Rundunar bayin - a wasu doka abokai

Na dogon lokaci a cikin irin wannan manufar 'ma'aikata "da" tarayya jami'an ", babu doka matsayi. Wadannan sharuddan ba gaba daya karatu da kuma ba su gani ba wani al'amari na gaskiya. A rashin ƙuduri na batun an kara ninkawa ta gaban questionnaires ma'aikata na rubũta jadawalai "zamantakewa matsayi", amsar da aka zaci kawai zaɓuɓɓuka: da baƙauye, ma'aikata da ma'aikata.
Saboda haka, an gane cewa jami'an - duk waɗanda suka iya ba a kunshe a cikin biyu sauran Categories (ma'aikata, manoma). Wannan category hada da ba wai kawai da ma'aikata na hukumomin gwamnati, amma kuma ba na gwamnati cibiyoyin.

Hamzari farar hula yanayi

A karshen hamsin na karni na 20th a adabi tsokanar ƙoƙarin substantiate wannan ra'ayi. A sakamakon haka, kusan dukkan marubuta ya yarda da ra'ayin cewa "ma'aikata" - shi ne wani ajali gane a cikin kunkuntar da kuma m ma'anarta.

Kayyade ta wannan ra'ayi dacewa dokar tarayya. Wannan doka daftarin aiki ya furta cewa, jami'an gwamnati - shi ne mutum da fasaha tsunduma a su ofishin a Game da matsayi, bayar da tasu gudunmuwar tabbatar da aiwatar da ikonsu na jihar jikin na Rasha Federation. Wadannan ma'aikata sami dace monetary ramuwa, tushen abin shi ne tarayya kasafin kudin ko da kasafin kudin da wani batu na Rasha.

Babban batutuwa na shari'a dangantakar

Jihar da kuma ma'aikata - ne biyu da batun da wasu jama'a-sabis dangantaka cewa an halin juna hažžoži da wajibai, hani da haramci, kazalika da sauran gyara na shari'a matsayi na wani ma'aikaci.

A jihar abubuwa a matsayin da m na jama'a bayin a matakin tarayya da kuma duk wani batu na Rasha Federation - kamar yadda wani aiki da ma'aikaci yana cikin kayadadden matakin.

The main iri ma'aikata dogara ne a kan irin mafi rayuwa: ƙungiyoyin, da tilasta doka da kuma soja.

Ãyõyin jama'a bayin

Kalmar "hidima" iya bayyana da dama halayen. Da fari dai, shi ne halitta mutum daga aiki shekaru, mallakan wani m jihar harshe, wanda yana da sana'a da ilimi da kuma dacewa cancantar, na dokokin ƙa'idar. Na biyu, ma'aikaci ne zamar masa dole ya bi tare da bukatun da tattalinsu na dacewa da dokokin. Na uku, da na musamman dokokin na tarayya, a tsare abun ciki na aiki matakin da ma'aikaci, kazalika da na wajibai, doka matsayi, hani, da nauyi, da kuma hane-hane safeguards. Huxu, ba da musamman dokokin da ma'aikaci ne sanya wa dace da take da daraja.

Summing up, ya kamata a lura da cewa daidai definition daga cikin yanayin da ma'aikata dole ne su kasance cikin prerogative na jihar. Saboda haka, yanzu hukunci ya ba da wannan ra'ayi ta karshe tsari daga doka ra'ayi.