Shanghai Exchange Exchange. Rahoton samfurori na ƙananan ƙarfe masu banƙyama da masu daraja

SSE na Shanghai yana daya daga cikin kasuwanni masu kula da kasuwancin da ake gudanarwa akai-akai da kuma kayan aiki na banki a cikin Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin. Kamfanin ciniki na biyu shine a Shenzhen. Shanghai Exchange Exchange ita ce kasuwa mafi daraja mafi girma a duniya ta duniya mafi girma a duniya. A watan Mayun shekarar 2015, wannan adadin ya kai dala biliyan 5.5. Ba kamar kasuwannin Hong Kong ba, kasuwar Shanghai ba ta bude wa masu zuba jarurruka waje ba saboda tsananin kulawa da manyan hukumomin kasar Sin.

Brief bayani

Ka yi la'akari da manyan sigogi na wannan tsari na kasuwanci don sayarwa:

• Rubuta - musayar ciniki.
• Yanayin shi ne Shanghai, China.
• Ginin shine a 1990, ranar 26 ga Nuwamba.
• Ma'aikata masu girma sune Jiang Liang (shugaban), Zhang Yujun (shugaban).
• Kudin shi ne yuan (RMB).
• Lambar jerin sunayen 1041 ne (bisa ga bayanai don Mayu 2015).
• Ƙididdigar dalar Amurka biliyan 0.5 (Disamba 2009).
• Masu nuna alama - alamar da aka kira SSE Composite da abubuwan da suka samo asali.

Manufar da wuri

An bude kasuwar Shanghai a shekarar 1990 kuma ya fara aiki a cikin makonni uku. Ƙungiyar da ba riba ba ce, ta gudanar da hukumar ta SSS (CSRC). A Shanghai Stock Exchange samar da kafaffen hulda tsakanin kudi 'yan wasa da kuma wani ingantaccen share. Har ila yau, ana magana ne game da hulɗar sadarwa da hadin gwiwar tsakanin yankuna. Kamfanin Exchange na Shanghai yana da alhakin rarraba kudade na waje a cikin kasuwar kasuwancin, ciki har da gefe da kuma kulawa da kariya, bayanai da shawarwari.

Tarihin halitta

Kasancewar tsarin tsarin kasa da kasa a Shanghai shine sakamakon yarjejeniyar Nanking, ya kammala a 1842. Shi ne ya sanya hannu don tabbatar da kammala na farko Opium War. Tarihin kasuwancin kasuwancin kasar Sin ya fara a ƙarshen 1860. A yayin da ake amfani da kamfanoni na kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai, 'yan kasuwa na kasashen waje sun kafa Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararruyar Shanghai. A shekara ta 1904, an sake sa masa sunan musanya. An samar da tarin tsaro a wannan lokacin ta hanyar kamfanoni na gida. Tun 1895, Japan da wasu jihohin da ke da kwangila tare da kasar Sin, an ba su dama na kafa masana'antun su a Shanghai da kuma sauran tashar jiragen ruwa. Gudun katako ya zama babban samfurin cinikin musayar ciniki a ƙarshen karni na 20.

A karshen shekarun 1930, Shanghai ta zama cibiyar kudi ta Gabas ta Tsakiya, inda masu zuba jari na kasar Sin da na kasashen waje zasu iya kasuwanci a hannun jari, gwamnati da kamfanoni da kamfanoni. Ayyukan musayar ya daina yin amfani da hanzari lokacin da sojojin Japan suka mallaki yankin ƙasar a ranar 8 ga Disamba, 1941. Duk da haka, shekaru biyar bayan haka, ya sake dawo da ayyukansa. Bayan shekaru uku, kasuwar Shanghai ta sake rufe saboda juyin juya halin kwaminisanci a kasar Sin. Ya buɗe ne kawai bayan shekaru 32. Wannan ya yiwu godiya ga al'adu da juyin juya halin da kuma Yunƙurin iko Den Syaopina. A shekarun 1980s, kasuwannin ciniki na kasar Sin sun ci gaba da bunkasa tsarin tattalin arziki wanda ya nuna matukar cigaba daga masanin zamantakewa zuwa tattalin arzikin kasuwa. A halin yanzu, Shanghai Exchange Exchange ta fara aiki a ranar 19 ga Disamba, 1990.

