Berlin bango

A Berlin Wall ne mai tsaron gida tsarin. Yana da aka gina a shekarar 1961 a ranar 13 ga watan Agusta. Construction na Berlin Wall ya gudun hijirar gwamnatin himma. Up har shekarar 1989, wannan shinge ya raba gari. West Berlin aka rabu da gabas da Jamus Democratic Republic. A cewar ta gwamnati domin dukan rayuwa da shinge yayin da yunƙurin haye shi ya kashe game da 125 mutane. Duk da haka, bisa ga wasu kafofin, yawan wadanda ke fama da zambar babu kasa da 1245 mutane.

A Berlin Wall ya zama daya daga cikin alamu na tsawon "sanyi yaki".

Kafin gina gine-gine akwai wani bude iyakar da ke tsakanin gabashi da yammaci ɓangare na birnin. Rarraban line gudu daga gidan zuwa gidan, waterways, tituna da kuma canals. Hukumance, akwai wani 81 zanga-zanga a kan tituna, 13 a cikin jirgin karkashin kasa da kuma dogo a cikin birnin. A lokaci guda akwai doka hanyoyi. Akwai fiye da dari na. Kowace rana, domin dalilai daban-daban da suke bukatar daga 300 zuwa dubu 500, mutane tsallaka kan iyaka. Ganin rashin bayyananne jiki iyaka tsakanin yankuna biyu, akwai sau da yawa rikice-rikice da kuma m leaks a Jamus kwararru. A Jamus, wanda ya rayu a cikin gabashin ɓangare, fĩfĩta karatu a gabashin Jamus (inda ya free), da kuma aiki a kan ƙasa na tarayyar Jamus.

Fitowan na Berlin Wall gudummawar wani tsanani ƙarin tsanani na siyasa halin da ake ciki a kusa da birnin Berlin. The West gwamnatin kasar Jamus tako har "Hallstein Rukunai" a shekara ta 1957. Yana bayar da wani nan da nan hutu na huldar diplomasiyya tare da wani jihar da cewa gane gudun hijirar. Bugu da kari, kasashen yamma gwamnatin kasar Jamus ya yi watsi da shawara a kan gabashin Jamus, da samuwar wani tarayya na jihohi na Jamus. Maimakon haka, West Berlin nace a kan gudanar da zaɓuɓɓuka. A lokaci guda, a shekarar 1958 gudun hijirar hukumomi sun bayyana cewa da'awar mulkin kan yammacin kasar, a kan tushen da "gano shi a kan ƙasa na gudun hijirar."

A worsening yanayi a kusa da birnin Berlin da halin da ake ciki a lokacin daga 3rd zuwa 5th Agusta 1961 gamuwa da shuwagabannin 'yan sanda da aka gudanar a birnin Moscow. Yana Walter Ulbricht (gudun hijirar shugaban) nace a kan ƙulli daga kan iyaka. Bayan samun da goyon bayan da kawance kasashe 12 ga watan Agusta daidai da wannan sai aka karɓa daga kwamitin ministoci na gudun hijirar. A Gabas Berlin 'yan sa a cikakken shiri. Agusta 13th hour na dare fara aikin kira "Wall 2". Game 25 dubu dauke da makamai sun shagaltar da kan iyaka. Ayyukansu karkashin sunan da Gabas Jamus sojojin. Kuma Soviet sojojin shi ma a Jihar shiri.

By 15 Agusta, yammacin ɓangare aka gaba daya demarcated da barbed waya. Ya fara gina Berlin Wall. Its yi da kuma renovations dade daga 1962 zuwa 1975.

Bayan da Berlin Wall aka gina, da 'yan gudun hijirar da musamman izinin ziyarci yammacin ɓangare na birnin. Da yardar kaina iya wuce kawai fansho. Ƙoƙarin tserewa daga gudun hijirar ne hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku na shekaru takwas. Kokarin halaka m Tsarin zaci kurkuku ba kasa da shekaru biyar. Domin taimako a cikin wani ƙoƙari ya tsere daga gudun hijirar gwamnatin kurkuku domin rayuwa.

A 1898, a karkashin tasirin da Soviet perestroika Hungary halakar da iyakar kufaifan kan iyaka da Austria. Duk da haka, da gudun hijirar (da Austria da abokin tarayya a cikin Warsaw yarjejeniya) da aka ba za su bi ta misali. Ba da da ewa Jamus Jamhuriyar rasa iko da hanzari faruwa events. Dubban 'yan gudun hijirar suka fara zuwa wasu kasashen gabashin Turai tare da view to fita a Jamus. Jamusawa suka gudu zuwa West via Hungary da kuma. Da bude daga cikin Hungarian iyakar hana ji da wanzuwar Berlin Wall.

A 1898, Nuwamba 9 a latsa-taro da shugaban gwamnati na gudun hijirar Schabowski ya sanar da sabon tsarin da ziyartar kasar. A wannan yamma, mazauna garzaya zuwa shinge.

Halakar na Berlin Wall ya zama na kasa hutu. Dubban West Berliners ya fita ya taryi Eastern baƙi.