Myxedema: haddasawa da kuma bayyanar cututtuka, magani. thyroid cuta

A thyroid gland shine yake - wani muhimmin sashin jiki na endocrine. Its main aiki ne wajen samar da takamaiman hormones (triiodothyronine, thyroxine), wanda sarrafa metabolism na jikin mutum da kuma shafi duk tsarin na jiki. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu duba wata cuta kamar yadda myxedema. Sanadin da kuma bayyanar cututtuka ma za a bayyana.

Mene ne myxedema?

Thyroid cuta sa da ci gaban da biyu syndromes. Production na hormones iya kara - wani ciwo na hyperthyroidism. Duk da haka, mafi muhimmanci ne akan rage thyroid hormones, shi ne ake kira hypothyroidism.

Myxedema - matsananci mataki na hypothyroidism. Wannan yanayin ne halin da kumburi da mucous nama. Saboda rashin thyroid hormones a kyallen takarda tara polysaccharide sharan cewa jawo hankalin ruwa. Yadudduka ma suna cike da ruwa, da kuma tasowa mucosal edema.

Mene ne dalilin myxedema?

Myxedema iya faruwa a kowane zamani. Mata fama da wannan cuta mafi sau da yawa fiye da maza, da ya faru na myxedema su sau da yawa tafiya tare menopause. Na musamman muhimmancin ne hypothyroidism a jarirai da kuma kananan yara. Saboda da slowing na metabolism zai lalace da kuma ta jiki ci gaba da yaro ta psyche. Idan hypothyroidism ne m (tare da aplasia ko hypoplasia na prostate) da kuma ba a bi, akwai cretinism - musamman nau'i na shafi tunanin mutum retardation a yara.

A adult myxedema hanyar rauni thyroid gland shine yake - hypothyroidism ake kira primary. Duk da haka, aikin da pituitary gland shine yake controls da TSH - thyroid-haramta motsa hormone. Saboda haka, idan aikin da aka gaji da damuwa da pituitary (ƙari jini cuta, rauni, nakasar cututtuka) ya auku sakandare hypothyroidism. Very rare zurfi hypothyroidism sa da take hakkin da hypothalamus aiki.

Lokacin da cuta "myxedema" haddasawa da kuma bayyanar cututtuka m.

Saboda haka, babban Sanadin myxedema wadannan:

• atrophic matakai a cikin thyroid.
• kumburi da prostate gland shine yake (thyroiditis).
• ƙaruwa.
• rauni.
• kau na prostate kyallen takarda (tiyata domin lura da hyperthyroidism).
• radiation daukan hotuna.
• magani na aidin radionuclides.
• rashin aidin daga abinci.
• shan wasu magungunan (amiodarone, corticosteroids, tireostatiki).
• cututtuka (musamman mata masu juna biyu).
• kwakwalwa rauni da cuta da sauransu.

A sakamakon haka, shi yana iya ci gaba myxedema. Sanadin da kuma cututtuka suna da muhimmanci a lõkacin da zabar wani magani.

Mene ne bayyanar cututtuka tare da myxedema?

Tun thyroid hormones shafi duk tsarin na jiki, da kuma bayyananen na myxedema dabam- dabam suke.

A tsanani rashi na thyroid hormones wani mutum yakan mallaki halayyar bayyanar - kafa "myxedema fuska." Face edema, kumburi ne mafi furta a kan eyelids, da lebe. A fata ne kodadde, yana da wani jaundiced, sanyi ga tabawa, kwasfa kashe, akwai asarar girare, gashin idanu da kuma gashi a kansa. Disrupted fuska tsokoki - fuskanci immobile, shi ne sha'aninsu dabam look.

Juyayi tsarin da aka bayyana a cikin hankali canji. Yunkuri zama uncoordinated, listless. Akwai ciki. Poor bayanai, ana riskarsa daga waje, Just m dauki ga events ko sha'aninsu dabam. Alama drowsiness, rage ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da kuma hankali. Slurred jawabin da braked.

Alama hawa da sauka a cikin jini, yawanci zuwa ƙasa. Disrupted zuciya tsoka, rage-rage zuciya rate - kafa "myxedema zuciya." Mamaki da kuma narkewa kamar tsarin - akwai na kullum maƙarƙashiya, disturbances na mota aiki na biliary fili.

Mucosal edema tasowa.

Rage numfashi damar huhu, sakamakon lokaci na da ciwon barci apnea. Bugu da kari, a kusa da huhu sau da yawa shi accumulates m cewa ma disrupts numfashi. Wannan sabon abu ne da ake kira "myxedema poliserozita".

Duk wani karu a ci, da mãsu haƙuri myxedema tasowa kiba, dagagge jini cholesterol ne m. Rage ji, akwai hoarseness, illa hanci numfashi. Sau da yawa ci gaba anemia saboda baƙin ƙarfe rashi ko folic acid. To, kana bukatar mai kyau endocrinologist.

Mata sau da yawa lalace hailar sake zagayowar, rage haihuwa da kuma libido. Faruwa amosanin gabbai, kashi nama ne tsautsayi a alli, don haka sauki ta samar da samu karaya. A yara lagging a baya a ci gaban da kuma ci gaba idan aka kwatanta da da takwarorinsu.

Abin da irin bincike ne da za'ayi m?

A da kyau endocrinologist riga a cikin bayyanar da haƙuri iya nufin wani ganewar asali myxedema. Duk da haka, domin in bayyana maku da Sanadin cutar, kazalika da definition na dabara na lura shi ne wajibi ne don gudanar da wani yawan karatu. Ganewar asali myxedema a general ba wuya.

