Italian mawaki Rossini: biography, kerawa, tarihi na rayuwa da kuma mafi kyau da ayyuka

Italiya - mai ban kasa. Ko akwai wani yanayi na musamman, ko da mutane a cikin shi ya rayu da wani sabon abu, amma mafi kyau a duniya ayyukan art a wasu hanya da alaka da wannan Rum kasar. Music - mai raba page a cikin rãyuwar Italiya. Ka tambayi wani daga gare su, kamar yadda shi ne sunan babban Italian mawaki Rossini, kuma nan da nan samun dama amsar.

A talented Bel canto vospevatel

Da alama cewa m gene da aka kafa a cikin kowane mazauni na wannan yanki da yanayi. Yana da daidaituwa ba duk da m sharuddan amfani da rubuce-rubuce scores, samu daga Latin harshe.

Ba shi yiwuwa su yi tunanin wani Italian, ba da sanin yadda za su yi ta raira da kyau. Beautiful tsarkakewa, a Latin Bel canto - gaskiya Italian iri na yi na m ayyukansu. Mawaki Rossini ya shahara a duniya domin ta dadi ayyukan halitta daidai a cikin wannan hanya.

A Turai, fashion Bel canto zo a karshen goma sha takwas zuwa karni na sha tara. Yana iya bayyana cewa, mashawarta Italian mawaki Rossini aka haife shi a lokacin da ya dace, kuma a cikin dace location. Ko da yake da masoyi na arziki? Shi ne m. Mafi m, da dalilin da nasara a kyauta daga Allah da basira da kuma harafin fasali. Bayan haka, aiwatar da composing aka ba da gajiya a gare shi. Karin waƙa da aka samar a cikin mawaki ta hankali da abin mamaki sauƙi - kawai sarrafa rubũtãwa.

da mawaki ta yarantaka

Cikakken sunan mawaki Rossini sauti kamar Gioachino Antonio Rossini. Ya aka haife Fabrairu 29, 1792 a birnin Pesaro. The yaro ya wuce yarda da m. "Little Adonis" - wannan shi ne yadda ake kira da Italian mawaki Rossini a farkon yara. Mancinelli gida artist, zuwa cin ganuwar yayin da Church of St. Ubaldo, tambayi izni daga iyaye Gioachino nuna da jariri a kan daya daga cikin frescoes. Ya shãfe haske da shi a matsayin wani yaro, wanda mala'ikan ya nuna hanya zuwa sama.

Mahaifansa biyu, ko da yake, da kuma ba shi musamman koyar da sana'o'i, sun kida. Uwar, Anna Gvidarini-Rossini yana da matukar lafiya soprano murya da kuma rera waka a cikin m wasanni na gida gidan wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma mahaifinsa, Giuseppe Antonio Rossini, akwai taka leda ƙaho, Faransa Kakakin.

An kawai yaro, Gioacchino aka kewaye da kula da kuma hankali ba kawai ga iyaye amma kuma da yawa gwaggwanninku, goggonninka da 'da kakaninku.

A farko guda na music

A farko yunkurin tsara music, ya hau sau daya samu damar dauka kida. Scores na goma sha huɗu maza duba quite tabbatacce. Su ne a fili a Trend na gina wasan kwaikwayo ta waka music scenes - accented m rhythmic permutations, wanda aka mamaye da halayyar, song karin waƙa.

A Library of Congress USA scores aka adana shida sonatas ga Quartet. Suna kwanan rana 1806 shekara.

"The Barber na Seville": da tarihi daga cikin ayyukan

A cikin duniya da mawaki Rossini, da aka sani da farko kamar yadda marubucin wasan kwaikwayo buffa "The Barber na Seville", amma 'yan kaxan mutane zai iya ce abin da ya kasance cikin tarihi na da ya faru. The asali sunan wasar kwaikwayo ta waka - "Almaviva, ko banza shirinku". Gaskiyar cewa daya "Barber na Seville" da cewa lokaci riga ya wanzu. Da farko wasar kwaikwayo ta waka da wani m play da Beaumarchais rubuta da daraja Giovanni Paisiello. Aikinsa tare da babban rabo mai girma a kan matakai tafi a kan Italian sinimomi.

Wasan kwaikwayo Arzhentino matasa Maestro sanya wani tsari don wani comic wasar kwaikwayo ta waka. Duk da libretto, da mawaki samarwa, an ƙaryata. Rossini tambayi Paiziello ƙyale shi ya rubuta masa wasar kwaikwayo ta waka a kan wani wasa da Beaumarchais. Ya bai damu ba. Shahararren "Barber na Seville" by Rossini hada for 13 days.

