Tarayyar Soviet Jihar Tsaro kwamitin: The Story of tsaron sabis

A shekarar 1991, Tarayyar Soviet ta watse. Jihar Tsaro kwamitin ya bace tare da kasar. Duk da haka, da memory na shi ne har yanzu da rai, ba kawai a cikin post-Soviet sarari, amma kuma nisa fiye.

A lissafi na KGB - wani iyaka yawan musamman yadda ake gudanar, wanda ya mai tsanani tasiri a kan ci gaban da siyasa halin da ake ciki a duniya. Mun tsira mai yawa tunanin na daya daga cikin mafi tasiri leken a duniya ta hanyar almara. Daruruwan labarbaru, myths, sunayen da sauran kowa sunaye.

samar da Tsarin

Nan da nan bayan nasarar juyin juya halin halitta sabon mutane ta gwamnatin gawarwakin for musamman dalilai a cikin Tarayyar Soviet. A jihar Tsaro kwamitin de jure bayyana ne kawai a 1954. A wannan lokaci, bayan Stalin ta mutuwa, akwai quite a manyan sikelin-gyare-gyare. Hukumomin tsaro sun ma halartar canje-canje. KGB, a gaskiya, wanzu da da ewa kafin cewa, kawai sa wasu sunayen. A sashen da aka quite m, da kuma shugabanninta taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin siyasa na jam'iyyar. Musamman tun da ake kira Khrushchev ta "narke", a lokacin da jam'iyyar ta fara sannu a hankali motsa daga haihuwa akida da kuma ƙara zuwa birgima cikin laka na burokrasi da nomenclature.

A postwar lokaci, har sai 1954, ci gaba sikelin kontrshpionskaya shirin a cikin tarayyar Soviet. Jihar Tsaro kwamitin ya dauki kai tsaye sashi a cikinsa. Shi ne mai babbar adadin 'yan leƙen asirin, magewaya, labaru da sauransu. Duk da haka, a lokacin da Khrushchev ya gyara aikinsa, da aka da yawa taqaitaccen ma'aikata. Kamar yadda ya zama sananne daga buga takardu a Rasha, sun yanke kusan rabin jama'a.

A matsayi na KGB

Ma'aikata na Soviet m sabis sarrafawa duk matakai a cikin kasar da kuma kasashen waje, wanda na iya barazana ga lafiyar mutane. A Moscow, akwai wani tsakiyar iko. Har ila yau yana da su kwamitocin tsakiya a kowace kasa. Saboda haka, domin na Moscow echoed a cikin Republican gwamnati, wanda ya kasance 14, sa'an nan - zuwa filin. A kowane birni, yankin na mulkin kai sun ma sassan. Jami'an tsaro, kamar yadda suka kira ta da mutane daga cikin jami'an da hannu a gudanar da bincike na da muhimmanci musamman ko high-profile laifuka, counterintelligence, gano 'yan leƙen asirin, siyasar' yan adawa. Daya ne ke da alhakin wannan reshe. Akwai ma wasu.

sashen

Wannan sashen na tsaron kan iyaka, da kare Jihar Cordon da kuma hana shigowa da yiwuwar hatsari mutane da kuma ficewar unreliable abubuwa. Counterintelligence Division, wanda aka tsunduma a anti-kayan leken asiri aiki. Sashen sirri na kasashen waje. Ya shirya musamman ayyukan da kasashen waje, ciki har da ikon. Har yanzu wanzu sashen cewa hulda da akida al'amurran da suka shafi kasashen waje da kuma a cikin Tarayyar Soviet. Jihar Tsaro kwamitin ya biya musamman da hankali ga wannan yanki. Ma'aikatan kai tsaye da hannu a cikin iko da kuma halittar m aiki kayayyakin. Jamiái dauka waje ma'aikatan al'adu harkarsa ga waɗanda ciyar kwaminisanci akida.

Known gefen ayyukan

Daya daga cikin KGB da ya fi shahara aiki da aka za'ayi a shekara ta 1945. Tarayyar Soviet gina bayan da devastation na yaki. A farkon watan Fabrairu, da Crimea ya bude wani yara hutu sansanin "Artek". A grand bude bikin na Amurka da kuma Birtaniya jakadun da aka gayyace. A karshen bikin na majagaba rera waka da take kasar na United States of America a matsayin haraji ga asali soja alliance. Next flattered Harriman mika katako aikin hannu gashi na makamai. Unsuspecting jakadan sun rataye shi a bisa tebur. The gashi na makamai da aka ba samuwa a wannan lokaci na musamman kwaro "Chrysostom". Ya iya aiki da kansa ba tare da wutar lantarki. Ya yarda da hukumomin leken asiri kamar yadda 8 shekaru don sauraron jakadan ta ofishin. Bayan da aka gano wani sauraro na'ura, da Amirkawa kokarin kwafe shi, amma ga wani wadãtar.

soja

A jihar Tsaro kwamitin da Tarayyar Soviet majalisar ministocin kasar da aka sau da yawa da hannu a daban-daban ayyukan soji. Daya daga cikin na farko shi ne "Operation guguwa". A shekarar 1956, wani tawaye fara a Hungary da na jam'iyya mai mulki, wanda yake shi ne aminci ga Tarayyar Soviet. Jihar Tsaro kwamitin sa'an nan ɓullo da wani shirin kawar da shugabannin 'yan tawaye.

A karshen Nuwamba a Budapest juya jini fadace-fadace tsakanin magoya bayan na kasa counter-revolution (yawa daga waɗanda aka goyan bayan da uku Reich lokacin yakin duniya na II) a daya hannun, da kuma Hungarian tsaro sabis tare da Soviet sojojin - a kan sauran. Tarayyar Soviet Jihar Tsaro kwamitin bai dauki bangare a su, duk da haka, ya ɓullo da wani shirin kama daya daga cikin shugabannin 'yan tawaye - Imre Nagy. Yake boye a cikin Yugoslav ofishin jakadancin, inda ya aka fraudulently lured kuma mika Romanian gefe, inda aka kama shi.

Samu invaluable kwarewa taimaki KGB bin wani irin aiki a Czechoslovakia, inda counter-neman sauyi tawaye ma ya kashe, tare da taimakon sojojin Tarayyar Soviet a cikin ra'ayi na rashin iyawa na kwaminisanci tsarin mulki a Czechoslovakia, yi shi da kanka.

Tarayyar Soviet Jihar Tsaro kwamitin da aka kafa a shekarar 1954 da kuma dade har 1991. A tunawa da daya daga cikin mafi nasara hukumomin leken asiri nace to wannan rana a duniya.