Mai yin kayan ado art. Jagora Jewelcrafting

Kayan ado art - qeri ne na daban-daban kayayyakin, yawanci na daraja karafa ta amfani da duwatsu masu daraja. Da farko, abubuwa sun kasance ba kawai ga kyakkyawa, amma kuma domin jaddada babban matsayi a al'umma na mai ko da mai shi. Har ila yau, kayan ado sau da yawa a sakamakon sihiri aiki. Suna amfani da, misali, kamar yadda m tsafi da kuma mascots. A tarihin kayan ado Dates baya ga tsufa. Da farko, da halittar kayan ado ba ya nufa da wani irin aiki ne. Daga samar taba more hadaddun da nagartaccen ado kan ƙarni kammalã da art, sana'a. Bari mu gano da tarihi na kayan ado craft da kuma kira shi da babban Masters.

zamanin d Misira

Mai yin kayan ado art aka mamaki da ci gaba a zamanin d Misira. Ado halitta akwai, har yanzu mamakin ta kyakkyawa da wuya. A siffar da suka saba son images na zamanin d alloli. A zamanin d Masarawa yi imani da cewa ado aka yi sihiri ayyuka: kare da cutar da kuma mugunta lokatai, mahada mutumin da sojojin na halitta.

Wear kayan ado dogara a kan wasu sassa na jiki. Da farko, shi ne yankin na zuciya (an dauke mafi muhimmanci jiki). Don kare shi, kirji saka da samfurin a cikin wani nau'i na scarab. Irin ƙwaro alama ce da nishaxi, ayyuka, da tashinsa daga matattu. Wani muhimmin batu shi ne tsakiyar goshi. Ancient Masters, yin ado domin ta, ta amfani da alamomin na mulki da hikima, kamar maciji image. Magana ne game da fasahar da masana'antu na kayayyakin, shi za a iya lura da cewa, kullum amfani ke bi da engraving, da kuma ƙaunar da Masarawa kayan da aka yi da zinariya, da azurfa, da obsidian da amethyst.

zamanin tsohuwar Girka

Great finesse da subtlety daban-daban tsoho ado art a Girka. A fi so dabara na Masters wani filigree - yi hadaddun juna na bakin ciki zinariya ko azurfa wayoyi, soldered zuwa karfe bango. Mafi sau da yawa amfani da wannan na fure zane: launi image, ganye, kurangar inabi.

Daga cikin kayan sama duk prized zinariya - da karfe tsoho Helenawa dangana sihiri Properties. A general, kayan ado jaddada matsayi na mai shi, don haka da sirara kuma mafi wuya shi ne aikin, da ya fi tsada shi ne shi daraja. Rich Greek mata sa a, iri-iri kayan ado. A daraja sun m kayayyakin ga gashi kuma wuyansa, kazalika da mundaye. A togiya ne watakila cewa Sparta - gida mata ba lush da kuma zato kayan ado, fifita wani sauki karfe kayan ado.

Jewelcrafting Renaissance

Kayan ado Renaissance daukan hankali a cikin su ladabi, kyakkyawa da wuya. Masters amfani da dama dabaru, ciki har da embossing, yankan da kuma enamel. Suna fi mayar rinjayi tsofaffin al'adun, duk da haka, an yi, kuma shi ne na hali ga waɗanda shekara halaye.

Saboda haka, kayan ado ne ba sosai nuna matsayi na mai shi, kamar yadda ya jaddada da ladabi dandano da hasashensu. Su ne na musamman da kuma rarrabe. Semi-duwatsu masu daraja, lu'u-lu'u da kuma lafiya enameled sassa ado ba kawai kayan ado, amma kuma lush Ladies 'riguna. Samun shahararsa da kuma m dakatar zobba.

A Jamus, da iyayengijinsu a yi amfani da wani sabon abu sosai kayan: kwakwa bawo, jimina qwai da kuma Shell.

