Khrushchev, a zamanin mulkin: zamanin da shafi

Zai yiwu kowane shugaban kasar Rasha bayyana, ya kasance a cikin matsayi da wani tsanani lokaci, tuna jama'a epochal ayyukansu. Sun zargi ko yaba, amma su sunayen ne dole saba wa kowane schoolchild. Kuma ba kawai sunayen, amma dukan zamanin, wadda ake dangantawa da su - su ne don haka daban-daban. Stalin ta Association - shi ne wani yanayi na danniya da kuma tsoron total ikon, Gorbachev - don haka a yau shaida, shaida gyara, hadaddun da sunansa da aka kunshe a cikin sauran harsuna na duniya, - «perestroika». A lokacin mulkin na Hruscheva N. S. bar cikin mutane ta memory sama da dukan de-Stalinization tsari, narke da grandiose kamfani ya ci tura. Daga cikin karshen - ci gaban da budurwa asashe da kuma "masara almara". Duk da haka, Khrushchev, a lokacin wanda sarautar dade daga 1953 zuwa 1964, ya yi kamar yadda shugaban kasa a babba taimako zuwa ga fasaha da kimiyya ci gaba. Bari mu tuna babban events na epoch.

Khrushchev: sarautar da kuma narke

Wannan tsari da ake dangantawa da farko tare da XX Congress na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis, wanda aka aza harsashin ginin sabon zamanin ga kasar. A nan a watan Fabrairu 1954, sabon sakataren aka karanta wani rahoto debunking na Stalin ta sadaukarwa da hali, kazalika da abstracts na ta hanyoyi da dama don cimma gurguzanci. Hard da kuma wani lokacin m matakan da suka gabata epoch, tasowa daga jiya ta uncompromising akidar kwaminisanci ideas a yaki da Contra, aka yanke wa hukunci. Kamar yadda wani madadin, shi samarwa da ra'ayin zaman lafiya na kasashen da daban-daban tattalin arziki tsarin, amma kuma hau kan wani akan rage akida iko a kan al'umma. A wannan girmamawa, Khrushchev, a lokacin wanda sarautar da aka alama ta dokar ta-Stalinization, alama farkon karshen Tarayyar Soviet a matsayin totalitarian jihar. A wasu kalmomin, yanzu iko da taro akidar kawai ki kawo a shekaru goma da marubuta na sittin, bayan ashirin - don hukunta hukuma "a kowane kitchen", kuma daga baya thirties kurege, da dukan tsarin. Duk da haka, da m fi na baya da laifi fursunoni, mayar da Crimean Tatars, da kwata 'yanci daga kangin al'adu Sphere - mana, da m sakamakon na narke. A 1950-1960-ies akwai wani gagarumin Yunƙurin na Soviet cinema da kuma wallafe-wallafe.

Khrushchev: A lokacin zamanin mulkin na kasa da kasa halin da ake ciki

A nan, cikin zamanin sosai sabanin. A daya hannun, akwai na duniya détente: sassauta overall kasashen waje da manufofin na Union, ziyararsa ta farko zuwa kasashen yammaci shugabannin (kamar Charles de Gaulle), da kanta a muhimman hakkokin amincewa da Gwamuwar biyu tsarin, da kyautata dangantakar da {asar Yugoslavia, a karkashin Tito. Karshe na dogon lokaci da jũna a Stalin ta gwamnati kamar yadda "farkisanci clique" (saboda nasu layi na Tito a cikin ci gaban da kasar su, da bambanci ga wani adadin yar tsana gwamnatoci a gabashi da yammacin Turai). A daya hannun, shi ne a wannan zamanin, aukuwa: wata babbar ginawa-up na nukiliya damar tsakanin Gabas da Yamma, na farko real barazana da wasu batattun sifofi nukiliya yaki (Cuban harsashi Crisis), da symbolism na Iron Curtain sami ta kaya embodiment a cikin nau'i na Berlin Wall. Ƙwarai tabarbarewar dangantakar tare da kasar Sin, wanda gwamnatin tana da Mao Zedong, tantama ba ya yarda da zargi da Stalin zamanin, gano wani sabon Hakika Soviets ridda daga cikin ra'ayoyin da kwaminisanci. Tarayyar Soviet a lokacin zamanin mulkin Khrushchev da kuma cimma nasara a babba kimiyya da fasaha Sphere. Da farko, su, ba shakka, aiwatuwa a cikin sarari tseren a cikin abin da mu masana kimiyya, ba tare da ƙari, ya lashe a lokacin, aika da farko da tauraron dan adam zuwa cikin sararin samaniya, mutum na fari, bayan da watã, amma da farko ya kai Venus.