Kwayar load a cutar HIV da kuma hepatitis C: yi

Daya daga cikin mafi tsanani cututtuka na yau ne da mutum immunodeficiency cutar (HIV). Abin baƙin ciki, a kowace shekara da yawan kamuwa da mutane na karuwa ne. A baya can shi aka yi imani da cewa cutar HIV bazu cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi addicts da 'yan luwadi. A halin yanzu, cutar ta auku a cikin mutane daga daban-daban dabam. Ciki har da tsakanin jarirai. A karshe mataki na Pathology dauke samu immunodeficiency ciwo (AIDS). Ba ya kawo ciwo mai tsanani, dole ne ka kullum saka idanu da marasa lafiya da kuma daidaita magani. Don wannan karshen, wannan wani bincike ne da za'ayi, kwayar load. Yana ba ka damar kimanta mataki na cutar. Bugu da kari, wannan gwajin da aka yi don ƙayyade kara lura dabarun.

Me ciyar da kwayar kaya?

Kamar yadda aka sani, ƙwayoyin cuta an hada da DNA ko RNA kwayoyin. Nucleic acid sun dauki kayyade abu. Kwayar load - wani gwajin da aka yi domin sanin adadin RNA da pathogen a cikin jini. Wannan binciken da za a iya yi a cikin daban-daban pathological jihohi. Daga cikin su - HIV, hepatitis B, kuma C, herpes, cytomegalovirus , da dai sauransu Wannan bincike dogara ba kawai a kan adadin kwayoyin abu ne jini, amma mataki na cutar ... Wannan shi ne, kwayar kaya ne da wani ma'auni na cuta mai tsanani. A lissafi ne da za'ayi da kimantawa RNA kofe da 1 ml na jini jini. Domin sanin kwayar kaya mai yiwuwa ne kawai a dakunan gwaje-gwaje na musamman. Akwai hanyoyin da dama na yin wannan binciken. Mafi na kowa aka dauke su da polymerase sarkar dauki (PCR). Ta hanyar bincike da kulawa da bayyana yadda azumi da cutar aiwatar ci gaba. Tare da shi, a zabi sashi medicaments, da kuma kayyade hangen nesa.

Tabbatar da dalilin da rigakafi da matsayi na HIV

Kwayar load a HIV taimaka wajen gudanar da bincike da rigakafi da matsayi na haƙuri. Ga marasa lafiya, wannan adadi da aka rage. By fassara da na rigakafi da matsayi za a iya hukunci a kan jihar na jiki ta defenses. A nuna alama hada da wani jam'i na gwada yawa da kuma gwajin kwari halaye. Don sanin rigakafi matsayi na mutum, aka gudanar da dama m, saukarwa. Daga cikin su:

1. Tarin gunaguni da anamnesis. Sai dai itace mita na dauke da kwayar cutar pathologies (SARS, herpes, fungal), dauki zuwa lamba, magani abubuwa.
2. Tabbatar da dalilin da adadin jini rigakafi Kwayoyin. Wadannan su ne farin jini Kwayoyin, lymphocytes, monocytes da granulocytes.
3. Kisa na musamman dakin gwaje-gwaje gwaje-gwaje. Daga cikin su - kwayar kaya gwajin.

Next mataki ne da za'ayi immunoassay. Ya unshi kayyade abun ciki na T- da B-lymphocytes, immunoglobulins, na rigakafi cell rabe. HIV musamman muhimmancin da aka ba wa taro na CD4 a cikin jini. Wannan tsoka mai amsa sigina tsaro Kwayoyin - T mataimaki Kwayoyin. Cewa suna shafa immunodeficiency cutar. Bayan duk matakai suna da za'ayi bincike na bayanai. Saboda haka, likita sa a ƙarshe game da rigakafi da matsayi.

Kwayar kaya na HIV: Manuniya. Kullum da kuma Pathology

HIV a rigakafi matsayi, akwai alama canje-canje. Kwayar load wani binciken domin sanin ko wani mutum da aka kamuwa. Kullum da pathogen kayyade abu (RNA) a cikin jiki kada ta kasance. Wannan shi ne wani m mutum da yawan kwayar barbashi ne sifili. A wasu lokuta, wannan adadi za a iya dan kadan karu. Alal misali, idan wani mutum yana da wani m rigakafi Pathology, mai tsanani koda cuta ko endocrine gland. Duk da haka, kwayar kaya na HIV ne daban-daban daga wadannan Manuniya, a can ya kasance sauran cututtuka. A cikin hali na immunodeficiency ciwo, za ta zama mafi girma. Ta yaya domin sanin mataki na cutar da taimakon wannan binciken? Menene kwayar load a HIV Figures? A kullum shi ne kasa da dubu 20 kofe a 1 ml na jini. Idan samu darajar ne mafi girma, wannan yana nufin cewa shi ne dole a canja magani regimen. Nuna alama kwayar kaya fiye da dubu 500, kofe na HIV a 1 ml na magani ya nuna marigayi mataki cutar kanjamau (AIDS).

