Misalan kwarewa a cikin adabi da kuma magana. Words of kwarewa a cikin daban-daban sassa na aiki

Kowane irin sana'a, yana da ƙayyadaddu, ba kawai a cikin ayyuka amma kuma a cikin ƙamus. Sharuddan, sunayen kayayyakin aiki, aiki ayyuka - duk da wannan yana da definition, m kawai don kwararru. Ci gaba na shara duniyar tamu, kuma da ci gaban kimiyya bayyana more kuma mafi sabon kalmomi. Alal misali, ya kamata a lura da cewa a yau, kusan 60 dubu sunayen akwai a cikin filin na lantarki, da kuma a cikin sanannun kamus Ozhegova su a 3000 kasa. In ba haka ba, kamar yadda fashewa da terminology, shi ne ba da ake kira.

Kwarewa a cikin harshen Rashanci: wurin da muhimmancin

Da farko, bari mu ayyana wannan sabon abu. Production lexicon - m harshen tsarin, wanda shi ne mai hade da duk kimiyya da fasaha Concepts da lakabobi. Shi ne mafi cigaban bayanai aiki.

Special ƙamus ratsa da kuma wallafe-wallafen harshen, wanda shi ne cikakken makawa, tun sosai na musamman kalmomi iya da kyau zama amfani ga haƙiƙa dalilai. Wannan ya hada da popularization na kimiyya da ilmi, da kuma inganta rayuwar al'umma da al'adu, da kuma amfani ga zamani fasahar sadarwa. Alal misali, a yau mun san cewa wannan apogee da perigee, babu wanda zai yi mamaki da magana "taushi saukowa" ko Lunar kimiyya.

Wallafe-wallafen harshen da masu sana'a ƙamus da na kowa tushen kalmar-samuwar kuma baya sake zagayowar iya zama haka: riga aka sani ra'ayi zuwa wani sabon darajar, wanda yana da wani kunkuntar specialization.

Sadarwa da kwararru iri iri na kimiyya takardunku, rahotanni da kuma samar da rahotanni dauke da misalai na kwarewa, wanda suna da nasu rarrabuwa.

Rabe-raben harsuna Concepts na musamman ƙamus

Da farko, wannan lokaci (daga Latin - "Iyakar"). Saboda haka ne kalmar ko jumlar (a cikin wasu kalmomi - da wata ãyã harshen), wanda da ma'ana da musamman ra'ayi. Cewa sharuddan kunshe a mafi yawan neologisms bayyana kwanan nan. An misali ne kwarewa a magani.

Terminological: da aka gyara - shi ne, a gaskiya, duk da wannan rabe-ãyõyi, amma da yawa sun shũɗe da juyin halitta daga aiki a matsayin fragmented (guda) ma'anar kafin a haɗa a cikin wani mai jiwuwa ka'idar kimiyya.

Da sunan (Latin for "iyali sunan"). Yana da wani m category na ƙamus, isharar guda a bayyane abu. Alal misali, sa'ad da muka nuna da kayan aiki da kuma cewa yana da oscilloscope, abin da za mu gabatar da shi a kowace lokaci shi da zaran ka ji wannan kalma. Don da layman ba shi yiwuwa su yi tunanin wata na'urar da cewa ya fassara lantarki oscillations.

Mai demokra] iyya mas'ala ta musamman ƙamus - shi ne kwarewa. Special rarraba su samu a cikin tattaunawar, kamar yadda mafi yawan su na yau da kullum synonymous tare da kimiyya Concepts. Misali na kwarewa da za a iya samu a kamus, jaridu da mujallu, da kuma wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu, suna da yawa da za'ayi a cikin wadannan ayoyin, alama-ma'ana aiki.

rarrabuwa na aukuwa

Akwai hanyoyi uku na samuwar musamman kalmomi:

- A gaskiya lexical. Shi ne fitowan da sabon musamman abubuwa. Alal misali, masunta daga kalmomin "shkerit" (Gut kifi) kafa da sunan sana'a - "shkershik".

- lexical-na ginin jumla. Ana zargin jargon ta sake tunani riga aka sani kalma, cewa shi ne, bayyanar da sabon darajar. Domin firintocinku ba hula headdress, da kuma hada da dama wallafe BBC. A bututu mafarauci wakiltar kõme ba, fãce da wutsiya na dila.

- Lexical derivation. Misalai jargon tasowa a cikin wannan hanya, shi ne mai sauki domin sanin, tun da wannan Bugu da kari na suffixes ko kalmomi. Kowa ya san abin da ajiye (madadin inji ko sashi don wani abu), ko shugaban edita - da edita a shugaba.

Features jawabin da musamman kalmomi

Duk da bayyana iyakance a cikin yin amfani da kwarewa samu a duk styles na Rasha harshe. Rashin ruwa daga cikin aikin hukuma style ba mamaki, saboda haka, da kuma kwarewa a cikin sauki aiki na isar da ma'ana da furcin.

