Short biography Janar Chernyakhovsky Ivan Danilovich

Chernyakhovsky sunan rubuta a zinariya haruffa a cikin tarihi na Great Patriotic War. Wannan mai kuzari da kuma talented janar na ɗaya daga cikin haske matasa shugabannin masu shekaru. A lokacin yakin, ya kasance a kan wani iri-iri na fronts: yãƙi a cikin Baltic States, kare Novgorod, Voronezh kidan, yana daga cikin sojojin a lokacin yakin Kursk, 'yanci Ukraine da Belarus.

yara

Future Janar Ivan Chernyakhovsky aka haife shi a birnin Uman, wanda aka located kusa da Kiev a 1906. Mahaifinsa (Danil Nikolaevich) ya switchman a kan reluwe. Lokacin da yaki ya barke tare da Jamus, sai aka kira shi zuwa gaban, inda ya samu wani girgizawa. Lokacin da ya koma, shugaban na iyali tafi Podolia, inda ya kasance a coachman a mai masauki. Mahaifiyar jaririn mai uwargida. Iyaye mutu a 1919 saboda typhus. Saboda haka shi ya bar shida marayu.

Ivan farko a takaice grazed shanu daga kananan manoma, da kuma a 1920 ya fara besprizornichat a yaki-tsage kasar. Da zarar a wurin aiki a kan reluwe, ya gudanar don samun kwarewa na locksmith, bayan da ya zama shugaba na dukiya a kan hanyoyi a kusa da Odessa.

A Soviet sojojin

A 1924, wani saurayi a kan umarni na Sun kwaminis League da aka aiko zuwa gida dakaru makaranta. Haka abin ya fara da tarihin Janar Chernyakhovsky a cikin Soviet sojojin. Daga baya ya yi karatu a sojan igwa a Kiev. Wannan makaranta da aka kammala a 1928. Sa'an nan, ya aka nada kwamandan a mutanena su ka na 17th Corps harbi rajimanti a birnin Vinnitsa.

A kan Hauwa'u na yakin duniya na II biography Janar Chernyakhovsky dauki wani bi da bi. Ya aka sanya wa 28th Armoured Division (kwamandan). Ta aka jibge a cikin Baltic.

Fashewa yaki

A kwanaki na ƙarshe na duniya da kuma tarayyar Soviet da kuma ta Uku Reich aka shirya don yaki. Duk da haka, Stalin zaton Jamus zai kai farmaki kawai bayan wani shekara. Saboda haka, duk da shirye-shirye da aka ba da nufin Tattara karfi siyusekundnuyu (ko da yake m bayanai).

Yuni 18 Chernyakhovsky Division samu umarni a bar su Apartments da kuma kaura zuwa wani wuri kusa da Lithuanian birnin Siauliai. Rubuce, da soja ya yi habarta motsa jiki. Duk da haka, 22 daga cikin Jamusawa haye Soviet iyaka. Kuma haka ya faru da cewa Chernyakhovsky daga farkon ya a lokacin farin ciki na events, kamar yadda Lithuania da aka kai hari da daya daga cikin na farko.

A dare na biyu da rabo daga yaki, wanda aka jagorancin wani jami'in, shawo kan tazarar kilomita 50, kuma ya yi kusa da garin Varniai. Na fara da ciwon matsaloli tare da man fetur da wadata, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa kungiyarsa ta stalled. Kungiya matsaloli da fuskantar da 28th Panzer Division, sun ubiquitous. The Red Army da aka ba a shirye domin kwatsam blitzkrieg Jamus mamaye. Bugu da kari, sama a kan Lithuania a farkon sarrafawa da Jamusanci kai harin, wanda ya shafi tsanani duka zuwa ga ƙasar rabo.

