Ruhohi Nikolay Leonidovich, Soviet zanen da sulke da motocin: a takaice biography

Ruhohi Nikolay Leonidovich - shugaba zanen na Kirov tank shuka. Ya sanya wani babban taimako ga Nasara a cikin Great Patriotic War. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari Dukhov ayyukansu na bayar da muhimmanci ga tsaron gida na Tarayyar Soviet. Godiya ga shi, Amurka kenkenewa a kan makaman nukiliya da aka shafe ta.

iyali

Ruhohi NL haife Oktoba 26, 1904, a cikin Poltava yankin, kauyen Veprik. Mary M., uwarsa 'yar wani matalauci mallaki gidaje. Leonid, mahaifina aiki a matsayin wani likita mataimakin. Sa'an nan, ya koma wani sugar factory a ƙauyen inda nan gaba matar rayu. A shekara bayan bikin aure, Leonid kuma Nikolai Mary aka haife.

samuwar

A shekaru 7, Nicholas tafi yan makaranta a yankunan karkara Veprik. Bayan ta sauke karatu a shekarar 1914, ya ci gaba da karatunsa a Gadyachsky gargajiya dakin motsa jiki. Ya mai girma koyarwa na kasashen waje harsuna, kyale ruhohi daidai ƙware Turanci, Jamusanci da kuma Faransa. A shekara ta 1919, makarantar da aka canza kama zuwa wani aiki makaranta na da 2nd mataki. Nicholas sauke karatu daga gare shi a 1920

Damar ci gaba da ilimi ga Nicholas bayyana kawai shekaru 22 da haihuwa. Factory Komsomol taron da aka yanke shawarar bayar da ruhohi da tikitin ga ma'aikacin baiwa na Kharkov ƙasar amfani da geodetic institute. Bayan da ya sauke karatu, ya ya iya shiga ba tare da jarrabawa a Birnin Leningrad, Polytechnic jami'a a inji sashen, inda ya yi karatu zane da kuma samar da tractors da kuma motoci. Ya sauke karatu daga Institute a 1932

aikin Experience

Ruhohi Nikolay Leonidovich, wanda biography da aka bayyana, a wannan labarin, ya fara aiki tare da shekaru 14. Na farko akwai sakataren kwamitoci na matalauta a ƙasarsa ta kauye. A 1921, ya zama wani wakili requisition. Ya gudanar da wani ƙidaya ga lissafi na haraji. A lura da karatu dakin na gundumar. Rayzemlesa shi ne magatakarda, da shugaban da rajista ofishin. A shekarar 1925 ya samu aiki a matsayin mai carver Chupahovsky gwoza shuka. Wani lokaci daga baya ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga sashen na fasaha da kuma daidaita.

Nan da nan bayan samun digiri Spirits samu aiki a Birnin Leningrad, ya shuka "Red Putilovets". Na farko akwai saba talakawa ma'aikaci. Amma bayan 'yan shekaru sai na fara maye gurbin shugaba zanen.

Ruhohi Nikolay Leonidovich: yarantaka Designer

Interest wani abu zana da kuma gina Nikolai fara fito fili daga yara. Sa'ad da yake kawai shekaru 7 da haihuwa, shi koma ga unguwa boys, ga wanda aka sanya katako makamai domin titi yãƙi. Kamar yadda wani matashi, Nicholas iya sauƙi gyara inji Watches, kayan aikin, rawar soja. Bayan motsa jiki a gina rediyo. Saboda haka a kauyen akwai wani farko rediyo.

Jobs tanko- da tarakta

Nikolai Leonidovich tsunduma a zayyana daban-daban na'urorin ga tractors "Universal" A shekara ta farko da aiki a Birnin Leningrad, Kirov shuka (LB) Spirits. Yi aiki a kan halittar farko Soviet "motocin fasinja", "Leningrad-1." Ya halarci gina crane.

