United Company Kamfanin Rusal: tsarin, management, kayayyakin

Kamfanin Rusal kamfani ko "Rasha Aluminum" shi ne daya daga cikin mafi girma Rasha kamfanoni. Wannan kamfanin an kuma rayayye hada kai da abokan daga cikin kasar da kuma kasashen waje, kuma yana daya daga cikin mafi iko 'yan wasa a cikin dacewa kashi na kasuwannin duniya. Wannan shi samar? Wanda ya mallaki kuma sarrafa kamfanin?

Company Overview

Kamfanin Rusal ne daya daga cikin mafi girma a Enterprises a cikin kasar da kuma duniya wajen yawan aluminum da kuma alumina. Shar'ance, da sha'anin da aka rajista, a Jersey, wanda mallakar Birtaniya. A total damar aluminum smelters mallakar da kamfani, shi ne game da 4.4 ton miliyan alumina - game da 12,3 ton miliyan. A cikin Rasha kasuwar cikin sharuddan kudaden shiga Kamfanin Rusal da ake samu mafi yawa kawai mafi girma a man fetur da kuma iskar gas hukumomi.

Company Tarihi

Kamfanin Rusal aka kafa a shekarar 2007 ta ci na Rasha kamfanoni dukiya - "Rasha Aluminum", da Shuwal, da Swiss kamfanin Glencore. Yana iya lura da cewa, sabuwar garwaya kamfani zauna alamomin na zuwa "Rasha Aluminum".

A gaskiya, a cikin tsarin da kamfani ba Kamfanin Rusal masana'antu, kafa a farkon Soviet lokaci. Saboda haka, da farko m aluminum factory da aka kaddamar a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a 1932 a garin Volkhov. Maroki na wutar lantarki a shuka shi ne Volkhov hydroelectric tashar, haƙar raw kayan ma mined nan kusa. A shekara ta 1933, a irin wannan kamfani da aka kaddamar a Zaporozhye, a cikin Ukrainian SSR. A marigayi 30 ta aka fara ci gaba da kuma samar da haƙar kuma, daidai da, samar da aluminum da kuma alumina a cikin Urals Soviet industrialists kaddamar Ural Aluminum Shuka.

Lokacin da Mai girma Patriotic War, da ma'aikata a Zaporozhye aka kama Volkhovsky aka barazana, don haka Soviet industrialists yanke shawarar gina sabon shuke-shuke a cikin raya - Krasnoturinsk da Novokuznetsk. Bayan da War, da Tarayyar Soviet tattalin arzikin da aka fuskantar mai girma bukatar aluminum. New masana'antu fara bude up a Eastern Siberia. A shekarar 1960 duniya most factory domin samar da aluminum bude a Krasnoyarsk da Bratsk. Domin samar da wadannan kamfanonin da alumina - yayin da yafi shigo, da shuke-shuke da aka gina a Achinsk da Nikolayev.

A shekarar 1985, an bude Sayanogorsk aluminum shuka a Khakassia. Yana iya lura da cewa, nan da karshen 80s Tarayyar Soviet zo a farko a duniya a samar da aluminum. A kasar ne rayayye fitar dashi karfe. Sayanogorsk Aluminum Smelter sun fi mayar da gudummawar da ci gaban da wannan masana'antu. Amma nan da nan bayan da gano a cikin Tarayyar Soviet wasu matsaloli, sake fasalin kudin, sa'an nan auka daga cikin kasar.

The kafa kamfani "Rasha Aluminum" da aka riga da wani lokaci na hada a kasuwannin duniya na biyu wasu manyan masana'antu da 'yan wasan a cikin kasuwar - "Siberian Aluminum" da "Sibneft", wanda kuma ya aluminum dukiya. A 2000, da kamfani data tattara ganimar Asusun dukiyoyinsu, sakamakon wani "Rasha Aluminum". заводы по производству алюминия в России и Украине. A tsarin da kamfanin hada da most aluminum smelter a Rasha da kuma Ukraine.

Daga bisani, kamfanin ya fara rayayye fadada kasuwanci da kasashen waje. Amma da Rasha kasuwar kamfanin ne kuma na rayayye masu tasowa. Saboda haka, Khakas aluminum shuka da aka bude a 2006, kuma a Sayanogorsk. Yana iya lura da cewa ta 2007, "Rasha Aluminum" sarrafawa game da 80% na masana'antu a cikin kashi a Rasha.

