Wane ne Lomonosov Mihail Vasilevich: biography da ayyukansu

Kawai irrepressible sha'awar ga ilimi ya taimaka wa ɗansa ya zama kafa na baƙauye yankunan kimiyya kamar na halitta kimiyya, sunadarai, ilmin taurari, kayan aiki, labarin kasa, metallurgy, binciken kasa, philology. Lomonosov - daya daga cikin mafi daukan hankali misalai na hawa da zamantakewa tsani daga kasa zuwa sosai saman.

yara

Haife Lomonosov Mihail Vasilevich 8 (19) a watan Nuwamba 1711 a kauyen Mishaninskoy Kurostrovskoy Ikklesiya, Daugavpils gundumar, Arkhangelogorodskaya lardin. Yanzu garin ne mai suna bayan da babban masanin kimiyya - wani kauye Lomonosovo.

Uba - wani m manomi Basil Dorofeyevich. Mother, Elena Ivanovna, bar mu duniya, a lokacin da ya kasance ne kawai da shekaru tara.

The iyali mallakar wani fairly manyan mãkirci na ƙasar. Babban riba zo daga kama kifi. Lomonosovs iyali mallakar gogaggen ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa. Riga shekaru goma da kuma matasa Michael aka hannu a cikin yakin. Tare da kama kifi, yaron so ya karanta. Na sanar da shi wannan tricky hali da magatakarda na gida coci. Sa'an nan da wani yãro, kuma ya rubuta a kan takarda da cikakken suna - Lomonosov Mihail Vasilevich. Biography na masanin kimiyyar yace da cewa aiki na malaminsa aka rubuta haruffa, koke-koke da kuma kasuwanci rubutu.

Lokacin da ya shekara goma sha uku, mahaifinsa ya aure a karo na uku. Tare da uwar rana dangantaka zarar tafi daidai ba. Kuma a shekara daga baya, cikin matsananci hunturu, Lomonosov, a takaice bayyana abin da yake da wuya sosai biography, zare jiki na bar gida. Ya yi sa'a - a kan hanya ya tafi kama kifi kuraye, wadda sãdar da shi kuma nan gaba masanin kimiyya. Yaron ya tafi zuwa nasara da Moscow, inda kamar yadda duk da haka ba wanda ya san wanda Lomonosov.

wuya zabi

A tsarist Rasha, mafi girma ilimi za a iya samu ne kawai a cikin manyan birane uku. Hakika, shi ya Moscow, St. Petersburg da kuma Kiev. Mikhail Lomonosov aka zaba na farko daga cikin zabin gabatar. HanyarSa to ilimi ya dauki fiye da makonni uku.

fara koyon

A Janairu 1731 yaron nasarar sa suna a makaranta. Malamai san wanda da Lomonosov musamman m dalibi, da dukan da yanayi m ga kimiyya. All kayayyakin lokaci sai ya ciyar karatu library littattafai.

Koyarwa ko biya wani sosai kananan albashi, a kan abin da za ka iya saya ba fãce wasu burodi da kuma kvas. Ba sau daya Lomonosov juyayin sãme talaucinsa, amma ba da gaske tunani game da yadda za a daina makaranta da kuma koma kauye, inda mahaifinsa ya so shi ya auri daya daga cikin gida beauties.

A nan gaba masanin kimiyya ya nuna a sarari mafi m fiye da takwarorina. Saboda haka, a cikin shekara guda ya iya tsalle kawai biyu ko uku azuzuwan. Ba bad ƙware Latin kuma Helenanci.

Petersburg

A 1735, a matsayin wani ɓangare na goma sha biyu mafi nasara dalibai koma karatu a St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Wane ne Lomonosov iya kaina tsayar da manyan malaman kimiyya. Dukkan manyan tarbiyya da aka gabatar a cikin wannan ilimi da ma'aikata.

Farawa ya fiye suna fadin. Amma da Academy ya bayar da tufafi, da kuma dakunan da aka kawai kaya a shirye.

Kowace safiya fara tare da wani darasi ya karfafa koyon Jamus. Bugu da kari kan rubuta wakoki da kuma philology malamin ya yi karatu lissafi, kimiyyar lissafi, sunadarai, mineralogy.

M dalibi da sauri zama saba, da kuma sosai da ewa ba, babu wani daga cikin malaman ya ba tambaya game da wanda Lomonosov.

Jamus tsawon rai

A 1736, wata ƙungiya daga dalibai, a matsayin wani ɓangare na abin da yake Mikhail Vasilievich, aka aika zuwa karatu a kasar Jamus.

