Xenobiotics da kuma mutane. A mataki na xenobiotics. Rinjayar xenobiotics a kan mutane. Xenobiotics - cewa ...

Tare da ci gaban masana'antu al'umma, akwai wani canji a cikin samuwar na biosphere. A yawa na kasashen waje abubuwa, waxanda suke da samfurin na mutum aiki, a cikin muhalli. A sakamakon haka, da suka shafi cikin rayuwar dukkan halitta mai rai kwayoyin, ciki har da namu.

Menene xenobiotics?

Xenobiotics - ne roba abubuwa da aiki sãɓa wa wani kwayoyin. Wannan kungiyar hada da sharar gida masana'antu ayyukan, iyali nufi (powders, dishwashing), kayan gini da sauransu. D.

A manyan yawan xenobiotics - abubuwa da bugun sama da zargin da amfanin gona. Yana da muhimmanci sosai ga aikin noma, da kara amfanin gona jure daban-daban kwari, kazalika da bayar da shi mai kyau look. Don cimma wannan sakamako, yi amfani da magungunan kashe qwari, waxanda suke da dan hanya zuwa ga jiki.

Kayan gini, adhesives, Paints, iyali kayayyakin, sinadirai masu kari - duk wadannan xenobiotics. Ciki da wannan kungiyar, Oddly isa, da kuma wasu nazarin halittu kwayoyin, kamar ƙwayoyin cuta, kwayoyin, pathogenic fungi, tsutsotsi.

Kamar yadda xenobiotics aiki a jiki?

Abubuwa da dan hanya zuwa dukan abubuwa masu rai, adversely shafi yawa tafiyar matakai na rayuwa. Alal misali, nauyi karafa iya dakatar da aiki na membrane tashoshi lalata aikin muhimmanci sunadaran gurgunta da plasmalemma da cell bango, sa rashin lafiyan halayen.

Duk wani kwayoyin wasu har an saba da kau da guba poisons. Duk da haka, da manyan taro na abu ba za a iya cire gaba daya. Ions na karafa, mai guba kwayoyin da inorganic abubuwa ƙarshe tara a cikin jiki da kuma bayan wani lokaci (sau da yawa da dama bayan shekaru) gubar da pathologies, cututtuka, allergies.

Xenobiotics - poisons. Suna iya shigar da narkewa kamar tsarin, numfashi tsarin da kuma ko da ta hanyar m fata. shigar da hanyar dogara da jihar tari, tsarin da al'amarin, kazalika da muhalli da yanayi.

Ta hanyar hanci rami tare da iska ko kura shiga cikin jikin gaseous hydrocarbons, ethyl da methyl alcohols, acetaldehyde, hydrogen chloride, da Eter, acetone. Kamar yadda tsarin narkewa kamar shiga phenols, cyanides, nauyi karafa (gubar, chromium, da baƙin ƙarfe, cobalt, jan, Mercury, thallium, antimony). Ya kamata a lura cewa abubuwa kamar baƙin ƙarfe ko cobalt, dole ga jiki, amma abun dole ba wuce a dubbai a cikin dari. A hakan allurai da suka ma sa wani mummunan sakamako.

rarrabuwa na xenobiotics

Xenobiotics - yana da ba kawai sunadarai kwayoyin da inorganic asalin. Don wannan kungiya ne, kuma nazarin halittu dalilai, kamar ƙwayoyin cuta, kwayoyin, pathogenic fungi da protists, helminths. Oddly isa, amma irin wannan jiki mamaki kamar yadda amo, vibration, radiation, haskoki, kuma ya kamãta da xenobiotics.

Bisa ga sinadaran abun da ke ciki na dukkan poisons kasu kashi:

1. Organic (phenols, alcohols, hydrocarbons, aldehydes da ketones, halogenated ethers, da sauransu. D.).
2. Sinadarin-kwayoyin (kwayoyin phosphorus, Organic Mercury da sauransu).
3. A inorganic (karafa da su oxides, acid, sansanonin).

A asalin sinadaran xenobiotics ya kasu kashi da wadannan kungiyoyin:

1. Masana'antu.
2. Household.
3. Aikin gona.
4. Guba abubuwa.

Me xenobiotics shafi kiwon lafiya?