Godiya ga wannan gwajin Hanyar likita mahukunta a kan yadda za a ci gaba da Pathology. Tare da gabatarwar da yi gwajin for kwayar kaya, masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa irin wannan cututtuka kamar HIV, ba tsaya har yanzu. Maganin (ARV) far iya rage kwafi na RNA da pathogen. Nazarin kamar na rigakafi da matsayi da kuma kwayar kaya ne da muhimmanci ba kawai don magani amma kuma ga hangen nesa da cutar. Idan yawan HIV kofe a 1 ml na jini ya wuce 100,000, shi da shaida a kawo karshen-mataki cuta. A gabatarwar da wannan bincike a yarda a sarrafa mutum immunodeficiency cutar. Yana yana da za'ayi ba kawai ga marasa lafiya, amma kuma ya'yan da aka haifa da cutar uwayenku, kazalika da lafiya mutane da ake zargin yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta.

Kwayar kaya: na kullum ga hepatitis C.

Wani kowa da kuma kawo hadari Pathology dauke hepatitis C. The cutar da ake kira "m kisa" saboda shi rinjayar da jiki domin shekaru masu yawa. Na dogon lokaci, hepatitis C ba bayyana kanta. Saboda haka sau da yawa mutane ba su ma zargin cewa an kamu da wannan mummunan cutar. A causative wakili ne ingested parenteral hanya, watau ta cikin jini. A mafi yawan lokuta, wannan ya auku a lokacin likita hanyoyin (hakori, gynecological, kyakkyawa jiyya). Har ila yau abnormality auku a mutanen da suka allurar miyagun kwayoyi.

Kwayar kaya na hepatitis C da aka nuna ga dukan marasa lafiya. Kamar yadda a yanayin saukan cutar HIV, yana taimaka domin sanin adadin kwayoyin abu na pathogen a cikin jini. Yadda aka saba, a can ya kamata ba kofe na virus. A gwajin da a mutum marasa lafiya bayyana nawa mutum ne mai hadarin gaske ga wasu, kazalika don kimanta sakamakon da magani. Bayan ganewa na cututtuka a wani wuri mataki zai yiwu dawo. Don tabbatar da tasiri na far, yin bincike a cikin kwayar load. A irin wannan binciken gudanar a gano antigens na HCV.

Kwafi bincike na kwayar load a hepatitis C.

Kwayar load a hepatitis C auna a Iu / ml. A low abun ciki na pathogen a jikin shaida a kan adequacy na magani da kuma mai kyau hangen nesa. A wannan adadi zai kasance a cikin kewayon daga 600 zuwa 3 x 10 ⁴ raka'a ^{a kan} 1 ml magani. Idan ya wuce wannan darajar, shi wajibi ne don canja magani regimen. By kara RNA kwafin zuwa 8 x 10 ⁴ Iu / ml sakamakon da aka kiyasta a matsayin talakawan viremia. A cikin akwati inda adadi sama, ya nuna ganewar asali "hepatitis C tsanani mataki." A lokaci guda akwai wani shan kashi na ciki gabobin, wanda bayyana kanta asibiti. Wannan mataki ne mai m rashin lafiya.

Sau nawa ya kamata kwayar kaya gwajin?

Binciken a kan kwayar kaya ne da za'ayi a cikin ganewa na antibodies zuwa hepatitis C cutar ko HIV. Bugu da kari, cikin bincike da aka yi ga dukan marasa lafiya da suke kan dispensary da pathologies data. Dates na kwayar kaya dogara a kan haƙuri da yanayin. Analysis aka yi 1 lokaci a kowace shekara a lokacin da ake stabilized. Idan haƙuri na'am da antiviral da kwayoyi, da kimantawa na da tasiri na magani ya kamata a yi kowane watanni 3. Har ila yau, bincike yi a haƙuri da janar jihar deterioration.

A dabaru na kwayar kaya gwajin

Kwayar kaya ne da za'ayi a cikin 3 hanyoyi. Mafi sau da yawa ya yi PCR. Yana ba ka damar gano antibodies da cutar. Har ila yau, aiki branched sarkar DNA. Wannan gwajin ne kasa m. An gudanar a matsayin nunawa, kazalika da tabbatar da ganewar asali (amma ba ga gyara da magani). Wani daidai da araha hanyar gano pathogen ne RNA kwafi karawa Hanyar.

Kuskure a lokacin da kwayar kaya

Duk da cewa duk hanyoyin da kayyade kwayar kaya isasshe tasiri, wani ba daidai ba sakamakon mai yiwuwa ne. The kurakurai a cikin bincike ne kiyaye a daidai jini daukan samfur, ta gurbatawa, kazalika da take hakkin da yanayi na ajiya. Arya korau sakamakon iya zama a cikin watannin farko bãyan ƙulla da cutar. Saboda haka, a lokuta da ake zargi da kamuwa da cuta da binciken da ya kamata a maimaita bayan watanni shida.

A ina zan iya a gwada wa kwayar kaya?

Kwayar kaya binciken da aka za'ayi a musamman dakunan gwaje-gwaje, wanda da zama dole kayan aiki. Inji for PCR suna sanye take AIDS cibiyoyin, kazalika da wasu masu zaman kansu bincike cibiyoyin.