Jijiyoyin bugun gini malformation: haddasawa, cututtuka da bincike da kuma jiyya

Idan a cikin aiwatar da tayi ci gaba ne disrupted da samuwar da jijiyoyi, da jijiyoyin bugun gini malformation aka kafa. Wannan shi ne wani ba daidai ba dangane da jijiyoyinmu kuma jijiyoyi, wanda bayyana kanta a samartaka. Yana duk farawa da ciwon kai, migraines da kuma seizures. A tsanani lokuta, yara da seizures.

definition

jijiyoyin bugun gini tsarin ya bambanta a ko'ina cikin jijiyoyi. Wasu suna thicker, wasu suna tuhumar bango, wasu da bawuloli, amma dukansu suna da alaka da juna ta wani kebantaccen jerin. Idan saboda wasu dalilai da kafa yanayin da jerin aka karya, da conglomerates suna kafa convoluted tasoshi, ya kira malformations.

Yawanci, wannan nakasar cuta na unknown dalili. Yana auku a goma sha tara daga wani ɗari da dubu jarirai a kowace shekara. Zai iya sa malformation sata ciwo, damfara da laka da kuma kwakwalwa nama, don samar da aneurysm da kuma haifar da wani bugun jini da kuma hemorrhage meninges. Mafi sau da yawa rikitarwa faruwa a wani balagagge shekaru, bayan shekara arba'in.

rarrabuwa

Akwai da dama siffofin da za a iya dauka a jijiyoyin bugun gini malformation. Domin su amfaninsa amfani soma a shekara ta 1996 da American rarrabuwa ISSVA. Its bambanci daga wasu sukayi fassara - rabuwar duk anomalies a marurai malformations.

1. Jijiyoyin bugun gini marurai:
   - infantile hemangioma (bayyana a cikin shimfiɗar jariri).
   - nakasar hemangioma.
   - bunchy hemangioma.
   - veretenopodobnaya hemangioendothelioma.
   - kaposhiformnaya hemangioendothelioma.
   - samu da ƙari.
2. malformations:
   - capillary (telangiectasias, angoikeratomy).
   - venous (harben, glomangioma, Mafuchchi ciwo).
   - Lymph.
   - jijiya.
   - arteriovenous.
   - a hade.

Malformation na jijiyoyinmu

Venous Malformation ne mahaukaci cin gaban jijiya, bi da su pathological tsawo. Shi ne ya fi kowa tsakanin iri daban-daban malformations. Wannan cuta ne nakasar ba, amma iya bayyana kanta a cikin shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma a cikin adulthood. Canja wurin da tasoshin iya zama wani abu: a juyayi na tsari, ciki gabobin, fata, kasusuwa, ko tsokoki.

Venous malformations iya zama a kan surface ko a cikin jiki ƙarya thicker da su saniyar ware, ko mikewa da dama sassan jiki. Bugu da kari, da kusa suna ayi da fata surface, da more cikakken launi riba.

Saboda da sabon abu siffar da launi na iya zama rude da hemangiomas. Domin bambanci ganewar asali quite kadan matsa lamba ga modified rabo. Malformations ne taushi da kuma sauki canza launi. A hali na abin da ya faru na mahaukaci jini zurfi a cikin jikin mutum externally Pathology ba za a iya nuna.

Tare da yaro ya girma, kuma Ya ƙãra malformation, amma a ƙarƙashin rinjayar jawo dalilai, kamar tiyata, rauni, kamuwa da cuta, hormonal kwayoyi, haihuwa ko menopause, dandana m daukaka da ci gaban da jini.

Chiari malformation

Wannan jijiyoyin bugun gini malformation, wanda aka halin low-kwance cerebellar tonsils. Cutar da aka bayyana a cikin karni na sha tara marigayi Austria likita Hans Chiari, a cikin wanda girmamawa da kuma aka mai suna sabon abu. Ya gano wasu daga cikin mafi kowa iri wannan anomaly. Saboda da low wuri tonsil impede ruwa outflow daga kwakwalwa zuwa laka, shi halitta da karin intracranial matsa lamba da kuma tsokani ci gaban hydrocephalus.

Chiari malformation irin bayyana kawar da cerebellar tonsils saukar da turawa su ta hanyar da foramen magnum. Wannan tsari yana sa fadada daga cikin kashin baya canal, wanda asibiti bayyana kanta a lokacin balaga. Mafi na kowa cututtuka su ne ciwon kai, tinnitus, unsteady lokacin tafiya, diplopia, illa sanarwa akan abinda, hadiya matsaloli, da kuma wani lokacin amai. Ga matasa halin da rage zafi da zazzabi ƙwarai a cikin sama da rabin jiki da kuma wata gabar jiki.