Ware babban da kuma karin bincike hanyoyin. Basic hanyoyin iya gane myxedema, da kuma mataimaki hanyoyin da ake amfani da su bincika don haddasawa da kuma bayyana nau'i na cutar.

Domin binciken za a iya isa a wadannan adireshi: Moscow, titi Dmitry Ulyanov, 11. Cibiyar Endocrinology aikin da wadannan bincike hanyoyin:

1. Basic:

• wani asibiti jarrabawa da wani likita, wani endocrinologist.
• wani jini gwajin for TSH da free thyroxine.

2. Accessories:

• Thyroid duban dan tayi.
• scintigraphy da radioisotopes.
• thyroid nama biopsy.
• ganewa na musamman antibodies zuwa thyroid Kwayoyin.

Yana ambaton cikin kowane daga cikin bincike?

Kudin shiga ne m endocrinologist.

Doctor nazarin, palpates da kuma kasa kunne ga kayan ciki (zuciya, huhu). bayyanar cututtuka bayyana a sama iya ƙwarai taya likita a cikin bincike search.

A analysis saukar da wani rage na jini matakan free thyroxine, amma mafi muhimmanci ya karu ganewa na TSH. Ware subclinical hypothyroidism, wanda aka ba tare da wani bayyanar cututtuka da kuma aka gano mafi sau da yawa da hatsari. Yana ƙãra matakin TSH ne na farko "ƙararrawa kararrawa" dangane da ci gaban da hypothyroidism da myxedema musamman.

duban dan tayi

Thyroid duban dan tayi damar gani na daban-daban samuwar a prostate nama (nodes, ƙari calcification). Wannan hanya da aka dauke su da sauki yi da kuma gwada m lokacin da shi m isa. Idan samu myxedema, magani ya kamata a nan da nan.

scintigraphy

Jigon da radionuclide scintigraphy shi ne gabatarwar rediyoaktif isotopes na aidin intravenously da kimantawa ta jari a cikin thyroid nama, musamman a cikin ta rarraba da kuma ta yarda. Idan duban dan tayi likita zai iya kimanta kawai tsarin da gland shine yake, shi ne kiyasta ta aiki scintigraphy. Idan akwai wata cuta "myxedema", sa'an nan da mutum ne sau da yawa alama ta rage jari na aidin shirye-shirye na gida ko yaxuwa. Bugu da ari siffofin yin amfani da wannan hanya da aka kiyasta halin yanzu magani daga daban-daban ciwon daji cututtuka.

biopsy

A biopsy na thyroid gland shine yake ya shafi Samfur wani yanki na masana'anta da musamman needles for biopsy. Daga bisani, an hõre microscopic da histochemical karatu. Wannan ba ka damar gano cututtuka daban-daban a salon salula matakin da ya gane da ƙari tsari.

Tabbatar da dalilin da antibodies da thyroid nama yakan mallaki da muhimmancin idan akwai wani kwakkwaran dalili ba myxedema. Yana da muhimmanci a san cewa a al'ada thyroid gland shine yake ba sa da samuwar m sunadarai, saboda da iyaka Layer na connective nama. Amma a wasu cututtuka na kwantena shi zama sirara, da nono nama a lamba tare da rigakafi Kwayoyin. Saboda haka, da antibody samar da prostate Kwayoyin, wanda hana ta aiki, ba tare da canza tsarin.

Mene ne lura da myxedema?

Karbar wani endocrinologist kafin fara far ne m.

Jiyya myxedema uncomplicated kuma shi ne hormone maye far dalilai. Duk da haka, ka sani cewa don mayar da aikin na gland shine yake kanta sau da yawa ba zai yiwu, saboda haka, gwamnatin da kwayoyi ne m da kuma rayuwa. Inganta a cikin yanayin auku bayan 2-3 makonni na aikace-aikace na musamman wajen.

Reliever amfani da kwayoyi L-thyroxine ( "Levothyroxine", "Eutiroks") da kuma analogs daga gare ta. Wadannan kwayoyi su ne roba musanya ga halitta thyroid hormone. Kashi zaba likita daidaiku a kowane hali.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa wani yawan abin sama da miyagun ƙwayoyi iya haifar da akasin myxedema - hyperthyroidism, da kuma rashin kashi bã ya da wani sakamako a duk. Yarda da sauran kwayoyi kuma iya rage sha, ko don bugun sama da metabolism na L-thyroxine, don haka da bukatar tuntubar sauran masana a hade magani.

A ina zan iya tafi neman taimako?

A cutar za a iya zargin likita a lokacin wani jiki jarrabawa. Duk da haka, lura da myxedema daukawa endocrinologist a cikin na musamman asibitoci. Yana iya zama birane ko endocrinological sashen na shiyya asibitoci. Domin gudanar da hadaddun hanyoyin jarrabawa na marasa lafiya ne sau da yawa nufi ga bincike da ci gaban cibiyoyin a cikin manyan birane. Daya daga cikin wadannan abubuwa ne "Endocrinology Research Center" (Moscow, ul. Dmitry Ulyanov, 11). Cibiyar Endocrinology san cewa akwai taimako da magani daga myxedema da kuma sauran cututtuka na m masana, don gudanar da hadaddun bincike da warkewa hanyoyin.

Menene hangen nesa?

A general, myxedema (haddasawa da kuma bayyanar cututtuka bayyana) - quite correctable yanayin. Magani gaba daya gusar da sama-da aka bayyana cututtuka. Duk da haka, gazawar don magance ga likita, da kuma gazawar to bi kwatance zai iya haifar da m sakamakon.