A takaice: gyaran Stolypin, da asalinta da kuma sakamakon

A takaice, da gyare-gyare na Stolypin ta agrarian kansu ne definition na wani hadadden na matakan, wanda aka aiwatar don inganta halin da ake ciki na manoma a kasar, kazalika da farfadowa da tattalin arziki da rayuwa na jihar.

A gabatarwa na garambawul (takaice)

Stolypin ta gyara nufi wani m zamanintar da jama'a, siyasa da tattalin arziki rayuwa na jihar. Batun shi ne cewa tuni a karshen XIX - na farko shekaru goma na XX karni fili dage farawa danda da backlog na Rasha Empire daga raya ƙasashe na Turai. Kuma ko da fādar sarki ci gaba haskakawa lush da bukukuwa da karuwa da sauri alatu zamanin] aular m rikicin a kasar. Kayayyaki da kuma huldar cinikaiya sun ɓullo da talauci, da samuwar na bourgeoisie da kuma aiki ajin basu hakura a baya a su rates daga yammacin duniya, da aikin noma, kamar yadda wani karni da suka wuce, ya ginu ne kan wani m manual aiki, wanda sharply contrasted tare da sakamakon juyin juya halin masana'antu a Ingila, Faransa da kuma ko da Jamus. Bugu da ƙari, sosai aristocracy a Rasha, domin mafi yawan bangare ba hanzarta don canja wurin da tattalin arzikin na da gonaki a jari hujja hanya, ci gaba da matsi da ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga manoma. Abin da ya ce game da karshen. Serfdom da aka soke rabin karni da suka wuce, amma shi ne mai relic, a yankunan karkara al'umma, kuma ba a shafe ta. Empire kasai raunanar da ciki sake cikin bakin ciki hanyar Iran da kuma Turkey, wanda suke zuwa wannan lokaci juya a cikin wani Semi-albarkatun kasa appendages na Turai. Stolypin ta agrarian garambawul (a takaicce za su tattauna da shi a kasa), kazalika da sake fasalin a wasu sassa na jihar tattalin arzikin zamanin] aular a fili. Da firaministan kasar da kansa ya zo iko a cikin firgita 1906, a lokacin da a karon farko a karkashin Nikolaem Romanovym kursiyin tottered.

Stolypin garambawul: summary

Da canji na Bitrus Abramovich shãfe da dama yankunan da ke jihar. A musamman, da Zemstvo garambawul nuna mafi tartsatsi a fadin kasar hukumomin yankin kai gwamnati, abin da ya kamata an maye gurbinsu da reactionary nobility da gentry (a Ukraine) hukumomi. Industrial garambawul gabatar da sabon dokoki a wani aikin dangantaka, wadda aka sosai dole cikin sharuddan gwamnatin aji na industrialists, arzikin masu arziki da kuma ma'aikata. Duk da haka, mafi muhimmanci aiki a tsarist gwamnati ta fara da canji a fannin aikin gona.

A kan dalilai na agrarian garambawul, da kuma (a takaice)

Stolypin ta sake fasalin aikin noma da aka nufin samar da wani karfi aji na m baƙauye gonaki (misali, American manoman), kazalika da a kan ci gaban da fadi da bude sarari na Siberia. Domin na farko da burin, tare da goyon bayan da jihar bashi banki ya fita rance en sun mayar duk da sha'awar manoma su fita daga cikin al'umma don ƙirƙirar nasu tattalin arzikin. By gwamnatin ta daraja shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa kashi da aka sosai low kuma posilen. Duk da haka, idan ba biya na aro sayi ƙasar da aka zaba da kuma sake fallasa for sale. haka m kara kuzari da tattalin arziki aiki. A Siberia, ƙasar kasaftawa da gwamnatin da kuma duk kyauta ga kowa da kowa, bisa ga na biyu gyara shirin. Hukuma ya karfi da kara kuzari da muhallinsa na manoma a cikin gabashin kasar da kuma ci gaba da more rayuwa a can. abin da ake kira "Stolypin kekunan shanun" da aka halitta da wannan manufa.

A sakamakon na agrarian garambawul (takaice)

Stolypin ta gyara zahiri fara ba da sakamako mai kyau. Duk da haka, an ragae Peter Abramovich ta mutuwa a 1911, sa'an nan gaba daya ta katse yakin duniya na farko. Duk da haka, kadan fiye da 10% zo daga baƙauye aji al'ummomi ta tura m tattalin arziki aiki, kasuwa-daidaitacce. A zamani historiography aiki Bitrus Stolypin kiyasta gaskiya ma a kan dukan.