A baki na Babban Bankin. Kasashen waje musayar baki: definition, inji

Yau, da manufofin da gudanar da musayar kudi na kasa kudin a kasashe da dama na duniya, domin wanda jihar bankunan tsakiya da ake kira kudin shisshigi, gyara domin wani daraja daga cikin gida da waje. Bayan sakewa kudi na kasa kudin zuwa taso kan ruwa da yardar kaina, za ka iya samun matsaloli a tattalin arzikin. Menene kudin shiga tsakani na Central Bank, da kuma yadda shi ne da za'ayi - wannan shi ne wajibi ne don fahimta a more daki-daki.

Fassara manufar shiga tsakani

Kudin shiga tsakani aka kira daya-kashe ma'amala ko sayar da kudin kasashen waje a Rasha Federation ne da za'ayi ta Bank of Rasha. A girma daga kasashen waje musayar baki ne yawanci quite manyan. Burinsu shi ne don sarrafa kudi na kasa kudin a cikin bukatun da ke jihar. Amma, wadannan ayyuka da ake aiwatar domin a karfafa kasa kudin, amma wani lokacin za su iya a aika da weakening.

Irin wadannan ayyuka suna iya motsa jiki da gagarumin tasiri duka biyu a kan kan kasashen waje musayar kasuwa a matsayin dukan, kuma a cikin shakka daga wani monetary naúrar. Kudin shisshigi an qaddamar da Babban Bankin kuma, in general, su ne babban Hanyar gudanar da manufofin kudi. Bugu da kari, tsari na kudin dangantakar, musamman a lokacin da ta je kasashe masu tasowa, na faruwa a tare da sauran IMF members. Don shiga cikin irin abubuwan janyo hankalin bankuna da kuma baitul, da kuma jan kafa suna da za'ayi ba kawai ago, amma kuma daraja karafa, musamman zinariya. Kudin shiga tsakani na Central Bank za'ayi na musamman da kafin tsari da aka za'ayi a cikin wani qayyadadden timeframe.

Sassan domin kiwon da ragewan da kasa kudin

A gaskiya, da tsarin ba da tsari na kasa kudin mai sauki ne, kuma an gina a kan manufa da "wadata da kuma bukatar". Idan dole, kara kudin na cikin gida da kudi da babban bankin kasar ya fara rayayye sayar da waje banknotes (yafi Amurka dollar), zai iya wani canzawa kudin a lokaci guda a yi amfani. Saboda haka, Central Bank ya shiga tsakani ba kaiwa zuwa haddi (ƙãra wadata) na kudin kasashen waje a cikin kudi kasuwa. A daidai wannan lokaci da Babban Bankin sayayya har na kasa kudin, wanda ya haifar da ƙarin bukatar shi, wanda ya yi shakka zai iya girma ko da sauri.

Kai tsaye gaban ne gudanar da kudin shiga tsakani na Central Bank, da nufin a weakening na kasa kudin, wanda aka fara sayar, ba kyale shi zuwa girma darajar. Sayen waje banknotes take kaiwa zuwa wucin gadi karanci a kasuwannin cikin gida.

Nau'in na kudin shisshigi

Abin lura shi ne cewa ba ko da yaushe Babban Bankin ya shiga tsakani ya shafi sayen kuma sayar da mai manyan adadin kudin, yayin da ƙagagge hanya za a iya za'ayi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, wani lokacin kira na fi'ili. A irin haka ne, Central Bank bari wasu jita-jita ko "duck", a sakamakon wanda da halin da ake ciki a cikin kudin kasuwar iya canza muhimmanci. Wani lokaci ƙagagge baki da ake amfani da su inganta sakamakon wannan kudin shiga tsakani. Har ila yau, sau da yawa sosai da dama bankuna iya hada da kokarin domin cimma da ake so sakamakon shi.

A yi ya nuna cewa fi'ili baki da Central Banks an yi amfani da fiye da akai-akai fiye da real. A rawa a irin wannan hali, kashi na mamaki taka. A cikin wani hali, da shiga tsakani na Central Bank, da nufin karfafa data kasance Trend a cikin kudin kasuwar, ayan zama mafi nasara fiye da magudi, da manufar wanda yake juya shi a gaban shugabanci.

Kudin shiga tsakani a Example Japan

Stories da aka sani lokuta na taro magudi da kudin kasuwar. Alal misali, a 2011, saboda da matsaloli a cikin Amurka da EU tattalin arziki, Japan ya daidaita da kudi na kasa kudin, da kuma hukumomin da aka tilasta rage shi. Japan ministan kudi ce cewa hasashe a cikin kudin kasuwar sun kai ga overvaluation na yen da kudin kasashen waje da kuma irin wannan halin da ake ciki ba ya dace da jihar tattalin arziki. Daga bisani, an yanke shawarar daidaita da musayar kudi na yen, tare da Babban Bankin kasashen yamma, domin wanda Japan ya sanya da dama manyan ma'amaloli a kan sayan kudin kasashen waje. A gabatarwar da kudin kasuwar tiriliyan yen taimaka wajen rage yawan zuwa 2%, da kuma daidaita tattalin arzikin kasar.

A amfani da yin amfani a Rasha

A daukan hankali misali na yin amfani da kudi yin amfani a Rasha za a iya lura tun 1995. Up zuwa wannan lokaci da Babban Bankin sayar kudin kasashen waje domin tsari na ruble, kuma a watan Yuli 1995, da manufa na musayar kudi band aka gabatar, bisa ga abin da darajar da kasa kudin da ya kamata a kiyaye a cikin wajabta iyaka da kuma ga wani lokaci. Duk da haka, canje-canje a cikin tattalin arzikin duniya, ta 2008, sun sanya wannan model na monetary siyasa m, sa'an nan aka gabatar dual kudin corridor. A wannan yanayin, da musayar kudi da aka kayyade a kan tushen da alakarta da dollar kuma Yuro. Ko dai hanya, da babban bankin kasashen waje musayar baki da za'ayi wadannan wannan monetary siyasa.

Events 2014-2015, rinjayi fruitfulness na Central Bank of Rasha kudin shisshigi, saboda haka, na karshe daga cikin jan ba ba da ake so sakamakon. A fall a man farashin, kuma sakamakon rage a cikin reserves na Central Bank da kuma kasafin kudin, sãɓã wa jũnamai ƙarshe sa kasashen waje musayar baki m, kuma m.

Alternative daidaitacce kudi

Yau, Rasha dogara ne a kan hydrocarbon fitarwa, wanda ya hana ci gaban na kasa kudin. Saboda haka, irin wannan kudi yin amfani, a matsayin baki na Babban Bankin, da abin da kasuwar aka tsare infused cikin dollar da Yuro ne kawai wajibi ne ga tattalin arzikin kasar. Duk da haka, a cikin hasken 'yan abubuwan da suka faru, a lokacin da baki na Babban Bankin daina taimakawa wajen iko da kudin na kasa kudin, da miƙa mulki ga wani iyo musayar kudi da aka aiwatar daga Nuwamba 10, 2014. Yanzu kasashen waje musayar baki da za'ayi sai a lokuta.

Zai yiwu, a cikin wannan labarin, an iyakarsa amsar tambayar, abin da yake da musayar kudi na babban bankin ya shiga tsakani ba, don haka mafi sosai tafi a cikin intricacies na kudi kida zai zama ma.