Chernyakhovsky farko yaki ya yi wani yunkurin korar nãsa ya rabo daga garin Kaltinenaya. Duk da haka, na lamba magabaci daga cikin abokan ya jagoranci wani halitta shan kashi na Soviet sojojin. Ba da da ewa Ivan Danilovich tattara a cikin general kwarara daga Red Army.

An muhimmanci milestone ya yammacin Dvina da kuma birnin Elipaya, wanda ya fara da wani mummunan yaƙi da sojojin na Reich. Har ila yau, da rabo da aka umurce su da su gudanar da wani cover tsallaka stragglers raka'a a Riga. 1 Yuli aka kara makiya da kasashen yammacin Dvina, sa'an nan ɓangare na kullum mãsu bãyar da bãya zuwa gabas.

Novgorod tsaro

Agusta 13, 1941 Chernyakhovsky aka umurce su da su dauki up tsaron gida mukamai a gabashin unguwannin Novgorod. A shirya tsaro bayyana kwamanda iya aiki. Ya koya sauri da kuma nagarta sosai don canja wurin sassa daga batu A to auna B, wanda yake shi ne musamman rikitarwa aiki maƙiyi. A takaice, ya koya wa rabo bai yi wani abu da karin, da kuma kawai harsasai, filin kitchens da sauransu. D. Wannan ne musamman nace Chernyakhovsky, a takaice biography wanda ya hada da facts game da azumi kamar yadda yaro a lokacin yakin basasa.

Sojoji za'ayi rami aiki, lokacin da suka kora daga rokoki. A mafi m sassa aka aika zuwa birnin zuwa Kremlin, wanda wani yana kokarin muhimmanci. Buga na Hitler sojojin ya ci gaba da kara a kudi na mutane da yawa reserves. A wannan lokaci, Reich ya shagaltar da kusan dukkan kasashen Turai da kuma jefa gabas duk da fama-shirye sojojin.

Bayan 'yan kwanaki na division Chernyakhovsky sauran uku na ma'aikata. A wannan lokaci, da Jamus ciyar goma sha uku harin. 16 da kuma 17 na su yi kokarin hadari da Novgorod Kremlin da kuma haye kogin Volkhov. Sun zuba machinegun wuta, kuma m counterattacks. A mawuyacin halin da tilasta umurnin shiga yakin da ya rage a kananan ajiye. Kai farmaki da Jamus sauƙaƙar bayan ɓangare na arewa maso yammacin gaban kokarin rike wani m counter-kai hari a yankin na Staraya Russa. Wannan tilasta Nazis a raba iko. Wasu jinkiri ba da damar zuwa 28th Division su janye dakarunsu da gabas da kogin Volkhov. A hedkwatar aka mayar da su cikin unremarkable kauyen Kunin. A wannan lokaci, Chernyakhovsky aka gano ciwon huhu. Saboda da tsananin bincike da ya aka aika zuwa wani asibiti a gaban.

Voronezh

A May 1942 Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich (short biography cewa shi ne batun wannan review) da aka ciyar da su Kanar-Janar. Ya so ya koma zuwa ga tank naúrar, domin shi ne wannan irin dakarun kishin shekaru goma na rayuwarsa. A karshen, sai aka nada shugaban 18th Tank Corps, inda ya isa a watan Yuli 1942. Wannan bangare ya kan Bryansk Front - ba a cikin yankin inda da janar ya yi yaƙi da.

A wannan lokaci, kudancin shugabanci da aka wata babbar a cikin adawa tsakanin Jamus da kuma Tarayyar Soviet. Idan Birnin Leningrad, ya kewaye ta da yaƙi a karkashin, da kuma fadace-fadace na Moscow ya dauki wani matsayi a cikin yanayi, shi ne a cikin matakan da aka yanzu shirya sakamakon yaki. A watan Yuli, da Jamus kama Rostov-on-Don. "Operation Edelweiss" da aka samarwa a zauna da Caucasus, a hedkwatar na Reich. Wannan kunya Hitler bukata domin ya yanke Tarayyar Soviet daga muhimmanci daga cikin tattalin arziki ra'ayi, da man fetur daga Baku da kuma Grozny.