Chiari malformation biyu irin tasowa idan ya karu size foramen. A wannan yanayin, da cerebellar tonsils ba fada, da kuma fada cikin shi. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa matsawa na laka da kuma cerebellum bi da bi. A daidai wannan lokaci ne yiwu bayyanar cututtuka na ruwa riƙewa a cikin kwakwalwa, zuciya lahani, warwarewarsu tayi narkewa kamar fili da kuma urogenital tsarin.

laka

Malformation na laka - shi ne mai rare cuta da take kaiwa zuwa m myelopathy. Arteriovenous malformations fi son armashi tsakanin zanen gado ko wuya harsashi ƙarya a kan dorsal surface na kwakwalwa a cikin thoracic ko lumbar kashin baya. Mafi na kowa Pathology ne na kowa a adult maza.

Cutar yayi kama da bayyanar cututtuka na mahara sclerosis da zai iya shigar da neurologist yaudarar. A kaifi tabarbarewar auku bayan katsewa na jini da kuma zub da jini a cikin subarachnoid sarari. Marasa lafiya suna lura da cuta m da kuma mota yankunan, katsalandan na pelvic gabobin. Idan shiga cortical bayyanar cututtuka, da cutar ne mafi zama kamar ALS (amyotrophic kaikaice sclerosis).

Idan haƙuri tanã kai ƙãra halayyar biyu daban-daban neurological cuta, likita dole ne za a zarga jijiyoyin bugun gini malformation da kuma gudanar da wani gani dubawa na kashin baya. Da ãyõyin ya canza jijiyoyin bugun gini lipoma da suke yankunan da ƙãra pigmentation. Irin wannan mutum ya kamata a aika da Magnetic rawa Dabarar ko walwa myelography. Wannan zai ba da damar don tabbatar da ganewar asali.

cututtuka

Jijiyoyin bugun gini malformation kama wani lokaci bam ko wani bindiga da guduma cocked a hannun wani yaro - babu wanda ya san lokacin da masifa za a fara. Duk da cewa da cutar ne a nakasar anomaly, shi zai fara zuwa bayyana kanta yawa daga baya. Akwai iri biyu na kwarara jijiyoyin bugun gini malformations:

- zub da jini (70% na lokuta);
- torpid (a cikin sauran 30%).

Babu wani daga cikin zabin ba za a dauke m ga wani mutum tare da wannan ganewar asali. A cikin hali na hemorrhagic kwarara cikin haƙuri yana da hawan jini, da kuma jijiyoyin bugun gini naúrar ne kananan da aka located a cikin wuyansa. Rabin mutanen da hemorrhagic bugun jini da ya faru da irin malformation da take kaiwa zuwa tawaya ko mutuwa. A hadarin zub da jini qara da shekaru, da kuma mata wani ƙarin factor ne ciki da haihuwa.

Idan mutum ya samu nasarar koma na farko bugun jini, sa'an nan tare da yiwuwar samun 1: 3, a shekarar zai sake zub da jini. Kuma a sa'an nan wata uku. Abin baƙin ciki, bayan uku aukuwa, 'yan tsira. Aƙalla rabin na marasa lafiya sun wuya siffofi samar intracranial hemorrhages, hematomas ko gauraye podobolochechnyh tamponade da kwakwalwa ventricles.

Zabi na biyu shi ne babban kwarara, wanda ya ta'allaka zurfi a cikin cerebral bawo jijiyoyin bugun gini malformation. Its cututtuka su ne quite hankula:

- convulsive shiri ko gaban epileptiform kai hare-hare.
- mai tsanani da ciwon kai.
- gaban gaira cututtuka kama wani kwakwalwa ƙari.

syncope

Kusan dukkan mutane tare da jijiyoyin bugun gini malformations located a cikin kwakwalwa, jima ko daga baya ya bayyana syncope (ie, syncope). Wannan shi ne saboda ta wucin gadi ƙi a cikin cerebral wurare dabam dabam. A lokacin syncope haƙuri ne kodadde, ya rufe tare da sanyi gumi, hannuwansa da ƙafafunsa kasance sanyi, mai rauni bugun jini da kuma m numfashi. A hari dade game da ashirin seconds, kuma a ƙarshensa da haƙuri ba ya tuna da wani abu.

A kowace shekara akwai fiye da rabin miliyan sabon lokuta na syncope, da kuma kawai karamin sashi na su yana mai bayyana dalilin-da-sakamako dangantaka. Syncope za a iya sa ta wuce kima ruri na carotid sinus, trigeminal neuralgia ko glossopharyngeal jijiya, tsari na autonomic insufficiency juyayi tsarin, zuciya kari disturbances kuma, ba shakka, jijiyoyin bugun gini malformations. Mahaukaci arteries da jijiyoyinmu samar shunting na jini da kuma hanzarta ta kwarara. A sakamakon haka, kwakwalwa na ba da samun isasshen abinci mai gina jiki, wanda aka bayyana cuta na sani.

rikitarwa

Ko kafin malformation bayyana kanta asibiti a cikin mutane da aka boye za su ci gaba komowar pathological mamaki. Wannan shi ne saboda hypoxic kwakwalwa nama rabo, shi dystrophy da kuma mutuwa. Ya danganta da wurin da abin ya shafa yankin da aka lura da halayyar mai da hankali cututtuka (magana munanan, Gait, son rai ƙungiyoyi, hankali da kuma t. N.) za a iya farfadiya seizures.

