama fadi na lamba.

Me kuma za a kara wa sabuwar jirgin saman soja? Za mu iya sa ran bayyanar a kansu da wani alhẽri, idan aka kwatanta da data kasance, ginshikai na hulda da terrestrial abubuwa. Kuma ba kawai ƙasar amma kuma a cikin teku, sarari, ko karkashin ruwa. A mafi kyau jirgin saman soja a cikin latest ƙarni, masana sun ce - shi ne wanda, a sama da dukan, ya sami damar sadarwa da sauri fiye da sauran dabara da kuma dabarun data daga umurnin cibiyar da sauran jirgin sama, don samun bayanai daga tauraron dan adam. Duk wannan zai ba da damar da matukin jirgi don samun gaba da abokin gaba a key yanke shawara shafi nasarar da fama manufa.

Har ila yau, mafi m, soja mayakan 6 tsara za a sanye take da makamai tare da wani ya fi girma sosai radius na fama da aiki fiye da a yau damar samfurori. Akwai version cewa shi ne saboda albarkatun tafiyar hari daga nesa da mota zai iya tsayayya da wani adawa da latest iska tsaro tsarin. Alal misali, bambance-bambancen zai yiwu don yaƙar roka jefa ma kafin radar detects da Zenith hadaddun jirgin sama. Watakila latest inji za a sanye take ba ne kawai tare da makamai masu linzami, wanda aka yafi amfani a yanzu, amma kuma Laser shigarwa. Kuma sosai daban-daban da nufin: a matsayin waɗanda aka tsara don rediyo-lantarki yaki (a kashe maƙiyi avionics) da kuma lasers cewa zai iya buga hari kansu. Yana yiwuwa cewa makami so ma electromagnetic. Wadanda makamai masu linzami, shi ne ya kamata a saka 6-tsara inji zai tashi a irin wannan kudi da cewa iska tsaro tsarin kawai ba zai iya a gare su "ci gaba up."

Za mafi kyau a duniya jirgin saman soja?

Wani mai ban sha'awa tambaya. Wasu masana sun yi imanin - abu ne mai wuya wani daga cikin jirgin sama designers iya ƙirƙirar da ma'ana mafi kyau jirgin saman soja a cikin duniya. By lokacin da shida-tsara inji za a sa a cikin aiki, da matakin da fasahar a cikin su ya kamata su zama game da wannan. Game da wannan halin da ake ciki yanzu tare da 5th tsara mayakan. Rasha T-50 da kuma Amurka F-22, a matsayin dukan, bisa ga kwararru da yawa, da sosai irin wannan damar da kuma irin matakan da fasaha. Kuma wannan shi ne gaskiyar cewa mayakan na 3rd da 4th tsara, samar a Rasha (da kuma kafin cewa - a cikin Tarayyar Soviet), a wasu lokuta, kamar yadda da yawa masana yi imani, shi ne mai kai tsayi fiye da American takwarorinsu, da kuma mataimakin versa. Game 6 zamaninsu, an yi ĩmãni ga masana, ko da idan wasu jirage da zai kai, misali, a gudun, babu tabbacin cewa sauran aka gyara (misali, maneuverability), ba za su ba da fafatawa a gasa. A muhimmanci sosai factor ne inji goyon baya daga sauran rassan sabis - sarari, iska tsaro, sojojin ruwa, a wasu ayyuka - kuma ƙasa.

Kada ina bukatar wani jirgin kasar Rasha 6 ƙarnõnin farko?

A yanayi a cikin jirgin sama masana suna da ra'ayin cewa, 6-tsara jirgin saman soja, kuma ba ka bukatar wani zamani Runduna, ciki har da Rasha. A goyon bayan shi bayar da biyu na asali iri muhawara. A farko daga gare su - da iska tsaro tsarin za a ci gaba har yanzu mafi maida fiye da winged dabara. Kuma haka gaba daya bai dace ba, masana sun yi imanin, don ƙirƙirar da rundunar sabuwar kuma mafi yawansu duk, musamman tsada jirgin saman soja da zarar sun sosai m harbe saukar a lokacin yaki.

Wata gardamar - da fasaha na yi na zamani soja jirgin sama, bisa manufa, sun kai irin wannan matakin da cewa yin inji cewa zai zama gaske mafi matsala. Rasha inji T-50 American jirgin saman soja F-22, da kuma cewa yana yiwuwa riga an shirya don a saki da Sin jirgin sama 5th tsara, bisa manufa, a isasshe kusan m don samar da rundunar bukatar shekaru da dama masu zuwa, masana suka ce. A musamman, irin wannan siga a matsayin dirka vector iko, wanda ake sa ran za a dauri a kan 6-tsara jirgin sama, shi ne ba a da yawa zamani inji. Kuma wancan shi ne maneuverability, wanda muka tattauna a sama, akwai ma wasu mayakan tsara 4. Ba a ma maganar na zamani T-50 da kuma F-22. Bugu da kari, kreysersaya gudun biyu da jirgin sama, bisa ga wasu masana, na iya isa supersonic dabi'u.