A cikin wannan shirin, sojojin kungiyar "A" da aka bi da mãsu bãyar da bãya gare Don kuma kama wadannan muhimmanci birane. A daidai wannan lokaci da samuwar "B" da aka je zuwa Stalingrad don tabbatar da lafiya da kuma raya goyon baya. Shi ne a cikin wannan shugabanci ya Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich. Biography of General har yanzu bai dauke da irin wadannan ayyuka.

Yuli 3rd Army a karkashin umurnin Paulus da Weichs kewaye Stary Oskol da kai Don. Akwai wani hatsari Voronezh kama. A wannan lokaci, Stalin ya kira Janar Golikova, wanda ya ce ya aika reinforcements a cikin nau'i na 18th Tank Corps Chernyakhovsky. The fitarwa na farar hula, Voronezh yawan jama'a. A lokaci guda, da tankuna na 18th Corps fara da za a gabatar a cikin fray. Sun warwatsa kungiyoyin koma cikin birnin, kokarin ba don ba da damar abokan gaba su je Don. A arziki soja kwarewa, Janar Chernyakhovsky gaya masa kada ya yi shi, amma Golikov ba saurare shi, kuma ya umarci a matsayin babban jami'i mai.

Ivan Danilovich kansa ya jagoranci daya daga cikin kungiyoyin kusa da farm "ɗan ganga" domin yin ishãra zuwa ga qarqashinsu, wanda gabagaɗi, bi da yaƙi domin kwamandan (na harin da aka samu halartar 14 crews). A wannan yaki ne, wani harsashi buga motarsa, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa ya samu wata girgizawa. Ya sake kamata ka je asibiti, amma ya ƙi yin haka.

Yuli 7 da aka musamman tsara don kare sabon Voronezh Voronezh Front Army of 4 da 4 daga cikin tank kungiyar soja. Duk da haka, da counter sun ba nasara. Jamus sun shagaltar da Voronezh, kãma Donbass da kuma yanzu wa'adi ƙananan kai na da Volga.

A shugaban na 60th Army

Yuli 25, Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich, wanda biography aikata ba tare da setbacks a gaban, aka nada shugaban 60th Army, wanda kuma ya fada kusa da Voronezh. Ya aka nada su maye gurbin Antoniuk, wanda ba zai iya jimre da ayyuka.

Janar Chernyakhovsky, wanda biography da aka sani ga kowane soja a gaban, nan da nan ya dauki sama da aikinsu. Ya kiyaye tsaro a Voronezh, lokaci-lokaci tsawwala su nufin a kan abokan gaba. A watan Agusta, da Jamus, a cikin wasu shugabanci ya iya karya, ta hanyar zuwa Volga. Yanzu babban yãki aka canjawa wuri zuwa Stalingrad, yayin da dangi a kwantar da hankula ya zo kusa da Voronezh.

A lokacin sanyi, sa'ad da halin da ake ciki a kan Volga fara dauki siffar a cikin ni'imar da Soviet soja, rates fara shirya wani m counter-kai harin, wanda suka dauki kashi da dama sojojin, ciki har da 60th. Sun kasance wani ɓangare na Voronezh da Bryansk fronts. A harin farko ya fara Janairu 24, 1943.