Amma ga sauran magana da fatauci, a sakamakon wanda da kamfani da aka kafa Kamfanin Rusal - Shuwal, da shi za a iya lura da cewa, kamfani da aka kafa a shekarar 1996 a Kamensk-Uralsky. A cikin shakka daga ta ci gaba, shi ne quite rayayye sayi kamfanin domin samar da aluminum - amma ayan zama gwada da kananan. Har ila yau, wannan kamfanin ya samu Zaporozhye aluminum shuka. A gaskiya ma, ta 2007, da Shuwal sarrafawa da wani ɓangare na kasuwar cewa ba na "Rasha Aluminum", wato, da rabo ya game 20% a cikin kashi.

Amma har yanzu ko ta yaya, a 2007, duka biyu kamfanoni garwaya tẽku, JSC "Kamfanin Rusal" da aka kafa a sakamakon.

Company a lokacin rikicin na 2008-2009

Isasshe manyan hukumomi matsaloli da za a shawo kan a wani lokaci na tattalin arziki koma bayan tattalin arziki a Rasha, a 2008-2009. An sani cewa kamfanin da aka fuskantar wahala maturing credits. Duk da haka, da kamfani ya iya jimre da matsaloli. A lokacin daga Oktoba zuwa watan Disamba, 2009, kamfanin "Kamfanin Rusal" ya sanya hannu a yawan yarjejeniyar tare da manyan bankuna - biyu Rasha da kuma kasashen waje, bashi sake fasalin kudin ya kai kimanin 16.8 dalar Amurka biliyan.

Wanda ya mallaki kuma kulawa da kamfani?

Yana da amfani la'akari da ikon mallakar tsarin da kamfani, kazalika da yadda za ta canza a kan lokaci.

Har 2010, da most m na kamfanin ne a gudanar kamfanin En +, wanda aka sarrafawa da Oleg Deripaska. A gaba most rabo na dukiyar da mallakar Shuwal. ONEXIM Group, prinadlazheschey Mikhail Prokhorov, aka gudanar da uku mafi girma a kan gungumen azaba a cikin kamfani. ОАО «РУСАЛ» являлась компания Glencore. Wani babbar m na "Kamfanin Rusal" shi ne wani kamfanin Glencore.

A Janairu 2010, da kamfani ya za'ayi wani IPO a Hong Kong Exchange. A cikin umurnin aiwatar da kamfanin gudanar da sayar da 10,6% na hannun jari domin 2,24 dalar Amurka biliyan. Dukan dukiyar da kamfani da aka kiyasta a cikin adadin game da 21 dalar Amurka biliyan. Yana iya lura da cewa babban zuba jari a cikin karfe kasuwanci Vnesheconombank da kuma Libya Investment Authority asusu, wakiltar Libya. Wadannan hukumomi yi tsiwirwirinsu, da bi, 3.15% da 1.43% na yau da na Rasha aluminum giant. Bayan da IPO, da rabo ya canza dama key hannun jeri na kamfanin - su an rage wa da girman da kunshin da kadarori sayar wa masu zuba jari.

Yanzu da rike kamfanin Olega Deripaski rike 48,13% na hannun jari na "Rasha Aluminum», da Shuwal Partners rike 15.8% na dukiya da kamfani. ONEXIM Group rike 17,02% na hannun jari na "Rasha Aluminum". Glencore Corporation rike da 8,75% na dukiya a cikin Rasha aluminum kamfanin. The free cinikayya gwamnatin kõma 10,04% gungumen azaba, a cikin kamfanin. Yana iya lura da cewa, 0,26% Securities "Rasha Aluminum" mallakar kamfanin ta management. A daidai wannan lokaci Shugaba na kamfani ya mallaki 0,23% na hannun jari.

kamfanin management

Shugaban Board of Directors na JSC "Kamfanin Rusal" tun da aka kafa kamfanin ya Viktor Vekselberg. A shekarar 2012, ya sanar da murabus. A watan Oktoba na shekarar 2012, kamfani ta Board of Directors karkashin jagorancin Matthias Warnig. Shugaba ne Oleg Deripaska. A matsayi na Janar Darektan "Rasha Aluminum" daukan Vladislav Soloviev.

