Shin mai shakka ne mutum mai shakka ko mai bincike a komai?

Hakanan kalmar "rashin shakka" tana nufin "oscillation, bincike, bincike". Babban ra'ayin wannan tsari a falsafanci shi ne musun gaskiyar ilmi. Mutum mai shakka shine mutumin da bai dauki gaskiya ba, ya fara tambayar shi. Da kallon farko, wannan matsayi ya zama maras tabbas kuma ba shi da kyau. Ya bayyana, a san ilimin kasancewa, ba za mu iya dogara da duk abin da aka yarda da shi ba, tun da za a iya tambayar su.

Irin skepticism

Bambanci tsakanin zumunta da cikakkun skepticism. Kwararren kullun shine halayyar falsafar zamani; Ya ƙaryata yiwuwar kowane ilmi a kowane lokaci. Mahimmancin rashin amincewa yana da muhimmanci a halin yanzu kuma yana cikin ƙin sanin ilimin falsafa. A kimiyya, shi ne mai ƙokwanto - ne engine na ci gaba, saboda ya rika kome ga cikakken gaskiya, ya aka neman ta, sosai dubawa kowane sanarwa.

Skepticism a matsayin ilimin falsafa

Skepticism wani cigaba ne a cikin falsafar zamanin Hellenistic. Makarantar ilimin falsafa na masu shakka sun kasance suna da matsayi na ainihi - duk ilmi ba shi da tushe. Wanda ya kafa wannan shugabanci a tsohuwar shine Pirron, wanda ya yi imani da shakkar dalilin ilimi. Ya ci gaba da tunani cewa ra'ayi ɗaya ba gaskiya ba ne da juna, tun da yake dukkanin ilimin ya zama dangi, kuma ba wanda zai iya bayyana wanda ya fi kusa da ainihin abubuwan, kuma wanda yake gaba.

Sharuɗɗa na asali na skepticism

Daga ra'ayin ilimin falsafa, mai shakka shine mutumin da yake biye da wadannan matsayi:

• Saboda masu tunani daban-daban suna da ra'ayin ra'ayi daban-daban, babu wanda za a iya kira da cikakken gaskiya;
• Ilimin mutum ya iyakance ne, sabili da haka babu wani hukunci na mutum wanda za'a iya dauka a matsayin gaskiya;
• Ilimin ɗan adam shine dangi, wanda ke nufin rashin rinjaye na jituwa akan sakamakon cognition. Mun fahimta ta hanyar ji, sabili da haka mun fahimci wannan abu ba da gangan ba, amma saboda sakamakon rinjayar hankalinmu.

Dattijan Roman na skepticism, Sextus Empiricus, a cikin tunaninsa ya tafi har yanzu ka'idar shakka ta yada zuwa tunaninsa.

Makasudin manufar m tsarin kulawa a cikin kimiyya shine daidaitattun mai bincike. Wannan yana nufin cewa, ta hanyar watsi da bin kowane hukuncinsu, mai tunani ya zama mai matukar damuwa wajen nazarin duniya da ke kewaye da shi, saboda haka yana samun natsuwa da farin ciki.

Hanyoyi masu kyau na skepticism

Idan duk abin da ba shi da tabbacin kuma ba ya ba da ilmi, menene mai shakka yake aiki? Muhimmancin wannan jagorancin a cikin cognition yana da mahimmanci a cikin gwagwarmaya da dogmatism. Idan kimiyya ta dogara akan abin da ake kira gaskiya marar kuskure, mai yiwuwa, ya riga ya mutu. Ƙwararriyar mahimmanci game da kowannensu, kowane gaskiyar da aka karɓa ya sa tunanin ya motsa wasu lokuta a cikin mafi tsattsauran ra'ayi, yana nuna sababbin alamu. Saboda haka, mai shakka - shi ne ba kawai m shiryayye cynic. Wannan zurfin tunani, wanda tambaya ya buɗe hanyar zuwa sabon ilmi.