Kai farko na gabas na Voronezh ya Ivan Chernyakhovsky. Biography da kuma soja nasara ya zama mafi kyau shawarwari ga umurnin da Stalin. 25 na 60th Army shiga Voronezh da kuma gaba daya rabu da shi daga invaders. Tsakanin wannan alƙarya, kuma Kastornov aka kewaye da babba, maƙiyi sojojin, ciki har da guda biyu Hungarian gidaje. A karkashin wadannan yanayi, da muka samu wani domin ci gaba da m da matsakaicin karfi har da gaban line ba stabilized. Saboda haka, Soviet raka'a, ciki har da Army Chernyakhovsky, koma a gaba wajen Stary Oskol, Kursk da Kharkov. A lokaci guda, da 38th Army ya zuwa neutralize kewaye da sojoji na Reich da kawayenta. Sadarwa daga cikin wadannan raka'a aka yanke, sun kasance defenseless. A halin yanzu, 60 Fabrairu 8th Army shiga Kursk. Na akwai kuma Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich, wanda biography da aka wadãtar da wani cin nasara aiki. A watan Maris, rundunõninsa zo zuwa ga Diet River.

Shiri ga Battle of Kursk

Nasarorin da ta Red Army a yarda a fara shirya domin Battle of Kursk. Maris 26, Ivan Danilovich tare da su raka'a aka reassigned ga Tsakiya Front. Ya kwamandan Rokossovsky ya ji sha'awar sani da matasa general. Iyakacin duniya da kuma daga baya ya yi magana game da shi kawai tabbatacce.

Lokacin da tsaro na cikin Kursk salient, 60th Army shi ne a kan kunya fi. Don dama na shi ne wani ɓangare na Lieutenant-Janar baht da hagu - karkashin kulawa da sojoji Chibisova. Duk da yake sojojin sun kasance a wuri Chernyakhovsky (wanda biography hada da wani iri-iri na tafiya) tafiya duk da gida kauyuka, abin da suke kusa da gaba. Babu wata guda Locality, wanda bai sani ba. A zurfin bincike na abin da ke faruwa da kuma hankali ga daki-daki, ya kasance kullum ta yi fice a fasali.

Aviation horo Jamus m fara ranar 6 ga watan Yuli. Kwamandan von Kluge ya jagoranci kai hari Reich division, amma ya nasarorin kasance musamman kananan. Yana kasa matsawa kawai nisan kilomita 10, wanda ya ba ma wani karamin sashi na tattalin gaban band (game da 100 kilomita).

Kowace safiya da maraice akwai aka tashi detachment na High umurninSa, inda sojoji ya ruwaito a cikin Jihar harkokin a kan shafin. Daga cikin su ya General Chernyakhovsky. Biography soja yana cike da tarurruka da kuma tattaunawa, a lokacin da makomar dubban daruruwan sojojin.

counterattack

Wannan ya biyo ta wani tanki yaƙi a Prokhorovka, wanda ya kashe mafi kyau ɓangare na Jamus sojojin. A da rushewar auka daga cikin Nazi "kagara" shirin. Riga 23 da yawan Soviet sojojin counterattack koma duk abin da aka kama da Jamus a lokacin da mummunan hari. Agusta 5 a watan birnin Orel da Belgorod aka koma bayan da farkon yakin Kursk.

A daidai wannan lokaci da 60th Army zauna a baya, jiran su bi da bi su matsa gaba a cikin Hagu-Bank Ukraine. Da sojoji, wanda ya kwashe watanni da dama a cikin ramuka, yi okin su yi yaƙi. Wannan ji aka fallasa da kuma Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich. Short biography Janar zahiri dazzles kamar kwana radadin dãko a cikin ramuka.

A halin yanzu, a Moscow karo na farko a lokacin yaki halshen wasan wuta don murnar dawowar Rasha birane. A karshe, a tsakiyar Agusta shi aka sa Chernyakhovsky da Rokossovsky samu sabon umarni a kan m.

30 ga watan Agusta a tasowa m aka dauka Glukhov. Gaba kasance a kan iyaka da Ukraine. Kan gaba rana Chernyakhovsky gudanar ya ci gaba kilomita 60. Jamus kasance a cikin wani sauri ya bar musu matsayi. A general bai san a lokacin ta zaman lafiya. Ya kullum tafiya daga daya division zuwa wani, jãyayya a hedkwatar taswirar, samun kwatance a kan tarho da gidan waya Lines, wanda a lokuta da aka kafa a m yankunan.

