Pushkin Apartment Museum (Moika, 12)

A tarihin rayuwa da mutuwa da mai girma Rasha mawãƙi ne ko da yaushe sha'awar da yawa magoya. Make wani baiwa daga wani icon, ko ya gan shi a matsayin wani mutum - wani sirri zabi na kowane daga cikin mu. Domin na biyu category, akwai da Pushkin Museum a St. Petersburg.

Last gidaje

Own gidan ko Apartment a St. Petersburg, Pushkin ya ba. Mansion a kan Moika Embankment, 12, kusa da gada stables, mallakar Prince Volkonsky - suka mawãƙi da na ɗauki 11 dakuna, wanda ya kori tare da iyalinsa a cikin Satumba 1836.

Wannan Apartment shi ne na karshe tsari na mawãƙi ya rayu a nan domin kawai game da watanni biyar. Ganuwar da gidan, wanda shi ne yanzu da Pushkin Apartment Museum (Moika, 12), sun shaida da bakin ciki wasan kwaikwayo da ya kai ga mutuwa daga cikin manyan Rasha mawãƙi ne. Mortally samu rauni a wani duel, ya rasu a nan a kan 10 Fabrairu 1837, karantar da matarsa kalla makoki na tsawon shekaru biyu, sa'an nan kuma aure da wani mutumin kirki.

A cewar da yawa da shaidunka, fushi a matarsa da mawãƙi ba rike: ya kasance ko da yaushe m da ita, ta ya ko da yaushe ya nema ya kare. Ta touchingly kula da mijinta har karshe sa'o'i ransa. A kalaman na ƙiyayya da hukunci, buga matasa mace bayan mutuwar mawãƙi, da aka wuya cancanci.

Long hanya zuwa ga gidan kayan gargajiya

Events na karshe watanni na rayuwa da kuma aka amince wa lãbãri, wanda hanya da aka quite ƙayayuwa. Gaskiyar cewa wata rana za a bude a wadannan adireshi: nutse, 12-Apartment Pushkin Museum, a cikin waɗannan kwanaki ba wanda ya sani. Nan da nan bayan mutuwar haka abubuwa da yawa da aka mika wa abokai da iyali, da kuma iyali koma wani rustic gidan gona.

A qasaita Volkonskiis shiga sabon sufurin. Bayan shekarar 1900 shi ya tuba a cikin wani Apartment gidan (na maye gurbin mai yawan baƙi), da kuma bayan da juyin juya halin na 1917, shi ya zamantakewa daula. Mutane da yawa iyali abubuwa da kuma kayayyakin da aka irretrievably rasa.

Kokarin da dogon an kokarin shirya Pushkin Museum. Kwatami, 12 - address, wanda shi ne manufa domin wannan. A farkon karni na ashirin, Pushkin House da aka kafa a mallaka Academy of Sciences, wanda aka sanya da manufa da tattara da warwatse kayayyakin gargajiya. Its ma'aikata iya saya daga jikan mawãƙi library (3,700 kundin) - shi ne yanzu wakilci a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya. Mun gudanar da tattaunawa tare da Paris fan of Pushkin (as za mu ce a yau, a fan). Ya tattara a cikin Apartment mai ban sha'awa tarin sirri abubuwa, autographs, hotuna na mawãƙi da iyalinsa. Wadannan abubuwa sun fara komawa gida kawai bayan da tara ta mutuwa a shekara ta 1925.

hatsi da hatsi

Ma'aikata na gidan kayan gargajiya - da real masu goyon baya na kasuwanci. Duk da cewa ya yiwu a samu a cikin daban-daban kudi, an a hankali tattara. Tsira da shaida da kuma takardun da kafa da Apartment a cikin abin da Pushkin Museum (Moika, 12), a mayar da har zuwa ne zai yiwu a zamani yanayi.

Wasu abubuwa da gaske an kiyaye su. A kabad tsaye butan na jan yaƙutu gilashi, a cikin abin da mawãƙi kiyaye fi so Madeira, da kuma gaba a tire - ragowar na iyali azurfa, cokali, kuma ladle. Bayan gilashin ka iya ganin kankanin shirt, wanda aka yi masa baftisma, ɗan mawãƙi, da kuma wani ɓaɓɓake daga zane, wanda aka rufe da ganuwar (fuskar bangon waya a waɗannan kwanaki ya ba su aikata).

Tare da musamman soyayya buga wani binciken da library na mawãƙi ne. Ga shi ya wakilci fiye da 4 dubu littattafai, wanda ya tattara kansa, kazalika da wani dozin na dubban littattafai a harsuna 17.

Ajiye da kuma rubuce-rubuce tebur Pushkin, ya fi so "Voltaire" kujera tare da duhu ruwan hoda upholstery, akwati, da takobi, da kyauta abokai. Wani nuna, wanda shi ne na gaskiya, yin alfahari da Pushkin Museum (St. Petersburg, Moika, 12), - a fi so mawãƙi inkwell ado arapchonka adadi a cikin zinariya wando da kuma da tara. Alexander kansa alfahari da asalin, bai taba rasa wata damar jaddada halayyar fasali na waje, saboda haka da trinket ya so.

Fatan alkalami, wanda aka haka aka gudanar a cikin hannãyenku, sanya a cikin wani shãfe haske akwatin tare da wani m murfin. A fili, da riƙe na "sihiri" Stationery akwai mutane da yawa comers.

A batu na Sarkin sarakuna

Akwai a cikin ofishin da 'yan sanduna, da wanda Pushkin tafiya a fadin gada daga arewacin babban birnin kasar. Daga cikin su - ya fi so, Ya sanya daga bamboo, tare da button maimakon Bitrus I da ƙurma. Sabanin abin da mawãƙi gaya a Soviet makarantu, shi ba haka ba yawa wani jirgin saman soja da tsarism. Kuma da monarch aikata kisan-kiyashi bayan awo - ga Soviet shugabanni , ya kasance da nisa.