Babban ayyuka na kamfani

Bari mu yi nazarin more sa'an nan abin da kamfanin Kamfanin Rusal.

Babban aiki na kamfani, kamar yadda muka gani a sama - samar da alumina, kuma aluminum. Daga cikin makircinsu amfani da kungiyar na kamfani na samar - tolling a cikin abin da albarkatun kasa da aka shigo da daga kasashen waje, shi aka sarrafa a cikin "Rasha Aluminum" masana'antu, da kuma ƙãre samfurin da aka sa'an nan hawa kasashen waje.

Kamfanin Rusal interacts rayayye tare da wasu manyan kamfanoni. Alal misali, a tare da rao "EEC Rasha" da aka aiwatar a kan yi aikin Boguchanskaya HPP da aluminum smelter ciwon ikon game da 600 da dubu. Ton Krasnoyarsk yankin. A Corporation ya qaddamar da gina yawa da manyan kamfanoni a cikin masana'antun. Ka yi la'akari da abin da wasu daga cikinsu ne yanzu da key da kamfanin ta ayyukan.

Da ayyukan da kamfanin Kamfanin Rusal: shuke-shuke

Company shuke-shuke za a iya classified a cikin wadannan babban Categories:

- Enterprises samar da aluminum.

- shuke-shuke da samar da alumina.

- kamfanonin tsunduma a cikin hakar haƙar.

- shuke-shuke da cewa samar da tsare.

A lokaci guda a cikin kowane daga cikin Categories ambata shuke-shuke da biyu Rasha da kuma kasashen waje da kamfanoni.

Tsire-tsire domin samar da aluminum

A farko shuka domin samar da aluminum a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, kamar yadda muka gani a sama - Volkhov, shi da aka kafa a 1932, kuma shi ne har yanzu a sakamako. Iyãwarsa - ba babbar, a kan wani adadin bayanai -. About 24 dubu ton, amma duk da haka, da sha'anin ne mai muhimmanci kayayyakin more rayuwa da makaman na kamfanin.

Bayan Volkhov, a 1939 aka kaddamar Ural aluminum shuka a Kamensk-Uralsky. Yana kuma ayyuka ya zuwa yanzu, amma yanzu mayar da hankali, yafi a kan batun na alumina.

Enterprises gina a lokacin Great Patriotic War - da Novokuznetsk aluminum smelters da kuma Kalam, bude, bi da bi, a 1943 da kuma 1944. Su ma suna aiki cikin nasara ya zuwa yanzu. Tauhidin aluminum shuka samar yafi alumina, kuma aka hada da wani simintin tashar. Kamfaninmu masõya daga aluminum da daban-daban gami. A shuka ta iya aiki ne game da 960 da dubu. Ton na alumina a kowace shekara. Novokuznetsk shuka ya ci gaba da kware a samar da aluminum.

A mafi yawan iko kamfanin Kamfanin Rusal, na farko category - "Krasnoyarsk Aluminum Shuka." Yana yana da damar game da 1008 dubu. Ton. "Krasnoyarsk Aluminum Shuka" da aka kafa a shekarar 1964 a Krasnoyarsk da ke daya daga cikin key masana'antu cibiyoyin da m kashi na Rasha masana'antu. Na biyu mafi girma shuka don samar da aluminum Kamfanin Rusal aka located in Bratsk. Yana da aka kafa a shekarar 1966. Its iya aiki ne game da 1006 dubu. Ton. Kamfanin Rusal a dace category a kan uku ikon shuka - da Irkutsk aluminum smelter. Yana da aka kafa a 1962. Irkutsk aluminum shuka yana da damar game da 529 da dubu. Ton. Wannan inji aka located in Shelekhov.

Daga cikin kamfanonin da Kamfanin Rusal, wanda aka sa ran sarrafa - Volgograd Aluminum Smelter. A da shi, musamman, ake sa ran za su fara samar da gasa anodes. Volgograd Aluminum Smelter yana da bukata domin samar da karfe. Ya simintin iya aiki ne game da 60 dubu. Ton a kowace shekara.