A watan Satumba, an koma zuwa wasu birni: Konotop, Bamach da Nizhyn. A watan Nuwamba 1st Ukrainian Front da aka kafa. Chernyakhovsky, wanda biography ya zama misali mai kyau ga sauran shugabannin, ya dauki bangare a cikin da yawa yadda ake gudanar. Ya zuwa ƙetare Dnieper, Kiev da saki daruruwan ƙauyuka na dama-banki Ukraine.

Cif 3 Byelorussian Front

Oktoba 17, 1943 Biography of General Chernyakhovsky aka alama ta wani gagarumin taron. The jami'in aka bayar da suna Hero na Tarayyar Soviet a gare su ƙarfin hali a lokacin da suka haye Dnieper. Sa'an nan da jami'in da shekaru 37 da shekaru, da aka nada shugaban 3rd Belorussian Front. Ya zama ƙarami mutum a cikin Red Army, baiwa da irin wannan nauyi. Wannan irinta nasarar da aka samu ta hanyar aiki, ƙarfin hali kuma wit. Biography of General Chernyakhovsky, bisa manufa, taimakawa ƙwarai to wannan manufar.

A cikin sabon yankin Ivan Danilovich halarci da kwato muhimmanci birane kamar Vitebsk, Minsk da Vilnius. Chernyakhovsky koma ga wannan wuri inda ya gana da Great Patriotic War. Bayan da Tarayyar Soviet Baltic yankin da aka barrantar da invaders, da gaban mayar da su cikin ƙasa na Jamus.

mutuwa

Fabrairu 18, 1945 Chernyakhovsky zo karkashin wuta a motarsa. Haka ya faru a kan karkata birnin Melzak (located in Gabas Prussia). Tare da shi a cikin mota shi ne har yanzu 4 mutane, amma babu wani daga cikinsu da aka ji masa rauni. Akwai wani gagarumin lalacewar a mota.

Akwai shaida da cewa biography na Chernyahovskogo I. D. ba shi da wata dama don matsawa da sabis ko da kara. Alal misali, a Janar Headquarters da aka shirya ba da umarni a kan awarding masa lakabi da na Marshal na Tarayyar Soviet, amma bai kai ba mutuwa ba da damar umurnin mu buga takarda. Janar jiki da aka binne shi a Vilnius. Da yawa daga baya (a 1992) da shi da aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga ƙasar haihuwarsa, a Moscow.

A tunawa da Chernyakhovsk

Jim kadan bayan karshen yaki bayan Janar aka sake masa suna da Jamus birnin Insterburg, kira Chernyakhovsk. Ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa Tarayyar Soviet, kamar yadda ya kasance a Gabas Prussia (yanzu Kaliningrad yankin).

Janar Chernyakhovsky sirri rai da aka gaba daya subordinated ga sojojin da kuma yaki. Tare da matasa kasancewa a cikin sojojin, ya, Duk da haka, nasarar aure. The iyali yana da yara biyu - ɗa, da kuma 'ya mace. Personal rayuwa Chernyakhovsky sha'awar da yawa. Ya meteoric aiki dauki kashe, tsaya m shrapnel, da yawa detractors bayyana connection a GHQ. Amma shi ne haƙĩƙa, ba haka al'amarin. Sun soja ya kan dagi na da kalaman da wani, domin a kan Hauwa'u na yaki, da Red Army rasa da dama da suka kwamandojin da shugabanni a lokacin Stalin ta purges. Wõfintattu matsayi aka shagaltar a sakamakon m da talented, albeit matasa, sabon-tsara soja.

Biography Chernyakhovsky, wanda hotuna sukan kama a cikin yaki a shafukan Soviet jaridu, Mãdalla da abu don da yawa m littattafai. A tunawa da Janar kiyaye a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da kula na musamman, kazalika da duk abin da aka alaka cewa mummunan lokaci.