Thyroid hormones: Madogararsa, da darajar Pathology

A jikin mutum - mai jiwuwa tsarin a cikin abin da duk tafiyar matakai an kayyade juna. Kuma kowane jiki a cikin abun da ke ciki na taimaka wa tsare mutuncin aikin.

Tare da kwakwalwa ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci kullum sunadaran - da mutum endocrine tsarin. Yana daukawa fitar da mataki da endocrine gland, wanda asirce hormones da ciwon wasu siffofin da kuma takamaiman tropism ga manufa Kwayoyin. Saboda haka, thyroid gland shine yake taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin jikin ta ci gaba da kuma rinjayar duk iri musayar. Ta gano thyroid hormones, wanda da taimako zuwa ga jiki, shafi tunanin mutum ci gaba a yara, samar da metabolism da kuma makamashi a manya. Bi da bi, su samar da ake kayyade ta juyayi tsarin, wato bioactive abubuwa pituitary da hypothalamic sakewa dalilai. Saboda haka, thyroid hormones ne ko da yaushe a wani matakin a cikin jini da kuma kara jiki da ta musamman bukatun, su sabili da kashin dabbabin kuma iya nuna wani rashin thyroid aiki da aidin.

hormones

Glandula thyroidea (thyroid) ne a haɗe zuwa trachea da kunshi da dama da hagu lobes da alaka da wani Isthmus. Direct kira na thyroid hormones aka yi a follicles cika da colloid ciki, wanda dogara ne a kan furotin - thyroglobulin. Tare da kara iodination na tyrosine sharan a tsarinta da m summation na mahadi samu da kuma kafa triiodothyronine da tetraiodothyronine (T3 da T4). Bugu da ari tireiodnye hormones samu daga thyroglobulin kwayoyin cleaved da kuma sake shiga cikin jini a free form. Bã su da daban-daban yawa, da kuma sauye a iko (T3 tsaye muhimmanci ƙananan allurai, amma da iko shi ne mafi girma fiye da na T4). Duk da haka, da sakamako daga hormones a jiki da wannan: kara habaka kitsen da kuma carbohydrate metabolism (ƙãra glucose matakan) jawo gluconeogenesis, hanta glycogen hana samuwar da kuma bunkasa gina jiki kira (a wani wuce kima adadin, conversely, bunkasa Lalacewar karshen).

An bayyana da cewa su kula da jini da kuma zuciya kudi da kuma yanayin jiki, hanzarta na hankali da tunanin tafiyar matakai. A zamanin tayi zai kare thyroid hormones ke da alhakin bambantawa daga kyallen takarda a ko'ina cikin jiki. A cikin shimfiɗar jariri, taimakawa ga ci gaban da hankulansu ci gaban da yaro. Bugu da kari, sun inganta erythropoiesis, ƙananan tubular reabsorption na ruwa.

cuta

A wasu cututtuka, thyroid hormone mugunya an rage (hypothyroidism). A wannan yanayin, su dole ne a maye gurbinsu da magani. Wannan zai iya rama domin rashin abun ciki abubuwa irin BAKC thyroid hormones? Kwayoyi amfani a cikin wannan harka - shi ne "Levothyroxine" (T4), "Liotironin" (T3) da kuma da dama daga aidin-dauke da kwayoyi. A matsayin hasara, kuma haddi thyroid hormones kai ga rayuwa cuta a cikin jiki da suke asibiti bayyananna take hakkin homeostasis da psychomotor aiki. A mataki na lalacewa dogara a kan haƙuri ta shekaru (cretinism kawai a yara), da matakin da karancin ko wuce haddi na hormones (hyperthyroidism 1, 2, 3 digiri). A karshe akwai shortness na numfashi, palpitations, ta ƙara jini, cuta, daga dukan nau'i musayar. Tare da rashin, a akasin haka, rage metabolism, da mãsu haƙuri zama kasãla, sha'aninsu dabam.