Kasashen waje Kamfanin Rusal na aluminum smelters ne a cikin Yaren mutanen Sweden garin Sundsvall, kazalika a Najeriya Ikot Abasi.

Tsire-tsire domin samar da alumina

Idan muka magana game da alumina matatun mai, Kamfanin Rusal, da Rasha most Enterprises daga cikin daidai da irin ne, kamar yadda muka gani a sama, Kalam, Ural aluminum shuke-shuke da kuma Mills a Achinsk da Boksitogorsk.

Kasashen waje Company Kamfanin Rusal domin samar da alumina located in Ukrainian Nikolayev, Guinea Frii, Australia Gladstone, Oginishe Irish, Italiyanci Portovesme da kuma Jamaica birane Kirkvayn da Mandeville.

haƙar ma'adinai

The most Rasha haƙar ma'adinan mallakar Kamfanin Rusal, located in Ukhta yanki a Severouralsk, Belogorsk. Kasashen waje - Georgetown Guiana, a Frii da sauran Guinea birni - Kindia.

domin tsare samar da tsire-tsire

Saki tsare ne da za'ayi ta Rasha kamfanoni Kamfanin Rusal, wanda aka located in Sayanogorsk, Dmitrov da Mikhailovsky. Akwai manyan shuka domin samar da tsare - na biyu mafi iko na duk da cewa ya kasance a cikin "Rasha Aluminum" a cikin Armenian babban birnin kasar, Yerevan.

Yana iya lura cewa Corporation ta dukiya kunshi kamfanonin da cewa samar da ba kawai, a gaskiya, aluminum, amma kuma, musamman, gami itãcensa, tsare. A Corporation rike da shuke-shuke, ya kafa wani cikakken masana'antu sarkar - daga ma'adinai Mills da kuma kammala shuke-shuke da samar da karfe. Wannan yanayin na kungiyar na samar da damar da kamfanin ya cimma mafi ingancin kayayyakin. Kamfanin Rusal mai daraja a duniya sun fi mayar saboda high quality.

Key masana'antu da wuraren da ake located in Siberia kamfani cewa bayar da, a daya hannun, da yiwuwar kamfanin don samun damar yin amfani da albarkatun kasa na yankin, a kan sauran - ya kawo ta kayayyakin more rayuwa a daya daga cikin mafi girma a aluminum mabukaci, China.

kasuwanci al'amurra

Koyi abin da su ne yiwuwa ga kasuwanci ci gaba, wanda ya gina a Rasha aluminum kamfanin. Masana sun lura cewa Kamfanin Rusal yana kokarin inganta samar da kayayyakin da saduwa da canza bukatar a kasuwannin duniya. Saboda haka, girmamawa ya kamata su yi a samar da kayayyakin da high kara darajar. Kamfanin Rusal aka gina samar da wuraren a Eastern Siberia an halin high dace, wadda za ta ba mu da ikon ya sadar da abokan ciniki da karfe lokacin da bukatar da shi zai kara.

Kamfanin Rusal ya rike da sararin reserves na raw kayan, na da ababen more rayuwa ga aiwatar da kimiyya da kuma fasaha aukuwa da za su iya taimaka wa inganta fitarwa da kuma rage kudin. Wani muhimmin aiki na Kamfanin Rusal - samar da wata ikon tushe, wadda za ta kara da matakin cin gashin na samar da samar da wutar lantarki da kansa. A wannan shugabanci kamfanin na aiki tare da "RusHydro" kamfanin a cikin tsarin na aikin da gine na da Boguchany HPP.

Kamfanin Rusal na rayayye tasowa, da kuma dangantakar kasa da kasa, da kuma, kamar yadda a cikin kusa da na nesa kasashen waje. "Rasha Aluminum" - wani aiki takara a ci gaba da Rasha kasuwar a cikin Game da rabi.

By da samuwar da Aluminum Association da aka qaddamar, wadda bisa ga masana, taka muhimmiyar rawa a shawo kan matsalar tattalin arzikin a halin yanzu mataki na ci gaba na kasa tattalin arzikin na Rasha. The yiwuwar hukumomi na bayar da muhimmanci cikin sharuddan da dawo da rates na m kashi na Rasha tattalin arzikin da ta yi nasara ci gaba.