Babban maƙasudin ya horar da hakar ma'adinai don kara koyarwa cibiyoyin. Babu wanda ya yi mamakin cewa ya Lomonosov a cikin ƙungiyar.

A shekaru biyar masu zuwa na rai da masanin kimiyyar da aka gudanar a Jamus da kuma jera a cikin Netherlands. A sakamakon wannan lokaci ne mai zurfin ilimi a kimiyyar lissafi, sunadarai, ma'adinai. Ko rayuwa a cikin bashin da kuma yunwa ba kunya Mikhail Vasilyevich sun zabe da hakkin shugabanci.

domesticity

A 1739, bayan da wani jayayya da malamin, Lomonosov, biography da aka gabatar a cikin labarin, da barin horo da kuma kokarin koma Rasha. Shi ba zai yiwu. Ya auri 'yar wani lady daga cikin gidan da ya takalman gidan, - Elizavete Tsilh. A wannan shekara, wani matashi biyu yana da 'ya mace. Abin baƙin ciki, da yarinya zauna na wani dan gajeren lokaci, ya mutu a 1743.

A watan Disamba, 1741, wani yaro da aka haife, Ivan. Amma ba su samu a watanni biyu, sai yaron ya mutu. A watan Fabrairu, 'yar Elena aka haife shi a 1749.

Koma zuwa Rasha

A cikin watan Yuni 1741, Lomonosov koma gidansa da kuma Academy of Sciences tare da haɗin gwiwar Prof. I. Amman fara tattara ma'adanai da kuma burbushin. Ya ke tsiro a matsayin mawãƙi. Fassara wani labarin daga Jamus mujallar. Ya fara gudanar da gwaje-gwajen a matsayin kirkiro. Ba da da ewa samun wata damar koyar da shiga a cikin tarurruka na Academic Majalisar. Ba da da ewa duniya gan farko dissertation a kan kimiyyar lissafi da kuma sunadarai.

A Yuni 1745 Mikhail ya zama farfesa a fannin sunadarai na St. Petersburg Academy. A cikin sirri takarda masanin kimiyya fara equipping da sinadaran dakin gwaje-gwaje, wanda aka kammala shekaru biyu daga baya.

A 1748, Ma'aikatar Tarihi bude a wadda Lomonosov daukan wani aiki part.

A wannan shekara Mikhail ya zama dan jarida. Da ayyukan da ya fara tare da haruffa na waje remittances ga jaridar "St. Petersburg Gazette".

m ayyuka

Bayan da rapprochement tare da fi so daga cikin Empress, Ivan Shuvalov, Lomonosov ya samu damar gabatar da ra'ayoyi a matakin qarshe.

Saboda haka, a karkashin ikonsa a 1755 bude Moscow University tare da kasashen waje horo samfurin.

Tuni a 1756, Lomonosov fara wani aiki gwagwarmayar ilimi a makarantun sakandare da kuma jami'o'i, yara na ƙananan aji. A wani bangare ya samu nasara.

A 1758 da ya zama shugaban sashen na labarin kasa. Yana haifar da wata babbar aiki a kan halittar Rasha atalas.

A 1763 Catherine II sanya wani masanin kimiyya a jihar councilor.

A wannan shekara ya samu title na memba na Academy of Arts ga aikinsa tare da mosaics.

memory

A 1765, Mikhail tsanani da rashin lafiya. Abin baƙin ciki, ya bai iya warke. Babban masanin kimiyyar ya ba 4 (15) Afrilu 1765. Aka binne shi a Lazarev hurumi a St. Petersburg.

Lomonosov - na musamman masanin kimiyya ne da ya iya bayyana kansu a kusan dukkan rassan kimiyya: kimiyyar lissafi, sunadarai, adabi da kuma harsuna. Bugu da kari, duniya ta gani da yawa daga cikin ƙirƙirãwa. Shi ne daya daga cikin 'yan wanda ya iya warware asirin gilashin zanen a ja. Aikinsa tare da mosaic na dogon lokaci burge zukatan ya Sahaban. The aiki kuwa mai tsawo, wuya da kuma laborious. Na yi amfani da wani iri-iri Tantancewar na'urorin na nasu shawara. An mabiyin jirgin saman soja da rashin adalci. The masanin kimiyya-yin aiki wanda ya kasance mai daraja ba kawai zargi, amma kuma ma'abutanta wani tsari don maye gurbin jarrabawa ba gamsar da shi. Aiki a hako ma'adinai da metallurgy da kuma iya zama da sha'awar kwararru zuwa wannan rana. A general, Mihail Vasilevich Lomonosov an yi fice hali.

A tunawa da shi zai har yanzu a wuce a daga tsara zuwa tsara.