Miya. Na roba bandeji. bakararre gauze Yana shãfe

Dressings - a ga kayan aiki da taimako na farko. A tarihin ta asalin za a iya gano wa sosai farko sau. Around 460-377. BC. e. (A lokacin Hippocrates), domin daidaita gyara miya, m plaster amfani, daban-daban guduro da zane. A 130-200 shekaru. BC. e. Roman likita Galen halitta na musamman da mai shiryarwa. A da shi, ya bayyana daban-daban dabaru na bandages zoba.

Tarihi na ci gaba

A amfani da dressings ya samu babba da hankali saboda da farko umurnin Roman majalisar dattijai. Yana ce cewa kowane soja ya kamata a ba a tsiri na zane, da wanda ya iya, idan ya cancanta, don samar da taimakon farko ga kanka ko abokan aikinka. Shi ne wata ila cewa superimposition na daban-daban kayan shafa yanki na jiki da aka yi amfani da prehistoric sau. A saboda wannan dalili, za a iya amfani da ganye da ciyawa, domin su mallaki halaye kamar sassauci, softness, elasticity kuma smoothness na murfin. Wasu daga cikin shuke-shuke da waraka Properties, kuma ko da pharmacological sakamako, misali, da wani astringent da analgesic sakamako.

Ya kamata kuma a lura cewa wasu shuke-shuke yi amfani da maganin gargajiya da ake ji bandages wa yau. Daga cikin su: wani gasa albasa, plantain, da kuma waɗansu da yawa. Ganiya ta ci gaba dressings kai a sau na jari hujja samar. A lokacin daga 1476 for 1492 ya samu m talla cohesive bandeji a Turai. A cikin XVIII karni da kuma 1st rabin na XIX karni, musamman muhimmancin da aka bai wa mataki na wani absorbent wajen. Ƙiren ƙarya da miya da aka za'ayi amfani da albarkatun kasa da high capillarity. Alal misali, hemp, lilin da hemp, kazalika da lint (rastereblennaya a kan yarn auduga rag). Tun da na biyu da rabi daga cikin XIX karni. Suna amfani maimakon gauze, absorbent auduga da kuma lignin.

Janar rarrabuwa

Ba haka ba da dadewa miya iri da aka iyakance zuwa kawai 'yan maki:

• Filastocin a coils, kazalika da microbicides a cikin nau'i na faranti.
• Medical bandages.
• Gammaye ga likita dalilai.
• Gauze likita.

Idan aka kwatanta da shekarun da suka gabata na zamani kewayon dressings ya zama yawa aukaka. Wannan ƙwarai yi falala a kansu da ci gaban manyan-sikelin Pharmaceutical masana'antu a kasar, kazalika da m shigo da waje kayayyakin a kasuwannin cikin gida.

Rarrabuwa da manufar

Conventionally, dukan miya za a iya raba hudu kungiyoyin: bakararre da kuma wadanda ba bakararre, sauki da kuma hadaddun. Duk da haka, su main nufi shi ne rarrabe ingancin - manufar aikace-aikace. Bisa wannan ka'ida, za ka iya zaɓar gaba yawan ayyuka yi da bandeji:

• Don rufe rauni surface. A saboda wannan dalili, napkins, bactericidal plaster, rauni dressings, kuma mafi.
• Matsawa daga extremities ko kayyade gidajen abinci.
• Domin kayyade miya.
• Matsawa shafi.

M da ake bukata domin kowane irin miya domin rufe raunuka - bakarare.

samfurin Features

Production na miya ya tako a kan wani sabon mataki na ci gaba godiya zuwa fitowan da fasahar zamani. A sakamakon su aikace-aikace da aka samu elastomeric, perforated da nonwoven masana'anta tsarin, wanda dogara ne a kan yin amfani da polymer qagaggun da kuma ƙarfe coatings. A amfani da zamani da kayayyakin a cikin magani yale mu mu shirya da dama daga cikin wadannan ayyuka:

• Cimma wani babban index of antimicrobial aiki.
• Tsawon lokaci na tushe.
• A high sha iya aiki a hade tare da mai kyau breathability, ganiya gudun wetting da capillary mataki.
• Atraumatic.
• Stability na antimicrobial jamiái a zalunta yanayin radiation da tururi sterilization.

Abin da za a zabi: gargajiya ko na zamani dressings da nufin?