Jewelers Ancient Rus

Rasha kayan ado art yana da babban tarihi. Evidence wannan ne zamani archaeological tono: da inganci da subtlety na aikin na zamanin d sana'a buga a yanzu. Kayan ado art na zamanin d Rasha an rinjayi Scandinavian, Oriental da Byzantine al'adu, da kuma a lokaci guda inextricably nasaba da jama'a kwastan da kuma hadisai.

Masters daga kowane lungu na Kievan Rus 'sun Masters nagartaccen dabaru, ciki har da art simintin, filigree da zinariya wuta. Novgorod ya shahara saboda ado da aka yi da tamani karafa. Kiev jewelers tare da wani matsanancin ikon rike duwatsu masu daraja. Mafi na kowa kayan ado ne da ake kira haikali zobba, wanda aka saka a cikin gashi ko sun rataye daga headgear. Mata ma sa da dama, daga mundãye kuma necklaces tare da rataye.

Rasha a cikin XIV - XVII ƙarni

Da zuwan na Tatar-Mongol hordes kayan ado kasuwanci ta bayyana manta da kusan karni. Mutane da yawa Masters mutu ko kuwa aka kwashe zuwa aiki a cikin taro shugabanni. Kawai a karshen da XIV karni fara wani sauka a hankali sama zuwa tsohon art. Kayan ado craft cibiyar zama Moscow, wanda shi ne Popular dabara tare da azurfa filigree.

A XVI - XVII ƙarni kayan ado art rayayye yana amfani da enamel da duwatsu masu daraja. Kayan ado wannan lokaci muhimmi richness, kwanyarsa da kuma launi jikewa. Duwatsu ne ma daban-daban haske - a cikin girmamawa sapphires, yaƙũtu ne da emeralds. Yana yanzu ake kira da heyday blackening dabara. Mutane da yawa biranen su ne silversmithing cibiyoyin.

Turai kayan ado daga XVIII karni

A cikin XVIII karni sun rinjaye styles na Baroque da kuma Rococo. Wannan kuma ya shafi kayan ado. Zama gaye quirkiness, ƙawa da haske launuka. A wannan yanayin, da manyan matsayi ne Faransa mai yin kayan ado ta art. An sa'an nan kuma samu ado ta zamani form. A Vogue to hankali sun hada da kayan ado was, m da arziki mutane amfani da manyan kayan ado. A mafi fi so duwatsu ne Diamonds yellowish, pinkish da bluish launukansa, kuma suna amfani da maza da mata ta kaya.

Rasha a cikin XVIII karni

A Rasha a cikin XVIII karni kayan ado art blossomed. Wannan ya fi mayar saboda da sake fasalin na Bitrus I. Tun daga nan, da kayan ado kasuwanci ne rayayye ya yiwo aro Turai trends, yayin da rikewa su ainihi. A Rasha sau da yawa zo kasashen waje Masters. Daga cikin su - sanannen Zheremi Poze, wanda ya yi aiki a kotun for shekara talatin da Ya halitta gaskiya Masterpieces na mai yin kayan ado ta art. Ya fi kyau aikin da aka dauke su Great mallaka Crown, sanya Catherine II. A musamman da samfurin yana da kusan dubu biyar Diamonds. Yanzu wannan relic hankali kare na musamman da gidan kayan gargajiya na kayan ado - Diamond Asusun a Moscow.

A general, da yin amfani da duwatsu masu daraja da ake zama m a wannan lokaci. Kyalkyali, mai haske, da kyau yi wa ado da kuma sarrafa, su daidai gaba da kuma ado zaba daraja Ladies da sarakunanku.

Abin sha'awa, da kalmar "maƙeran zinariya" da kanta ma zo a cikin yin amfani da XVIII karni. Yana maye gurbin da m dogon sunan "zinariya da azurfa."