An sani cewa Pushkin, yayin da a kan Kafin ya mutu, sai ya tambaye Nicholas I hakuri da duel kuma samu wani m reply to da wajibi ba su bar manta iyali mawãƙi ne. A bayanin kula rike tsakanin ta farfado Pushkin Museum. Kwatami, 12 - karshe adireshin da mawãƙi, don haka da cewa harafi ne a wurin.

Gaskiya ga wa'adinSa, a hanya, da sarki kiyaye, game da shi, bada Yunƙurin zuwa wani sabon zagaye na tsegumi game da al'amarinsa da Natalia Nikolaevna (wanda kawai wannan har abada da ciki mace amma ba a ɗaure). A fili, da dama zuwa Monica Bellucci, cewa mutane za su iya gafarta wani mutum hankali, kuma ko da iyawa, amma ba kyakkyawa.

A gidan kayan gargajiya lãbãri

Daga cikin farfado ne na girma darajar a zamanin rayuwarsa hotuna na mawãƙi da Sahaban, fentin da sanannen Rasha artists. Mutane daya-daya da hankali, da zane-zanen shahara painters - Aivazovsky, Repin, Myasoedova da sauransu sadaukar da batun Pushkin ..

Yanzu Pushkin Museum (Moika, 12) qunshi 9 dakuna. A kasa, a kan benen kasa, biyu dakuna suna kishin bude wani tunawa nuni - jagora ya gabatar da baƙi zuwa karshe watanni na mawãƙi ta rayuwa, tare da sarkar of events cewa kai shi ga Black River. Nan za ka iya ganin asali m m harafi wanda ya Pushkin (kuma ya wadãtu da cewa aiko shi Dantes), da dakika hotuna, kira misali (da kuma wasan yanayi), kazalika da biyu daga dueling Pistols.

A gidan kayan gargajiya lãbãri ne gina ma'ana: da wasan kwaikwayo wãtsa daga zauren zuwa zauren da kuma ƙare a wannan karamin dakin, a cikin abin da suka tsaya cikin akwatin gawa tare da jikin marigayin mawãƙi ne. Mun zo nan ce ban kwana ga shi da yawa Fans, akwai kuma wani mutuwa mask, a locket tare da kulle na gashi na mawãƙi ne. Irin wannan sabon abu request bayyana Turgenev - Museum (Moika, 12) nuna wa rubutu, bisa ga abin da gashi aka yanka a rana ta biyu bayan mutuwar da mawãƙi wa valet, wanda haka sanã'anta da zinariya. A kan bango m, bayan da gilashi, za ka iya ganin falmaran da fari safar hannu, a cewa shoot Alexander.

Dalilin da duel

Dole ne in ce cewa dukan labarin na duel ba haka ba ne mai sauki, kuma Schematic, kamar yadda aka bayyana da dalibai. Rawar da Natalya Nikolaevna a ban tausayi tarihi na wasu hotheads fassara a matsayin korau, amma, bisa ga m halaye Sahaban, ta kasance mai shiru mace, secularism Allah bai haskaka ba. A lokacin haihuwar "guguwa romance" tare da Dantes Goncharova sake yi tsammani yaro - da kuma ta ciki tafi ba yana nufin Rosy.

Zai yiwu Jihar Pushkin rinjayi halin da ake ciki a duniya: matarsa harbe har a kusa da wani vortex na datti insinuations cewa ya ji zamar masa dole ya amsa da shi.

Gaskiya, da Myths

An m yi ɓatanci cewa samu Pushkin, kuma da dama daga cikin abokansa, inda mawãƙi aka kira "cuckold", ya zama hukunci dalilin da duel. Alexander dangana da marubucinsa matasa Heeckeren, amma real mãsu laifi ba za a iya kafa wannan rana. Da yawa Malaman tarihi ninka version.

Wasu daga cikin zargi a lamarin Idalia Poletika (na biyu dan uwan dan uwan Natalia Nikolaevna). Ka ce, shi ne ta na da wani al'amari da d'Anthes, a butulci Pushkin bauta mãkircin a murfin, ga wanda mawãƙi zãlunci biya.

Sauran "m" zuwa downright delusional versions cewa Heeckeren wani waje leken asiri, da kuma Pushkin yi niyya ya kashe shi, saboda ya yi tare da m sabis.

amince da kwararru

Don ji mai jiwuwa version na aukuwa daga lebe na masana, da ka je zuwa ga adireshin nan: Moika 12. Apartment Pushkin ya zama karshe wurin hutawarka, da yawa don su gaya wa mutum wanda yana shirye ya duba kuma ku saurara. Shiriyar a gidan kayan gargajiya na kirki daga cikin mafi girma yabo. By kanta, shi ne quite kananan, don haka m bauta yawon shakatawa.

A sakamakon haka, guda rigor, wanda aka kafa ta Pushkin Museum (Moika, 12), photo farfado, wanda aka located a cikin ginshiki, ba za ka iya ganin a da yawa online albarkatun - nan daukar hoto da aka haramta. A wasu dakuna da amfani da kamarar ko kamara ne a yarda, shi zai biya wani maras muhimmanci adadin na wadannan kwanaki.

Museum aiki kullum daga rabin da goma da safe har shida da yamma, kashe - Talata. Ya kamata a haifa tuna cewa tikitin ofishin ne bude har 17:00, bayan wannan lokaci da ciki shi ne ba a can, don haka shirya wani gangamin mafi alhẽri a cikin safe.