Nukiliya likita: sana'a ga wanda nan gaba!

Daga cikin manyan asali sciences game da yanayin da rinjaye matsayi, ba shakka, nasa ne kimiyyar lissafi. Muna kewaye da jiki gawarwakin kewaye da mu zamanto jiki mamaki, da kuma mu kanmu wani bangare ne na wannan m tsari. A versatility na wannan filin na ilimi da wuya a overestimate, kamar yadda yana da wuya a saka iyãkõkin ta rarraba. Kusan duk mai rai da kuma ba da rai al'amari za a iya bayyana ta ta dokokin, kuma shi ne mai ban mamaki. Amma, watakila, mafi girma yawan asirai da kuma binciken fraught tare da makaman nukiliya kimiyyar lissafi.

A tarihin fitowan da kuma takamaiman sana'a

Wanda ya kasance mai nukiliya likita, abin da yake wannan sana'a? Don amsa wannan tambayoyi, shi wajibi ne su koma cikin da, a nuna na 19th kuma 20th ƙarni, a lokacin da zarra, da kuma masana kimiyya m aka gano tsarin da atomic tsakiya. The sosai guda nukiliya ko atomic kimiyyar lissafi - daya daga cikin yankunan da kimiyya, wanda ke karanta zarra, da tsarin da kaddarorin, makaman nukiliya dauki, rediyoaktif lalata da kuma more. A farko irin makaman nukiliya likita, ko da yake wannan lokaci ba tukuna zama, - Faransa masanin kimiyya Becquerel. Shi ne ya yi, na ci gaba da girma Roentgen ta gwaje-gwajen, ya gano radioactivity matsayin wani jiki sabon abu. Sauran shahara physicists da lissafi - ma'aurata Curie - ya ci gaba da karatu, samun polonium da radium. Invaluable taimako ga nazarin wannan sabon abu ya kawo Rutherford, ma'ana saboda mutane da yawa da shekaru su zo da babban hanyoyi na jiki kimiyya.

Fara, kamar yadda suka faɗa, aka sa shi. Kuma na farko da rabi na karni na 20th ya faru a karkashin tutar karatu da kaddarorin kwayoyin halitta, atomic makamashi, ta hallakaswa da m sojojin. A atomic tsakiya, da proton da neutron kamar yadda ta babban aka gyara sun janyo hankalin da hankali ba kawai don lissafin kimiyya, amma kuma chemists, masana kimiyyar, lissafi, likitoci, masu gyara, wanda da gudummawar da zargin sabon masana'antu da kuma kimiyya tarbiyya alaka da core. A nukiliya kimiyyar lissafi ne a hankali canza kama zuwa wani m reshe, wanda ya kunshi irin wannan sassan kamar:

• neutron.
• nukiliya halayen.
• na farko barbashi.
• Nukiliya spectroscopy da sauransu.

Daga qarshe, domin yin nazarin yadda sakamakon radiation a kan yanayi da kuma yadda za a sarrafa thermonuclear halayen, abin da ya yi tare da sharar nukiliya, da yadda ya kamata da kuma a amince aiki nukiliya ikon shuke-shuke da kuma kowane irin Fusion shuke-shuke, da kuma an "halitta" da sana'a na likita -yaderschik.

The aiki na kwararru - don gane kurakurai da kuma kawar da tushen haddasawa. Sana'a na bukatar shi sosai, sauti ilmi da kyau kwarai msar tambayar da m horo. A yankunan da iyawa hada da, ban da muhimman hakkokin Concepts, ilimi reactor na'urorin, su aiki da fasaha, da ikon gane asali da kuma aiki tare da musamman na'urorin da yafi. Yana da wani nukiliya likita ya ƙarasa da cewa, a matsayin wani nukiliya reactor ne aiki da kuma shi ne tsabtace muhalli mai lafiya. Ya yanke shawarar da ya fara, ko dakatar da Rector, barin aiki a wannan taki ko sake yi.

bigiren

Nukiliya likita sana'a a bukatar, musamman a cikin ilmi-m masana'antu kamar nukiliya ikon shuka aiki a kimiyya da bincike da kuma gwaji dakunan gwaje-gwaje, jami'o'i, da dai sauransu