Biyu premieres tare da daban-daban sakamakon

A farko ya da wani laifin gazawar. Kullum hade da wannan wasan kwaikwayo da yawa m hatsarori. A musamman, da bacewar na ci tare da overture. Yana da aka Yãye-yãyen da dama na gaisuwa jama'a songs. Mawaki Rossini ya gaggauta fito da sauyawa daga cikin rasa shafukan. A cikin takardun da kiyaye su a cikin rubutu da aka rubuta bakwai da suka wuce da kuma dogon tun manta wasar kwaikwayo ta waka "The m hali." Tare da wasu qananan canje-canje, sai ya juya a kan haske, kuma live music nasa abun da ke ciki a wani sabon wasan kwaikwayo. Na biyu yi shi ne da wani rabo mai girma. Da shi shi ne mataki na farko zuwa duniyar daraja da mawaki da melodious recitatives ne har yanzu mai ni'ima na sauraro.

More tsanani damuwa game da Productions da ya yi ba.

Ɗaukakar mawaki da sauri kai da kuma nahiyar Turai. Akwai shaida da yadda mawaki Rossini da ake kira da abokai. Genrih Geyne dauke shi "da Sun of Italy" da kuma styled "allahntaka Maestro."

Austria, Ingila da Faransa a cikin rayuwar Rossini

Bayan da rabo a gida to Isabella Rossini Kolbran zuwa nasara Vienna. Ga da ya riga ya sanannun da kuma gane a matsayin wani fitaccen mawaki na zamaninmu. Ya yaba da tafi Schumann da Beethoven, gaba daya makafi da cewa lokaci, ya nuna sha'awa da kuma shawarci ba su bar hanyoyi composing opera buffa.

Paris da kuma London sun hadu da mawaki da babu kasa babbar sha'awa. A Faransa, Rossini da aka jinkirta na dogon lokaci.

A lokacin da ya lengthy yawon shakatawa, ya rubuta da kuma ya sa a kan mafi kyau scene na babban birnin kasar mafi yawansu ya operas. Maestro aka yi falala a kansu daga sarakuna da fara Dating tare da mafi tasiri mutane a duniya na art da kuma siyasa.

France Rossini ta samu da kuma karshen rayuwa, da za a bi domin ciki ailments. A Paris, da mawaki kuma mutu. Wannan zai faru Nuwamba 13, 1868.

"William Ka ce wa" - da mawaki ta karshe wasan kwaikwayo

Rossini bai so a ciyar da yawa lokaci a wurin aiki. Sau da yawa a cikin sabon operas ya yi amfani da wannan dogon da suka wuce ƙirƙira muradi. A kowane sabon wasan kwaikwayo ya wuya ya dauki fiye da wata daya. A cikin duka, da mawaki ya rubuta su 39.

"William Ka ce", ya sadaukar da cikakken watanni shida. All jam'iyyun rubuta sake ba tare da amfani da tsohon scores.

Musical delineation na Austria sojoji invaders daga Rossini gangan haushi matalauta, monotonous da kuma mai kusurwa. Kuma ga Swiss mutane ƙi yin biyayya da zãlunci, da mawaki, a akasin haka, rubuta bambancin, melodic, arziki rhythms na jam'iyyar. Ya yi amfani da jama'a songs kuma Tyrolean mai tsayi makiyaya, ya kara da su zuwa ga Italian sassauci da kuma shayari.

A watan Agusta 1829 farko na wasan kwaikwayo. Faransa ta Sarki Charles X yi farin ciki, ya ba Rossini ta Tuli na karimci. The masu sauraro da aka bi don opera sanyi. Da fari dai, aikin yada a kan hudu kuma abu na biyu, da sabon m dabaru ƙirƙira da mawaki, sun wuyar fahimta.

A cikin wadannan kwanaki, da gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo rage cika. Rossini ya outraged da fushi da zuciyar.

Duk da cewa da wasan kwaikwayo ya na da wani banbanci a kan kara ci gaba da na wasan kwaikwayo, wanda shi ne bayyanannu a cikin irin ayyukan da jaruntakar Genre Gaetano Donizetti, Dzhuzeppe Verdi da Vincenzo Bellini ta "William Ka ce" da kuma yanzu sosai da wuya sa a kan mataki.

