A powered crane a cikin yanayi: halaye da kuma ban sha'awa facts

A cranes - tsuntsu, wanda an hada da songs, waqoqi da kuma yara labaru. Waɗannan su ne dogon kananan kafafu, beauties tare da dogon kunkuntar baki, an yi falala a kansu, kuma aka buga kurlykayuschie sauti a cikin iska, duk abin da bi ido a sararin sama a kowace bazara da kaka. A crane powered yayin da a Rasha ko wintering a kudancin kasashen, da aka bayyana a cikin wannan labarin.

Cranes da su iri

Gruiformes iyali tsuntsaye - daya daga cikin tsofaffin a Duniya. Sun bayyana a cikin wannan zamanin na cikin dinosaur (game 50-60 shekaru miliyan da suka wuce) a cikin nahiyar Amirka, inda zaunar farko a Asiya, sa'an nan Afrika da kuma sauran nahiyoyi.

Cranes iyali ya hada da 15 jinsin, wadda 7 live da kuma irin a Rasha, da yawa daga cikinsu suna da aka jera a matsayin miyagun. Wasu jinsunan ne migratory kuma yi ƙaura da farko na sanyi kakar, wasu suna zama a gida. Sun yi kama da, inda suke zaune da abin da ya ci cranes a cikin yanayi - wadannan tambayoyi zai iya jan hankalin duk masoya na bambance bambancen da kyau tsuntsaye.

m cranes

Wannan kyakkyawan manyan tsuntsaye (har zuwa 125 cm ba ga tsawo), duk zauna cikin warmer watanni a kan ƙasa na Rasha, Turai da Arewacin Asia. Wuraren kiwon irin cranes ne sosai bambancin da ba ya dogara ne a kan ƙasa, amma sun gina su yi sheƙarsu kawai a kan marshland. A Rasha, shi ne dausayi a cikin floodplains, a cikin gandun daji-steppe da steppe bangarori - lake daruna da fadamun rufe da ruwa da kuma ciyayi.

A yammacin Turai da cranes yawanci shirya a cikin wani karamin fadama kusa da masara filayen da kuma kusa da mutane. Wadannan tsuntsaye ne omnivorous, sabili da haka, abin da ya ci toka cranes, dangane da kakar. A lokacin rani da kuma bazara lokaci, suka ci kananan dabbobi, da Shellfish, berries, harbe na fadama shuke-shuke, da dama na kwari da su larvae. A cikin kaka na cranes tashi a kan filayen, ciyar a kudi na girma amfanin gona (alkama, da sha'ir, Peas, da kuma masara), karba sauran kananan dankali. Favorite kaka tasa - sabo sprouts na hunturu alkama.

White crane (Sterkh)

Siberian Crane - sosai rare jinsuna na iyali Cranes, da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi daga Rasha. Ya zaune da breeds a tundra a cikin yankunan Yakutia da Tyumen yankin, da kuma ga hunturu ya yi hijira zuwa Arewa Asia (China, India). Wannan mafi tsawo ake yin dusar ƙanƙara tsuntsu baki tare da ja, da girma har zuwa 140 cm, wingspan kai 2.3 m.

A farin crane ci dogara a kan wurin zama: a cikin tundra zuwa tabkuna da kuma Marshes ci kananan dabbobi (lemmings, beraye, voles), kifi, da kwari, ruwa shuke-shuke da kuma berries.

Wani lokacin farin cranes fashi: sata da kuma ci sabo ne qwai da kuma ko da kajin da sauran tsuntsaye. A lokacin wintering a Asiya sun ci tubers da rhizomes na ruwa shuke-shuke.

Dancing Japan crane

A mafi kyau tsuntsu na HALITTAR Cranes Japan Crane, wanda shekaru da yawa da yawan namun dajin a cikin International Red Littãfi. Bala'i ga tsuntsu hade tare da su habitats - Marshes da marshy fadamun a Japan tsibirin, wanda su ne batun m magudanun ruwa na mutane domin gina hanyoyi da kuma ƙauyuka. Wadannan tsuntsaye da ake samu lokaci-lokaci a Rasha da kuma kasar Sin.

Kwaɗi, kifi, kananan kwaro, kwari ne daban-daban - wancan ne abin da powered crane a fadama. Wannan tsuntsu ne sosai rare, kuma sunã mãsu jin tsõro, kuma haka yana da matukar wuya a ga.

Appearance ne da kyau sosai Crane: ta fari gashinsa ake motsi zuwa iyakar da fuka-fuki da wutsiya baki, duhu baki, kuma a saman - Red Riding Hood. Domin ta dadi kyau na Japan la'akari da wannan tsuntsu wani muhimmin alama ce a cikin al'adunsu, embodies da wadata da kuma dogon shekaru na rayuwa.

A mafi ƙwarai da kyau a cikin wannan tsuntsu - da sihiri dancing alfijir, a lokacin da cranes sa santsi dance motsa. Koran da babbar fuka-fuki, tsuntsu ya mutu, sa'an nan tsalle sama sauraron wa music kara a ciki.

Demoiselle

Belladonna - da karami a cikin size crane a duniya, ta ƙunshi har zuwa 200 dubu mutane a kasashe daban-daban (da kasashen tsakiya da gabashin Asia, Mongolia, Rasha) ..

Belladonna low girma (har zuwa 90 cm), wani akwati haske launin toka launi, da kuma kai da wuya - black. Bayan da idanu ne tufts na fari gashinsa, baki - rawaya, kananan. A cornea ne ido sabon abu mai haske orange launi.