A gaskiya, wannan batu ne kawai rhetorical. A amfani da zamani da kayayyakin a cikin magani halitta sharadi gwargwado ga mafi m warkar da raunuka. Wannan, bi da bi, insures daga bayyana a kan da suka ji rauni surface scarring. A sabili da su sau da yawa ya ta'allaka ne a cikin dogon lokacin da ƙulli daga cikin rauni ta al'ada dressings.

Amma ga farashin batun, bambanci a kudin tsakanin zamani da kuma wannan abu ne quite palpable. Wannan shaida ne, wani lokacin ba a cikin ni'imar da karshen. Duk da haka, a lokacin da ta je mutum kiwon lafiya, da kudin ne ba ko da yaushe yankan shawara factor ga zabi. Bugu da ƙari, kamar yadda yi nuna, da yin amfani da zamani likita kayan more kudin-tasiri idan aka kwatanta da na al'ada. Sun kasance sũ ne saboda ƙananan dace bukatar amfani da wani sosai tsawon lokaci. Wannan bayani za a iya gani a cikin mafi daki-daki, da misali daga cikin yin amfani da auduga-gauze bandeji:

• Hairy tsarin zama hanyar da rauni lamba abu barbashi. Sun sa nama hangula da kuma hana ta m waraka.
• Gauze ne mai kyau raga abu da ya karu massoemkostyu. Wadannan tsarin siffofin sa ci gaban da kwayoyin a cikin rauni. Bugu da kari, sun haifar da wani akan rage iska da kuma ruwa tururi permeability karkashin bandeji. Wannan shi ne musamman bayyananne lokacin da amfani da dama yadudduka. Lokacin da wannan tsari da aka jinkirta rauni epithelialization da granulation, da kuma yadda wani sakamako, da waraka lokacin zama dogon.
• Mannewa, ko fiye kawai mai danko - wani debe da yin amfani da gauze bandeji. Gaskiyar cewa impregnated rauni secretions, suka taurare a lokacin da ya bushe. rauni granulation faruwa ta cikin miya, sakamakon wani rauni zuwa wani sabon surface da kuma zafi a kan kau. A daidai wannan lokaci shi ne yake shan wahala da kewaye fata. Yana kuma sa lalacewar zafi da rage gudu da sauran dawo da tsarin.
• Cuts da napkins yawanci sanye take da 'yan guda a cikin kunshin. A ta bude da jam ne kawai na farko. Duk da yake sauran wannan quality aka rasa.
• Don kara da sha da kuma bayar da dama size gauze yana zuwa da za a yanka, sa'an nan kuma folded a dama yadudduka. Wannan hanya warware da antimicrobial da kuma sa wasu rashin jin daɗi ga mãsu haƙuri.
• Domin gyara auduga-gauze bandeji a kan wani rauni, wajibi ne a yi amfani da wani karin fastening. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa haddi bayar da tsabar kudi da kuma na bukatar ƙarin jan.

Saboda haka, yin amfani da al'ada, gargajiya kayan sa dogon aiwatar da rauni warkar. A da kyau madadin ne kayan aiki na zamani da suke da bã tãre da duk drawbacks aka bayyana a sama. Inganta dressings ne atraumatic coatings da high absorbency. Su kam faruwa ta atomatik ta wajen wani hypoallergenic m.

Abũbuwan amfãni na zamani da kayayyakin

• Bandeji ne m, ko ba-saka, film tushe, wanda ba ka damar saka idanu da ci gaban rauni warkar.
• Ruwa resistant - wani da. A haƙuri yana da ikon ya dauki ruwa jiyya ba tare da hadarin ruwa shigar da rauni.
• M kam.
• Modern miya ba bi da rauni surface, kuma ba su cuci ta.
• Cire faruwa ba tare da tsanani sakamakon ga mãsu haƙuri.
• Kai-m bandages na kayyade a kan nasu, kuma ba ya bukatar ƙarin kudi.
• Akwai sorbent ba masu cin zali swab cewa tattara rauni exudate.
• Superimposed miya kare rauni daga samun wani sakandare kamuwa da cuta da kuma inji samuwar kasashe.
• Hypoallergenic abun da ke ciki.
• High rates na iska da kuma ruwa tururi permeability su hana abin da ya faru na maceration.
• Modern miya shirye don amfani da bukatar wani horo.
• Antibacterial.
• Shiryawa sauƙi bude.

Medical masana'anta

Gauze - wannan zane da rare, cibiyar sadarwa tsarin. Akwai iri biyu: mai tsanani da kuma bleached hygroscopic. Wadannan bi da bi aka raba kara shiga guda biyu daban-daban iri: m auduga da Bugu da kari viscose matsakaitan webs (a cikin wani rabo na 50% auduga 50% rayon da kuma 70% auduga 30% rayon). Babban bambancin shi ne kamar haka: Cotton garwaya da ruwa ga 10 seconds, yayin da gauze viscose da wani admixture na yin wannan abu a gare 60 seconds, cewa shi ne 6 sau hankali.