Turai, a XIX karni

A tsakiyar karni XIX kayan ado kasuwanci ne mafi zama tartsatsi ne. A lokaci guda ya fara da za a yi amfani da kasa da duwatsu masu daraja, da kayan: aquamarine, dutse crystal, malachite, wucin gadi Diamonds. Jeweled Arts na canjawa da sauran style - zo domin maye gurbin Rococo classicism, bi da bi, ado zama mafi stringent da tsararren. Products da duwatsu masu daraja a hankali gushe a yi amfani a cikin maza kara, amma a fashion ya hada da knobs ga tafiya da sandunansu, kuma tsada snuff.

Daga sanannun artists za a iya bambanta kotu mai yin kayan ado na Napoleon na Martina Giyoma Bienne. A cikin XIX karni aka kunno kai irin wannan shahara gidaje kamar cartier kuma Tiffany.

A halin da ake ciki a Rasha a cikin XIX karni

Matakin qarshe na kayan ado art a Rasha ya kai a cikin XIX karni. A wannan lokaci, ma canza shugabanci na aikin, da shugabanninmu na kokarin motsa daga Turai hadisai da kuma komawa zuwa shekaru da haihuwa Rasha, bada kayayyakin a kasa dandano. Musamman fashion zama ruwa lu'u-lu'u.

A Moscow da kuma St. Petersburg akwai manyan kamfanonin na azurfa da zinariya na harka. Musamman da aka sani kamfanonin Ovchinnikov, Postnikov, 'yan'uwa Grachev kuma, ba shakka, Karla Faberzhe. Ya ban mamaki fasaha don ci su ba kawai a san Rasha, amma kuma da na sarki kotuna na yammacin Turai. Duk da haka, da kayayyakin suna samuwa da kuma talakawa saye - muna magana ne game da shari'ar da silverware.

A cewar masana, karshen XIX - farkon karni XX ne zinariya shekaru na Rasha kayan ado art.

karni na ashirin

A cikin karni na ƙarshe a cikin kayan ado kafa manyan yawan inda ake nufi. A farkon shekarun da suka gabata na m style ne na zamani. Ma'adanin na kayan ado da tasiri aka gane a cikin matsananci wuya daga siffofi da kuma ado da ado. Rayayye amfani platinum, palladium, anodized aluminum. Sake samun shahararsa Diamonds. Fashion ado da zama, a kan wanda yada muhimmanci rinjayi shahara Koko Shanel.

A lokacin yakin da postwar shekaru, kayayyakin sun zama mafi sauki, da zinariya ne sau da yawa maye gurbinsu da tagulla. A cikin rabi na biyu na karni a ƙarƙashin rinjayar ba conformist ideas Masters fara yin amfani da sabon abu kayan, baya iya tsammani ba ga wani kayan ado kasuwanci: itace, roba, karfe da sauransu. Tare da ci gaban zamani fasahar bayyana ado da duwatsu hawainiya cewa zai iya canza launi dangane da yawan zafin jiki canje-canje ko da yanayi na mai shi. Zama m ladabi lu'u-lu'u na launi daban-daban.

A Soviet sau, Rasha kayan ado da kamfanonin samar da mafi yawan taro samar. Amma a karshen karni na karshe zamani Masters yi cikinsa rayar Kungiya na Jewelers na Rasha a kan komar da art na kayan ado ta zuwa ga tsohon ɗaukaka.

zamani art

Yau, kayan ado craft, watakila ma fiye da kafin, ta zama wani art. Ado ne daya nau'i na m magana. Modern Enterprises amfani more sana'a kayan aikin da kayan samuwa. Duk da haka, da yawa kayayyakin an sanya na roba kayan. Kuma ko da yake ba za su iya doke da kyakkyawa da kamala da na halitta duwatsu, duk da haka ya cancanci gasar tare da su.

Littafi ado art cancanci ci gaba da hadisai na tsohon Masters. Kuma da yin amfani da sababbin hanyoyin fasaha ba ka damar haifar mafi sabon abu da kuma ban sha'awa kayan ado.