A bayyanar kasashen waje abubuwa a cikin jiki iya tsanani shafi ta yi. Karuwan taro na xenobiotics take kaiwa zuwa pathologies canje-canje a cikin DNA matakin.

Rigakafi - daya daga cikin manyan m shinge. Rinjayar xenobiotics iya yada wa tsarin na rigakafi, hana al'ada aiki na lymphocytes. A sakamakon haka, wadannan Kwayoyin suna aiki yadda ya kamata, wadda take kaiwa zuwa wani weakening na kariya da kwayoyin da kuma fitowan da allergies.

A genome daga cikin sel m da sakamakon wani mutagen. Xenobiotics, iya shiga cikin cell, na iya rushe da al'ada tsarin na DNA da RNA, wadda take kaiwa zuwa maye gurbi. Idan yawan manyan abubuwan da suka faru, hadarin tasowa ciwon daji bayyana.

Wasu poisons aiki selectively a kan manufa sashin jiki. Saboda haka, ya zama ruwan dare neurotrophic xenobiotics (Mercury, gubar, manganese, carbon disulfide), Gematotropnye (benzene, arsenic, phenylhydrazine) hepatotropic (magni hydrocarbons), nephrotropic (cadmium mahadi da sunadarin flourine, ethylene glycol).

Xenobiotics da mutane

Tattalin arziki da kuma masana'antu da ayyukan detrimental zuwa adam kiwon lafiya saboda da manyan adadin sharar gida, sunadarai, magunguna. Xenobiotics yanzu samu kusan ko'ina, kuma ta haka ne da alama na su shigar da jiki ne ko da yaushe high.

Duk da haka, ya fi iko xenobiotics, wanda aka same ko'ina mutum - wannan magani. Pharmacology a matsayin kimiyya karatu da sakamako na kwayoyi a kan rayayyun kwayoyin halitta. A cewar masana, xenobiotics wannan asalin suna cikin hanyar 40% na hepatitis, kuma shi ne wani daidaituwa: babban aikin da hanta ne a kau da gubobi. Saboda haka, jiki mafi shafi high allurai magani.

Rigakafin guba

Xenobiotics - shi, Ba'ajame ne zuwa ga jiki abu. A jikin mutum ya ɓullo da wani yawan madadin hanyoyin da za a cire wadannan gubobi. Misali, guba za a iya neutralized da kuma cire ta hanta a cikin muhalli ta hanyar numfashi, excretory tsarin, sebaceous, gumi kuma ko da ƙirãza.

Duk da wannan, mutumin da ya kamata ta dauki matakai domin rage cutarwa sakamakon poisons. Da farko, dole ne ka a hankali zabi da abinci. "E" rukuni na Additives ne karfi xenobiotics, don haka sayan irin kayayyakin da ya kamata a kauce masa. Ba lallai ba ne kawai a cikin bayyanar za a zabi 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu. Koyaushe kula da ranar karewa, watau. A. Bayan ta ƙarewar a cikin samfurin samar poisons.

Ko da yaushe daraja sani ma'aunin miyagun ƙwayoyi. Hakika, domin tasiri magani sau da yawa shi ne zama dole bukata, amma ka tabbata cewa shi bai ci gaba a cikin tsanaki ba dole ba amfani da magunguna.

Kauce wa yin aiki tare da m reagents, allergens, daban-daban roba abubuwa. Rage girma da sakamako na iyali sunadarai a kan kiwon lafiya.

ƙarshe

Shi ne ba ko da yaushe zai yiwu don tsayar da cutarwa sakamakon xenobiotics. Wani lokaci su tara a manyan yawa, zama wani lokaci bam. Wani ke jiki da abubuwa masu cutarwa ga kiwon lafiya, wadda take kaiwa zuwa cin gaban cututtuka.

Sabõda haka ku tuna game da m m matakan. Za ka iya ba lura da wani mummunan sakamako nan da nan, amma bayan 'yan shekaru na xenobiotics iya kai ga tsanani sakamakon. Kada ka manta game da shi.