A abũbuwan amfãni daga viscose ne wani babban ruwa-rike da damar, ta ƙara ikon sha rauni exudate, kuma mafi girma rates na sha na jini. Duk da haka, idan aka kwatanta da auduga gauze viscose analogue muni shi rike kwayoyi. Kuma ma bayan maimaita wanke-wanke rage tsotsa iya aiki. By ƙarfi rarrabẽwa auduga miya 25% ya wuce kudi na nama da wani najasa viscose. Amma capillarity a duka nau'in ne kamar guda, shi ne tsakanin 10-12 cm / hr. Bisa ga neutrality na likita gauze guda bukatun kamar yadda a ulu. A masana'anta samar da misali girma yanar gizo nisa - 69-73 cm, tsawon na 50 zuwa 150 m a cikin yanki.

Ga wadanda ba misali na sarrafawa da kuma dressings samar cuts na 3 guda. a wani gungu. kowane ne tsayin 10 m da nisa - 90 cm. Kamar ulu, gauze gwada wa wettability (sha iya aiki), neutrality da capillarity.

Shakka daga cikin gwajin da suitability na nama

• Domin gwada wettability, wata hanya imbeddability. Domin wannan ruwa-absorbent gauze samfurin size of 5 x 5 cm da aka saukar da uwa da ruwa surface. By wajabta matsayin shi ya ba tuntube ganuwar da jirgin ruwa zuwa nutse a cikin ruwa don 10 seconds. Swatch cheesecloth bukatar su yi shi a cikin 60 seconds.
• Don gwada miya a kan capillarity, wani tsiri 5 cm fadi da masana'anta da aka saukar a daya karshen musamman Petri tasa cike da wani bayani da eosin. A samfurin da aka dauke su sun shũɗe da gwajin idan, a cikin 60 minutes, da mafita yakan daga cikin ruwa matakin ba kasa da 10 cm.

Special iri masana'anta

Akwai biyu Categories na gauze, wanda da wasu bayani dalla-dalla na mataki. Etokrovoostanavlivayuschaya da hemostatic.

• Haemostatic dressings samu a cikin aiki da al'ada gauze nitrogen oxides. A sakamakon masana'anta shi ne ba kawai don dakatar da jini, amma an tunawa a cikin rauni ga wata. Yana daukan nau'i na napkins a size 13x13 cm.
• Hemostatic masana'anta. Yana hada da alli da gishiri da acrylic acid. Yana ma tsaya da jini (wani talakawan na ba fiye da minti 5), amma shi ba ya warware. Ana iya amfani da a cikin nau'i na tampons, napkins da bukukuwa. Amfani da irin wannan halitta har zuwa 15% tanadi.

Gauze bandeji hannuwansa

Da farko, kafin ka fara yi, kana bukatar ka yanke shawara a kan ta nan gaba size. Standard miya, wanda aka sayar a Pharmacy, yana da tsawon ba fiye da 15 cm da tsawo 5 cm. Idan samfur ne aka yi nufi ga wani yaro, sa'an nan ta size ya dogara da shekaru na haƙuri. Alal misali, ga yara har zuwa shekaru 6 za su kusanci bandeji Girma 10 x 4 cm, amma za a iya amfani da shi don fara tasawa version daga cikin matasa. Domin yin nasu samfurin a kan fuskarsa, za ka bukatar:

• A kashi size 17 x 7 cm na absorbent masana'anta - 4 inji mai kwakwalwa.
• A kunkuntar tsiri na bandeji a cikin adadin 2 guda. A tsawon kasance game da 60-70 cm, nisa 5 cm.

Bayan duk dole abubuwa na gaba samfurin za a shirya, za ka iya fara samar da gauze bandeji. A wadannan ne mai ci gaba.

• Muna bukatar mu yi da bandeji tsiri da kuma mirgine shi a cikin 3 yadudduka.
• Sa'an nan dinka tare da gefuna da dinki na'ura ko da hannu a cikin kananan kabu.
• Maimaita mataki tare da wata biyu bandeji.
• Bayan nan, da workpiece wajibi ne ga wani lokaci zuwa ajiye da kuma fara yankan kashe da gauze. Hudu kada dole a haɗa tare da kuma sheathe dukan tsawon.
• Sa'an nan, sakamakon gefen murabba'i mai dari kana bukatar ka Tuck cikin wani santimita kuma scribbling sake.
• Yanzu, lokacin da dukkan sassa uku da ka yi tattali, su dole ne a tattara a cikin wani guda miya. Don wannan karshen, da nama tare da murabba'i mai dari bukatar dinka biyu kirtani: daya - daga saman, da sauran a kan ƙananan gefe. Saboda haka gauze bandeji aka sanya da hannuwansu.