Tsarin

Asusun ajiyar tallace-tallace da aka saya a kasuwar Shanghai yana da kashi uku zuwa uku: shaidu, hannun jari da kudi. Na farko shine tashar kuɗi, kamfanoni da kuma iyalan kuɗi. Akwai nau'i biyu na hannun jari: "A" da "B". Matsakaicin kuɗin na farko an bayyana a Yuan, na biyu - a cikin dolar Amirka. Da farko dai, kamfanoni na kasa za su iya ba da takarda na "A". Duk da haka, tun watan Disamba na 2002, masu ba da tallafi na kasashen waje sun yarda su sayar da su, duk da haka ba tare da hani ba. A shekara ta 2003, an kaddamar da shirin da ake kira "Masu Rarraba Harkokin Ƙasashen waje". A halin yanzu, ana shigar da 'yan kasuwa 98 daga cikin kasashen waje, yawan kudaden shigar da kasuwa shine dala biliyan 30. Akwai tsare-tsaren da za a haɗa duka nau'ukan alaƙa a nan gaba.

Yanayin sarrafawa

Shanghai Exchange Exchange tana aiki daga Litinin zuwa Jumma'a. Safiya ta fara tare da farashin farashi daga 9:15 zuwa 9:25. Gudun jirgi yana gudana daga karfe 9:30 zuwa 11:30 kuma daga karfe 13 zuwa 15:00. An rufe musayar a ranar Asabar da Lahadi, wasu kwanakin da aka sanar da su a gaba. Daga cikin babban events: kasa da kasa da kuma kasar Sin Sabuwar Shekara bikin na Qingming, Duanvu da Mid-Autumn Festival, Labor Day, National Day.

Jerin abubuwan da ake buƙata

An kafa dokoki don sanya hannun jari a kan musayar a cikin Sin ta hanyar dokoki guda biyu: "A kan Tsare-tsare" da "A Kamfanoni". Jerin abubuwan da ake buƙata don hannun jari don lissafin ya haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa:

• Dole ne a bayar da hannun jari a bayyane bayan amincewa da Gwamnatin Jihar Ma'aikatar Tsaro.
• Yawan jimillarsu ba su zama kasa da Yuan miliyan 30 ba.
• A cikin shekaru uku da suka wuce, kamfanin dole ne ya kammala aikin shekara ta shekara tare da ragi. A lokaci guda, jihar na iya mallaka fiye da 75% na hannun jari (idan jimillar farashin kima ya wuce dala miliyan 400, to, 85%) an yarda).
• Kamfanin ya kamata ba shiga ayyukan haram ko gurbata bayanan lissafi ba a cikin shekaru uku da suka wuce.

Sauran yanayi da Majalisar Dattijai ta tanadi sun hada da taƙaitawa masu zuwa:

• A halin yanzu, kasar Sin ta fi son kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da suke so su sanya hannun jari a kasuwar jari. Sharuɗɗa kamar haka, misali, a Indiya.
• Kamfanonin da ke hulda da sababbin fasahohi sun amince da su na daban daga majalisar.

Binciken Kudin Shanghai: Quotes

SSE Composite ita ce babbar alamar aiki na kasuwar kaya na kasar Sin. Its lissafi dogara ne a kan mai nauyi kumshin farashin index Paasche. Wannan yana nufin cewa alamar kasuwancin Shanghai yana dogara ne akan wata rana. Irin wannan ranar ne ranar 19 ga Disamba, 1990. Bisa ga yawan kasuwancin kasuwa na duk hannun jari a wannan rana. Darajar darajar index shine maki 100. An lasafta shi daga Yuli 15, 1991. SSE Hidimar da aka ƙayyade daidai yake da halin kasuwa na yanzu na dukkan tallace-tallace da aka ƙãra ta darajar tushe. An ƙaddamar da darajar mafi girma a ranar 6 ga Yuli, 2015 - 5166.35. Halin da aka yi na Shanghai Exchange Exchange ya faru nan da nan bayan. Tuni a cikin wata da rabi, Agusta 22, 2015, adadi ya kasance 3509.98 raka'a. Stock ya faɗi rage ta sau 1.5. Wasu muhimman shaidu na kasuwar jari na Shanghai sune SSE 50 da SSE 180. Tun daga Nuwamba 23, 2015, mai nuna alama ya kasance 3610.31, idan aka kwatanta da ranar da ta gabata, adadin jari ya fadi da maki 0.56.

Kamfanin Exchange na Shanghai yana daya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin ciniki na ciniki a kasar Sin. Jihar na ci gaba da yin amfani da hankali a kan hakan. An kwatanta ta tare da amfani da SSE Composite Index, da kuma wasu alamun alamomin da ke kan shi.