A juyin juya halin a ma'adanin na opera

Rossini sanya biyu tsanani mataki a cikin zamani na zamani wasar kwaikwayo ta waka. Shi ne na farko zuwa rikodin ci duk vocal sassa da ya dace wasulla da alheri. A baya can, da mawaƙa improvise tare da su jam'iyyun, kamar yadda suka so.

A gaba bidi'a ya da goyon bayan da recitatives m masu raka. A wasar kwaikwayo ta waka seria wannan sanya shi yiwuwa a ƙirƙirar giciye-yanke kayan aiki abun da ake sakawa.

Karshen songwriting ayyuka

Art masu sukar da kuma masana tarihi sun ba tukuna aka amince, cewa sa Rossini barin wani aiki marubuci na music. Ya ce, shi yana bayar da wani dadi tsufa, da bustle na rayuwar al'umma da ya gaji. Idan ya da 'ya'ya, ya lalle ne, dã sun ci gaba da rubuta wakoki da kuma sa su wasanni a kan wasar kwaikwayo ta waka mataki.

Last Theatrical aikin da mawaki ta opera seria shi ne "William Ka faɗa." Ya kasance shekaru 37 da haihuwa. A nan gaba ya wani lokacin gudanar orchestras, amma ya tsara operas taba mayar da su.

Cooking - fi so aiki Maestro

Wani babban so daga cikin manyan Rossini aka dafa. Ya sha wahala da yawa saboda ya jaraba ga ladabi abinci. Bayan ritaya daga jama'a m rayuwa, ya zama wani ascetic. Gidansa kasance ko da yaushe cike da baƙi idi cike da m jita-jita, wanda da Maestro kansa ƙirƙira. Za ka iya tunanin cewa rubutu operas kunna shi aikatãwa isasshen kudi don ya ragewa shekaru da dukan zuciyata da mika wuya mafi fi so sha'awa.

biyu aure

Dzhoakkino Rossini aka aure sau biyu. Matarsa ta farko, Isabella Kolbran, ya lashe daya daga cikin saukakkun ban mamaki soprano, ya rera duk solo sassa a operas na Maestro. Ta ya girmi mijinta shekaru bakwai. Ko kaunace mijinta, da mawaki Rossini? Biography na singer ne shiru game da shi, kuma kamar yadda na Rossini, sa'an nan bayar da shawarar idan wannan alliance ya fi kasuwanci fiye da soyayya.

Matarsa ta biyu, Olimpia Pelissier, ya zama abõkinsa har karshen rayuwa. Su jagoranci wani m zama, kuma sun kasance quite farin ciki tare. Rossini rubuta babu mafi music, tare da togiya na biyu oratorio ayyukansu - Katolika Mass "Yana da aka yi baƙin ciki Uwar" (1842) da kuma "karama Messe Solennelle" (1863).

Uku Italian birni, mafi muhimmanci mawaki

Mazauna uku Italian biranen su ne alfaharin cewa da mawaki Rossini - su countryman. A farko - shi ne wurin haifuwa na Gioacchino, birnin Pesaro. Na biyu - Bologna, inda ya rayu da mafi tsawo da ya rubuta da manyan ayyuka. The uku birni - Florence. A nan, a cikin Basilica na Santa Croce, wani Italian mawaki Rossini aka binne shi. Ya toka aka kawo daga Paris, da kuma mai girma sculptor Giuseppe Kassioli sanya m dutsen kabari.

Rossini a cikin adabi

Biography Rossini, Gioacchino Antonio, aka bayyana ta wurin Sahaban da abokai da dama a almara, da littattafai, kazalika da a da yawa m karatu. Ya kasance farkon thirties, a lokacin da aka buga na farko biography na mawaki, Frederick Stendhal aka bayyana. shi "Life of Rossini ta" da aka kira.

Wani aboki na mawaki, marubuci, mawallafin Aleksandr Dyuma, aka bayyana shi a cikin gajeren labarin "Dinner a Rossini ta, ko biyu dalibai daga Bologna." M, kuma m hali na babban Italian aka kama a yawa labaru da kuma labarbaru, tsira da abokansa da kuma idon sani.

Daga bisani, da mutum littattafai da wadannan fun da kuma na gaisuwa labaru da aka buga.

The yan fim ma biya da hankali ga babban Italian. A shekarar 1991, Mario Monicelli gabatar da masu sauraro a fim game da Rossini tare da Sergio Kastellito starring.