Mai tsanani da rikitarwa fara riga a adulthood. Mahaukaci jini da bakin ciki ganuwar da kuma sun fi yiwuwa ga samu karaya, don haka marasa lafiya da malformations more kowa ischemic shanyewar jiki. Manyan conglomerates arteries da jijiyoyinmu damfara da nama a kusa da su, haddasa hydrocephalus. A mafi hatsari ne hemorrhage saboda katsewa da dama tasoshin. Yana iya ko da mutuwa sakamakon, da kuma kawo karshen tare da kadan, ko kuma ba sakamakon. A duk ya dogara da yawan jerarrun jini. Hemorrhagic bugun jini ne da yawa kasa alamar mahanga da kuma iya sake aukuwa a kan lokaci.

bincikowa da

Harufan neurological jarrabawa ba bayyana kowane munanan a mutane da jijiyoyin bugun gini malformations. Yawancin lokaci yana bukatar saiti kuma sosai sosai jarrabawa don gane take hakki. Idan haƙuri tanã kai ƙãra na m tsanani ciwon kai, tremors, lokaci-lokaci disturbances na sani da illa wahayi ko tafiya, shi ne damar ka aika shi zuwa gudanar da neuroimaging. Kawai sa, a kwamfuta ko Magnetic rawa Dabarar na kwakwalwa.

A mafi cikakken kuma m jijiyoyin bugun gini tsarin nuna bambanci angiography. Domin wannan haƙuri a cikin kowa carotid jijiya aka allura radiopaque ruwa da kuma yi jerin Shots. Wannan hanya tana da yawan da rikitarwa da kuma gefen effects, saboda haka, shi ne zartar kawai idan akwai wahala a yin wani ganewar asali.

Don duba gudun, shugabanci da kuma kudi na jini ya kwarara zuwa cikin lokaci canji, ta amfani Doppler duban dan tayi. Wannan hanya yale mu mu ganin jini tsakanin arteries da kuma veins, domin sanin irin tasoshi, kafa gaban aneurysms da kuma sauran rikitarwa.

magani

Ko jijiyoyin bugun gini malformations amenable don gyara? Jiyya hanyoyin dogara ne a kan irin abnormality, wurinta, size da kuma mayar da hankali na a tarihi na shanyewar jiki.

Akwai uku main hanyoyin da magani:

- bude tiyata.
- minimally cin zali embolization.
- ba masu cin zali radiosurgical magani.

Ga kowane daga cikinsu akwai alamomi, contraindications, da kuma wani jerin yiwu rikitarwa.

A mafi zafi ne bude tiyata. Domin samun zuwa ga wuta, yin bude zagayayyen kwanya, klipiruyut tasoshin da kuma haye su. Irin wannan embodiment ne zai yiwu a yanayin saukan malformation located a farfajiya na kwakwalwa da kuma yana da kananan girma. Ƙoƙarin isa zurfin-zaune raunuka iya haifar da lalacewar da muhimmanci da maki kuma m sakamako.

Abin da za a iya yi idan haƙuri ne warai malformation? Jiyya ne endovascular embolization. Wannan shi ne wani fairly m hanya, a lokacin da wata babbar jirgin ruwa da ciyarwar da mahaukaci conglomerate, wani bakin ciki catheter an saka karkashin X-ray iko da kuma likita samun da malformation. Sa'an nan jijiyoyin bugun gini lumen hypoallergenic gudanar da miyagun ƙwayoyi da cewa cika da samuwa sarari da tubalan jini ya kwarara a cikin wannan yankin. Abin baƙin ciki, wannan dabara ba samar da cikakken tabbaci cewa jirgin ruwa ne Mafi obliterans. Saboda haka, mafi sau da yawa shi ne amfani da wata karin magani.

A mafi m hanya domin jijiyoyin bugun gini Malformations zaci aiki ta amfani da cyber wuka (radiosurgery). Jigon da hanya ne kunkuntar to rike rediyoaktif haskoki mahaukaci hearth daga kusurwoyi mabambanta. Wannan ba ka damar da sauri halakar da jijiyoyin bugun gini canje-canje, ba tareda žata lafiya nama. A tsari na hardening na jini a kan talakawan daukan 'yan watanni. A amfani ne da cikakken rashi na da rikitarwa a cikin juyayi tsarin. Amma akwai gazawa ga yin amfani da wannan hanyar:

1. A overall diamita daga cikin tasoshin kada wuce uku santimita.
2. A cikin tarihin kada ta kasance wani bugun jini ko wasu zub da jini. Tun da bakin ciki bango kuma ba zai iya tsayayya da katsewa a cikin tazara tsakanin kisa da hanya da kuma karshe hardening na malformation.