Ba kamar sauran nau'in, belladonna rayuwa a bude yankunan da gajeren ciyawa: steppes, Semi-Hamada, savannas. Su rayayye radiyo da kuma shirya kai tsaye a kan arable ƙasar kusa ruwa (qarqashinsu, da waɗansu kõguna, kananan tabkuna, ungiyoyin yankunan).

Bugu da kari ga samar da hatsi filayen (kunnuwa ci gaba ɗaya), kadangaru da kwari, qwai da sauran tsuntsaye nesting - wancan ne abin da ciyarwa demoiselle a jeji, kazalika da dama da tsaba da kuma shuka sassa.

Gurbi demoiselle cikin jeji a kan ƙasa a cikin rami kewaye da twigs da kuma dung. Kids zauna tare da iyayensu har zuwa watanni 10.

American Crane Pastushkova

Akwai da dama iri cranes cewa gida da kuma zaune a Amurka nahiyar. A mafi asali na su - Aram. Yana da wani tsuntsu na iyali Pastushkova cranes kananan size (game da 66 cm) da launin ruwan kasa-zaitun kore gashinsa, da fuka-fuki, ƙirãza, da kasa na wuyansa - bakin ciki da farin ratsi. Aram sheƙarsu a rainforests da swamps na tsakiya da ta kudu da kuma Arewacin Amirka.

Ya bambanta da Turai jinsunan, Aram - crane, cin clams, mafi yawa katantanwa. A search na abinci, suna tafiya sannu a hankali ta hanyar da m ruwa, kiwon high ya dogon kafafu, da kuma zura a cikin ruwa, saboda ta na ƙwarai ji na wari, sãme shi a kan kasa. Grabbing da cochlea, suka deftly ja shi daga cikin harsashi, ci mafi Shellfish, da kuma rushe kwatami da baya cikin kandami.

Abin lura shi ne cewa Aram kajin, a akasin haka, da kadan katantanwa ci dama tare da kwatami, hadiya dukan. Bugu da kari, wadannan Zhuravliki da kuma cinye shuka abinci: wake da kuma sprouts na hatsi, berries, a Arewacin Amirka a matsayin cranberries, Tushen, tubers na daban-daban shuke-shuke. Daga sauran abinci - kwari (cikin ruwa da kuma nazarin sasannin), kananan dabbobi masu rarrafe da masu shayarwa, tsutsotsi - American abinci da Aram quite m idan aka kwatanta da, misali, abin da ya ci demoiselle a Turai.

Crane Indian (Antigone)

Shi ne mafi girma crane a duniya - da girma har zuwa 180 cm Color ash-m ko blue, da tukwici na fuka-fuki -. Black baki - kore, shugaban, wuyansa, kuma wani ɓangare na wuyansa ne ja fata da prickly bristles. Live irin cranes a Indiya, Nepal da kuma Pakistan.

Antigone gina sheƙarsu a cikin dazuzzuka ko a bude ƙasa, overgrown da tsayi ciyawa ko bushes, kusa da dausayi. Yawancin gida kunshi tushe located in fadama shuke-shuke kai tsaye a ruwa a cikin kududdufi ruwa ko kusa da kandami.

Tubers da kwararan fitila na shuke-shuke girma a cikin ruwa, ko kuma kusa da shi, a bit na kifi da kwaɗi - a nan ne jerin abin-powered crane Antigone. Mafi sau da yawa da suka tafi, ta hanyar da m ruwa, rarrafe, da digging sama daga kasa na sassa daban daban na shuke-shuke.

Ba kamar sauran nau'in, Antigone - zaunar crane, kada hijira tare da canji na yanayi, a ko'ina daga kujerun. Its yawan ne barga, don haka babu matsaloli da kuma tambayoyi daga masana kimiyyar, shi bai sa.

Australian crane (brolga)

Wannan crane ne sosai kama a bayyanar to takwaransa na kasar Indiya, shi ya bambanta kawai a cikin duhu canza launi da kuma kananan m spots a kai. Saboda wannan kama, ko da gogaggen masana dogon isa ya dame waɗannan biyu jinsuna.

Ba haka ba da dadewa brolga zauna a kan manyan yankunan da Australia da kuma tsibiran na New Guinea, amma ga dalilai yaduwa daga gonaki da ƙasar reclamation aiki crane aka bar fita daga al'ada mazauninsu. Yanzu akwai kawai karamin yawan wadannan tsuntsaye a jihar bakin teku wuraren Australia.

Gurbi-brolgi cranes a kan marshlands, yawanci cika da ruwa da kuma high overgrown tare da ciyawa da kuma ciyayi. Babban abinci: rhizomes da tubers na shuke-shuke girma a cikin ruwa da kuma kusa da tsuntsu haƙa daga kasa na kandami. Sun kuma ci kananan kifi, beetles, molluscs da halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, son tashi ya ciyar a kan gona filayen da shinkafa da masara. Duk na sama - yana da abin da ciyarwar da crane-brolga a Australia.

lashe crane

The sunan cranes samun for danko gashinsa a kai, kafa rawanin zinariya. Babban launi daga cikin launin gashi kai-da launin toka, fuka-fuki a saman na fari da na biyu chestnut ruwan kasa. Karkashin short baki kasa rataye ja "mazauni" na fata. Bird - mai haske da kuma kyau.

Lashe Crane kawaici a Afirka a cikin marshy filayen kwari, da kwaruruka na manyan koguna da tabkuna, wani lokacin da suka shirya kusa da mutane. Cranes gida a yankunan tsananin kare, ta hanyar da rawa da kururuwa. Matsakaitan abinci sun lashe - da sassa daban daban na shuke-shuke, tsaba, kananan dabbobi (kwari, kadangaru da dai sauransu) - wannan shi ne abin ciyarwar da crane a nahiyar Afrika.