Zabe majalisar da ta rawa a cikin samuwar wani Karkasa jihar

Bayan zamanin Vasiliya Shuyskogo ya tambaya game da karfafa da united Rasha jihar. Yana da ya wajaba a gare shi ya sa wasu hukunci mataki - su tafi da decentralization zuwa karshen samar da wata kasa naúra da kuma fadada yankin kasar. Vasily III aza kawai farkon wannan tsari, da kuma warware matsaloli bar dansa Ivan, wanda shi ne kawai shekaru uku da haihuwa, a lokacin da mahaifinsa mutuwa.

A 1546 ƙaramar, nan gaba Ivan IV kai goma sha biyar (a wannan shekaru a can zo na shari'a da shekaru), da kuma ikon uwar gaba ɗaya ya wuce zuwa gare shi. A 1547, sai ya ɗauki suna na sarki. A sa kambi da aka gudanar a ɗauka cewa Cathedral. A wannan shekara akwai jerin gobara da kuma rare tawaye, wanda ya tabbatar da cewa a cikin al'umma akwai wata adawa tsakanin mutane da kuma boyars. Ivan IV fara karfafa yaki da boyar gwamnati, kawo mutane daga sauran kadarori. Inner da'irar kira "zaba Rada", wanda aka hada da irin wannan mutum a matsayin Andrei Kurbsky, Metropolitan Macarius da kuma firist Sylvester, Aleksey Adashev. Su za'ayi da wadannan sauye-sauye wanda sun tabbata ta sarautar Ivan:

1. A 1550 aka bayar da abin da ake kira Code of Law - mai sa na dokokin cewa ƙarfafa sarauta da iko.

2. A cikin sojojin akwai Strelets sojojin.

3. Akwai wani sauya kudi tsarin.

4. The gida da kuma tsakiyar gwamnati soke ciyar da kuma gabatar da tsarin umarni.

5. Akwai wani sauya coci.

A canje-canje sun kai ga cewa a wani gajeren lokaci a kasar muhimmanci karu da ikon dalĩli. Zaba Rada da tsarin gwamnatin su ne mafi tasiri. All yanke shawara riƙi a farkon shekaru 50 na karni, an nufin centralizing ikon sarki. Duk da cewa da zabe majalisar da ta sake fasalin da kyau tasiri a kan jihar da kuma karfafa sarauta da iko, da aka narkar a 1560. A dalilan da wannan kasance da dama. Sarkin daina amintacce ayarinsa don mutane, musamman a lokacin da ake zargin cin amanar kasa bayan ya yi gudun hijira zuwa Poland Andreya Kurbskogo. Har ila yau, ya yi girma bambance-bambance a ra'ayi kan kasashen waje da kuma na cikin gida da manufofin.

A 1565, Ivan IV kafa wani sabon sarki gado - oprichnina, wanda hada da ci gaban tattalin arziki na yankuna. A nan, sarki ya kafa gwamnatin gawarwakin - wani tunani, a kotu, umarni, da kuma oprichnina sojojin, wanda daga baya ya juya a cikin wani kayan aiki na siyasa tsõro. Zaba Rada da oprichnina aka bai punitive ayyuka, amma idan na farko azabtar kawai boyars, da oprichnina da iko a kan dukkan azuzuwan. A sakamakon mamayar da 'yan oprichnina a jihar kafa wani azzaluman gwamnatin hukumomin Ivan IV. Sarki sanã'anta da sunan barkwanci "da Munin" A cikin wadannan m shekaru.

Duk da haka, da zamanin tsõro ya kasa tasiri fiye da zaba Rada da manufofin. A sakamakon haka, sarki ya soke oprichnina a 1572. Bayan da cewa, kasar ta samu siyasa da tattalin arziki crises na 70s-80s. Bugu da kari, akwai ya kasance mai halakar gonaki, wanda su ne kashin bayan tattalin arzikin kasar - da suka mayar da hankali a zaba Rada. Oprichnina sun fi mayar da kai zuwa ga wata janar rikicin na iko da kuma mai zuwa Lokaci na matsaloli.