Wuce na zamaninsa

Akwai version cewa yanzu jirgin saman soja model an tsara don kwaikwayon na wajibi ga shekaru 50. Wannan ne kaikaice tabbatar da da cewa da jirage ko da baya, 4th tsara, ci gaba a cikin tsakiyar 60s, nasarar bauta a cikin rundunar daga cikin manyan soja iko na duniya har yanzu. Tushe su halaye - saman soja gudun, makamai, maneuverability - shi ne ke da alhakin, masana sun ce, su na zamani da matsaloli. Don waɗanda, musamman, sun hada da irin motoci a matsayin Rasha Su-30 American F-14.

Akwai kuma wani ra'ayi cewa, ko da wasu jiragen sama na 4th ƙarni iya gasa quite nasarar a wasu aka gyara na alamar aukuwa. A musamman, zuwa ga waɗanda suke na wasu masana zaton Rasha jirgin saman soja - da Su-35, MiG-29, a cikin sabuwar siga. Bugu da kari, data kasance inji (duka 4 da 5 ƙarni) da, bisa ga kwararru da yawa, da babban m ga zamani. Kuma saboda da yawa daga cikin ayyukan tare da waɗanda za su iya gani a fuskar jirage, shi za a iya "ci da gumi" da samfurori na baya tsara mayakan.

Lokacin da sabon inji zai kasance?

Lokacin da za a wani sabon aji na jirgin sama? Masana sun yi hasashen cewa gwajin gwaji na irin wannan inji mai yiwuwa ne a cikin shekaru 10, da ƙaddamar da real for 20. Akwai version cewa farko-tsara jirgin saman soja da za a gina 6 Amirkawa. Bayan shi na taimaka da farko babban soja kasafin kudin na USA, a sau m ga daya wanda yake shi ne a zubar da Rasha da kuma China, ko da idan muka takaita su. Har ila yau, {asar Amirka na da wani enviable, bisa ga kwararru da yawa, da fasaha m.

Ko da yake, kamar yadda muka gani da wasu masana, ba dukan Amirkawa ne don haka m. A musamman, kwararru da yawa ne m data kasance m zane na Amurka - wannan F-22, kazalika da hangen zaman F-35 (wanda, ba zato ba tsammani, ba da wani biyar tsara cewa za a kaikaice tabbatar da rashin amfani da zanen kaya a cikin fitarwa a matakin 6).

Data kasance prototypes: American ra'ayi

Mene ne prototypes na inji 6 ƙarnõnin farko? Abin da ya kamata su zama mafi kyau jirgin saman soja a cikin duniya na zamani aji?

Don waɗanda, wasu masana zaton aikin F / A-XX, ci gaba da Boeing. An zaci cewa shi zai zama m-tushen jirgin saman soja ga Amurka Navy, wanda zai iya zama da amfani a wani m iri-iri na fama manufa. A samfur inji An gabatar da duniya Boeing injiniyoyi a 2008. jirgin sama zane alama shi ne cewa shi ba ya da a tsaye wutsiya, yayin da suka yi kusan dukkanin zamani mayakan. Photo sabon abu F / A XX kasa.

inji fuka-fuki, kamar yadda masana lura, kamar irin waɗanda abubuwa na F-22. A cikin kokfit na jirgin sama da alkawarin cikin sharuddan wani layout, akwai wurare biyu ga matukan jirgi. Na farko, kamar yadda masana suka yi ĩmãni, zai gudanar da wani jirgin saman soja da kuma na biyu - don kaitsaye unmanned m motocin, hade a cikin makamai kit. Kwararru da yawa, duk da haka, rikita mai girma aikace-aikace nauyi na na'ura - 45 ton. Duk da haka, akwai wani ra'ayi a wannan batun - a kan m jiki na iya zama wani karin iko engine, game da shi, kara rura wutar dirka-na'ura. A engine, wanda za a iya tsaye a kan F / A-XX - kamar cewa sa zuwa F-35. Wanne sake tabbatar da cewa da yawa daga yau fasahar riga ya sadu da sharudda ga 6 zamaninsu. Ana sa ran ƙaddamar da F / A-XX a samar - tsakiyar 2020s.

A 'yan shekaru bayan da show ta farko F / A-XX jama'a Boeing ya gabatar da duniya zuwa wani updated version na 6 tsara inji ra'ayi. Bisa ga daftarin, da jirgin sama kwakwalwa samar kawai guda a cikin iri biyu na fasahar - unmanned da daya inda kula da naúrar za mutane. Ana sa ran cewa, jirgin saman da zai iya maye gurbin na hudu-tsara mayakan kamar F-18s kan gaba shekarun da suka gabata.

Boeing Co., A halin yanzu, yana da wani ra'ayi tsara jirgin saman soja 6. Wannan inji FX. Yana ne aka yi nufi ba domin Navy, kuma musamman domin da Amurka Air Force. Ana sa ran cewa da jirgin sama zai maye gurbin F-22. Babban amfani da na'ura da aka kira wani sosai high gudun.