Mike kayyade kayayyakin

• Na roba bandeji amfani for kam. An yi auduga m yarn. By mikewa da bandeji dole ne hadu da tsauraran sharu - shi dole ne ya zama a kalla 50%. Samar bandeji misali girma dabam. Length - 3 m, nisa - 10 cm 5 ko na roba bandeji wannan category yana da babban ƙarfi. M m 5 cm withstands a load na akalla 30 kgf. A kunshin 18 ne a nannade a raba lakabin kayayyakin nisa na 10 cm ko 36 guda na 5 cm.
• Na roba bandeji (tubular) yana yin wannan aiki kamar yadda ta knitted takwaransa. Duk da haka, na sama na farko extensibility zuwa 800%. Wannan irin bandeji tana nufin "tepermat" category, da cewa yana nufin "knitted na roba bandages." An sanya daga wani elastomeric thread wanda braided x / auduga yarn da kuma roba zaruruwa. Saboda da raga tsarin na roba kam bandeji ba hana iska wurare dabam dabam da kuma sa idanu da kamuwa da shafin. 7 iya daban-daban lambobin hannun riga fadin: 75, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20 da kuma 10 mm. Weight of 1 sq. m ne 280, da yin amfani da tubular articles kubutar rubuta dressings da elapsed lokaci. Su wanke da za'ayi a zazzabi ba a kan 40 ° C ba tare da yin amfani da roba wajen. Bayan an yi kurkura a dumi ruwa. Don matsi da suka wuce haddi danshi, amfani da tawul din. Yanã mai karkatar bandages unacceptable.

da sauran kayayyakin

Gauze ne rectangular kada na zare a biyu yadudduka na absorbent nama. Edge na labarin a nade a cikin ciki gefen, saboda haka cewa thread ba a lamba tare da rauni. Akwai irin kayayyakin a uku masu girma dabam: kananan - 14 x 16 cm, matsakaici - 33 x 45 cm, manyan - 70 x 68 cm.

Kananan ba bakararre kayayyakin suna cushe ta 100 da kuma 200 raka'a. a daya fakitin. Napkins folded bakararre gauze for 40 inji mai kwakwalwa. Non-bakararre kayayyakin suna cushe bisa ga talakawan na 100 raka'a. a wani gungu. Bakararre - 10 guda suya. Unsterile manyan Yana shãfe suna kunshe ne a wani adadin na 50 guda. a guda kunshin. Bakararre kayayyakin na wannan kungiyar - 5 inji mai kwakwalwa. Kowane zane da aka cushe a cikin takarda takarda. A cikin wrapper dole nuna size, yawan, manufacturer sunan da kwanan wata na yi.

aiki

Sterilization na likita dressings sanya a cikin na musamman masana'antu. Bayan haka, bacteriological dakin gwaje-gwaje da suka Ana jarraba ga antibacterial. Shiri miya domin kara yin amfani ne da za'ayi minti 45 a wani musamman tukunyar jirgi. A ciki zafin jiki ne 120 ° C. Bayan haka, duka-a Bix miya. Wadannan karfe kwalaye da suka ci gaba da za a dauke. Idan Bikse a tace, da tsarki na kayan da aka kiyaye domin a daina lokaci. A wannan yanayin - akalla 8-10 kwana.

content bukatun

Storage dressings kuma za a iya ɗaukar su a katako, kwalaye sanya a cikin wani bushe, kullum ventilated yankin, kare daga hakori da ƙura. Non-bakararre kayayyakin an yarda ka dauke a cikin wani unheated dakin. Duk da haka, da yawan zafin jiki dole ne barga, ba tare da jinkirin. Yana kuma ya kamata kauce danshi da kuma samuwar fungi, mold. Domin kungiyar na dama abun ciki bakararre bandeji stock suka bukatar sa fita a kan na karshe shekaru na hanya. Saboda bayan shekaru 5, idan mutunci marufi da aka ba a karya, da kayan ya kamata a bari for selectively antibacterial. Idan marufi da aka bude ko moistened, da samfurin, wanda aka located a ciki shi ne ba da tsarki.