Game da kimiyya magana, akwai kwarewa da amfani da dama dalilai:

- ga mafi assimilation of bayanai ta musamman ƙamus hasashe.

- sa shi yiwuwa a da sauri haddace da rubutu saboda da damar Concepts.

- guje wa tautology, aka sa a cikin wuri sharuddan misalai na kwarewa.

Domin aikin jaridar, kuma m styles na yin amfani da takamaiman kalmomi faruwa tare da wannan aiki:

- bayanai;

- sadarwa (ba kawai ma'amala gwarzo wani gwarzo, amma mai karatu-marubucin).

- saving kokarin jawabin - kwarewa ko da yaushe bayyana guntu lokaci.

- fahimi, forming fahimi sha'awa.

Inda akwai musamman kalmomi

Babban tushen kwarewa, na farko, suke 'yan qasar Rasha kalmomi sun halartar na ginin jumla sake tunani. Sun fito daga janar ƙamus: misali, ga lantarki waya zama bakin ciki gashi. Salon magana vernacular ƙamus tafki ba da sunan wani guduma rike - ubivka da jargon miƙa direban downtime kira "kimarit". Ko gida yaruka shared definition ga babban hanya - karauka.

Wani bincike shi ne bayyanar musamman kalmomi aro daga sauran harsuna. Mafi na kowa daga gare su, kwarewa - misalai na kalmomi a cikin magani. Mene ne sunan Take, m Latin, fãce da duck karkashin gado. Ko, misali, da waje labaru tare da wani nau'i kira cliché, daga abin da muka yi kawai nadi na siffa bar sanya shi.

Duk wani masana'antu yana da abubuwa da cewa yin up wani tsarin a cikin abin da azuzuwan za a iya saki. Kuma a sa'an nan, kuma wani na bukatar wasu sunayen for kunsawa a cikin thematic kungiyoyin.

Game da lexical kuma thematic kungiyoyin

Professional sunayen dauke da ba ilimi kawai ba game da tattalin arziki, amma kuma da hali daga magana ga batun. Daga wannan ra'ayi, su ne haƙiƙa (yawanci a nomeny) da kuma kayadadden:

- nuna korau ko irony ga batun. Saboda haka, karkatattun inji masu motoci - akwatin gawa.

- labarta kai tsaye zuwa cikin title. Yana haka ya zama m m jirgin sama.

- Ko a kan ingancin aikin iya nuna kwarewa. Misalai na kalmomi a cikin shiri na masonry ce pustoshovka (dan kadan mai narkewa) ko tudun na duniya (m bango).

Dukkan wadannan kungiyoyin ne batun wasu sadarwa, da kuma suka tsattsage up gaskiya da kalmominSa.

Game da lexical-na ginin jumla kungiyoyin

Professional kalmomi suna da ha ba kawai ta gaban wani tunanin da kimantawa a cikin batun, ko suna, amma kuma yi hul] a da juna. Wannan ya shafi na ginin jumla dangantakar: synonymy, homonymy, polysemy, misãli. Wadannan kungiyoyin za a iya bambanta a wannan batun:

- Words cewa ne m, a kowa lexicon. Da darajar za a iya samu ta hanyar bude Dictionary. Kwarewa da oda a cikin Rasha da harshen da yawa: mine - babban mezhkolonochnye sarari a kan wata jarida page.

- terminology ma'ana. A bangarori daban-daban na gwaninta yana nufin abu guda. Alal misali, masu motoci, magina da machinists ya da ya kira "fensir".

- mahara kalmomi. The kalmar "Vaz", kuma sanannun dabi'u na abin hawa a matsayin alamar kasuwanci, a tunani zuwa wani musamman camshaft a inji aikin injiniya.

Kuma a karshe, a kan jargon

Kowane irin sana'a, yana da yawan kalmomi, phrases, motsin, wanda dauke da wani sosai mai haske magana. Yana da kullum na yau da kullum ma'ana na wasu sharuddan. Suna amfani ne kawai a magana da harshen a sadarwar kwararru suna kira "masu sana'a jargon."

A ƙayyadaddu na wannan harshe ta sa shi m ga hannun mutum, wanda shi ne a waje na da ikon yinsa, daga ayyukan. Mutane da yawa shirye-shirye da tinge na kwarewa jargon: sintali, a kare ko wani gado. Sun riga sun fi kama da irin harshe na dabam - mai zaman yare kowa a cikin kunkuntar sana'a ko asocial yanayi. harshen aiki a asirce, ya kawai "su".

ƙarshe

Duk abin da ya shafi masu sana'a ƙamus, jargon, kuma ko da irin harshe na dabam, dole ne ka kullum karatu, kamar yadda shi ne quite babban lexical Layer, wanda ba za a iya watsi da, tun da shi nuna irin tarihi matakai da kuma ci gaban al'umma.