An sani cewa wani American aviagigant - Lockheed Martin - ya ma shirya da kansa ra'ayi. Duk da haka, da hujjojin da na nan gaba jirgin sama daga wannan m ne har yanzu sosai kadan. Akwai, watakila, da kawai bayanai da cewa mota za a samar da Hadakar nata irin ra'ayi.

Amirkawa, kamar yadda wasu masana ne m shiriya a kan sharuddan 6-tsara jirgin saman soja commissioning. Matsakaicin yawa shirye ya jira Amurka - kafin ƙarshen 2030s. Bi da bi, sake-ba sojojin Amirkawa suna shirin domin shekaru 20 bayan kaddamar da jirgin sama a serial samar.

A jirgin sama daga kasashen Turai

Daga cikin sananne Turai samfur 6-tsara jirgin sama - da ci gaban da kungiyar Dassault nEUROn. Duk da haka, duk da cewa yayin da injiniyoyi fariya da wannan kamfanin - mai kyau drone, halitta da yin amfani da "stealth" -technology. Ya aka nuna duniya a shekarar 2012. Duk da haka, da aikin injiniya da nasarori da cewa an aiwatar da shi, masana sun yi imanin, zai iya zama dalilin cikakken 6-tsara inji.

Sin aikin

A lokacin, kasar Sin ta jirgin sama zanen kaya na Zartarwa jirgin saman soja 5 zamaninsu. Shi ne game da J-20 da kuma J-jirage 31. Ya zuwa yanzu, masana sun yi imanin cewa, kasar Sin injiniyoyi ba su ma shagala da dadewa ci gaba, amma akwai shaida cewa wasu ban sha'awa na zane-zane daga kasar Sin, a cikin halittar 6 tsara na'ura. Kazalika da Turawa, da Sin da injiniyoyi, Mun halitta a high-tech drone, wanda aka mai suna Lijian, halin da low bayyane zuwa ga radar. Bisa ga wannan ci gaban, masana sun ce, mai alamar jirgin saman soja jet za a iya gina gaba daya. Yana yiwuwa shi zai wasu har dace 6 tsara sharudda.

Japan samfur

Designers daga Japan, a cewar wani yawan kafofin, ma hannu a cikin halittar sabuwar aji jirgin saman soja. An yi imani da cewa dalilin da na'ura zama gwaji jirgin sama ATD-X. Akwai version na wannan tsara jirgin saman soja 6 Japan zai gina wani ƙawance da zanen kaya daga Amurka. Masana sun kira ATD-X inji model, wanda zai iya da kyau zama dalilin da aiwatar da mafi m fasahar na nan gaba. tsara jirgin saman soja 6 ciki har da ci gaba.

A Rasha ra'ayi

Kamar yadda shi ne hali a cikin kasa injiniya makaranta? Shin akwai wani damar cewa akwai zai kasance a Rasha jirgin saman soja jet 6 ƙarnõnin farko? Abin da aka sani shi ne cewa tsare-tsaren da za a gina da irin wannan na'ura ne a kasar soja shugabanci. Akwai wasu bayanai game da abin da aukuwa kamfanin "Dry" ke tsunduma a cikin wannan shugabanci. Duk da haka, da zai yiwu farkon kwanakin ga ci gaba da kuma girke irin wannan jirgin sama a samar tukuna kadan ne da aka sani. Yau, da dukan albarkatun na gida developers suna bar zuwa wasu Rasha mayakan - T-50 na zuwa 5th tsara, kazalika da na zamani da inji na zuwa mazan model. Amma daga cikin masana akwai wani version cewa shi ne T-50 zai iya zama a matsayin tushen da samar da wani 6-tsara jirgin sama.

Mun riga ya bayyana cewa, Rasha designers iya fara gina wata alamar da inji a matsayin unmanned tushen da kuma fasahar-tushen, shafe jirgin sama a mutum management. Idan fifiko farko zaɓi, da na'ura type, "Scat" za a iya amfani da a matsayin tushe aukuwa halitta da OKB MiG aka zaba. Amfani da shi da fasaha, bisa ga masana, shi zai iya taimaka tabbatar da cewa wani jirgin saman soja Rasha jet 6 tsara bayyana a cikin foreseeable nan gaba.

A kafofin watsa labarai akwai rahotannin da ke cewa ta farko samfur na 6 tsara na'ura, halitta da injiniyoyi daga Rasha, za su bayyana a cikin gaba 10-12 shekaru. Wannan shi ne wata ila za a tsunduma a cikin United Aircraft Corporation. An lura da cewa Rasha jirgin sama zanen kaya da damar cimma Amurka, wanda ya shirya don kafa irin wannan aji na jirgin sama a kan 2030s. Duk da haka, kamar yadda masana lura, da injiniyoyi na Rasha Federation ya ba su yanke shawarar a kan daidai da ra'ayi na gaba jirgin saman soja, la'akari da cewa ta ci gaba - da tambaya ne mafi kimiyya fiye da Design.