A shekarar 1936, ya aka dauka ya yi aiki a kan kyautata na sulke da motocin. Ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa SKB-2, inda ya fara gina da ƙarfi, kuma m na gogayya lissafin tanki. Wadannan data 'yan shekaru baya da kuma abokan aiki amfani. Sa'an nan, ya aka nada a matsayin shugaban kungiyar na zane-zane, wanda aka tsunduma a cikin zamani na tankuna T-28. A aikin da aka kammala a 1938, da kaina ruhohi da aka kwashe jirgin da watsa wani sabon zane.

A karshen shekara ta 1938 ya nuna wani sabon shiri na nauyi soja tank KV-1, wanda baya ya zama mafarki mai ban tsoro ga Jamusawa. A 1939, LB fara taro samar da sabon kayan aiki a karkashin zane na ruhohi. A 1940 aka nada mataimakin shugaban SKB-2. Shi ya zama manyan zanen na KV-1 da kuma sanya mai girma taimako ga halittar KV-2.

A 1941, da shuka da za a kwashe zuwa Chelyabinsk. Kamfanin da aka sake masa suna kuma zama da aka sani da rage tsawon CTZ. A kan tushen da gida tarakta factory fara samar da KV tankuna jerin. A watan Yuli na wannan shekara Spirits aka nada gubar zanen na uku Division, ya tafi zuwa Chelyabinsk. A aikin da aka shirya da sauri. Kuma a watan Oktoba 1941, Nikolai Leonidovich ya zama mataimakin babban zanen da shuka. A 1943 aka nada shugaba zanen CTZ. Ya yi aiki har 1948

A wannan lokaci, Ruhu ya ɓullo da sabon taron-line samar na KV tankuna. Ya jagoranci da ci gaban da gyare-gyare da kuma manyan bindigogi. Mun aka fundamentally sabunta hanyoyin matsakaici tankuna T34. A karkashin shugabanci Dukhov gudanar wajen samar da wani sabon IC jerin (1, 2, 3, 4). A postwar lokaci shi sabon tarakta S-80 da rufaffiyar gida da aka halitta.

The aiki a cikin nukiliya masana'antu

A shekara ta 1948 Nikolay Leonidovich Ruhu aka kawo aiki a kan atomic aikin CB-11. Ya zama a maimakon manyan zanen Yuri Kharitonov. A karkashin shugabancin Nikolai Leonidovich kansu ke da alhakin halittar farko Soviet plutonium cajin da wani atomic bam. A shekara ta 1949, da Spirits dauki bangare a cikin gwaji a Semipalatinsk gwajin site. Kuma a cikin 1953 - da hydrogen bam.

Tun da 1954, Ruhu ya zama biyu a darektan, a manyan zanen da kuma kimiyya darektan na farko reshe na KB-11. Nikolay Leonidovich su ne asali kwatance na ayyuka na institute - halittar harsasai ga makaman nukiliya tsarin fara ta cajin, iko kayan aiki da kuma instrumentation.

Soviet zanen da sĩlĩlin hancin gurtsun dabĩno NL dauke da kafa makaranta na zane na nukiliya warheads. Bayan shekaru 10 a karkashin jagorancin Dukhov 3 atomatik tsara raka'a an ci gaba. Kuma ma kafa harsasai ga ballistic makamai masu linzami, torpedoes, da farko cruise jifa ga Navy, Air Force, kuma Air Tsaro. Domin su, a cikin Bugu da kari da dama daban-daban kayan da aka halitta. 3 ƙarnõni na instrumentation an ci gaba a karkashin shiriya na ruhohin

• oscillographic.
• bezostsillograficheskaya.
• sarrafa kansa tare da wani dijital rajista.

Zanen, Malam

Engineering da kuma zane aikin Nikolay Leonidovich a hade tare da koyarwa. Daga 1935 zuwa 1940. ya shiga cikin horo dalibai a Birnin Leningrad, babbar hanya da kuma Polytechnic cibiyoyi na bayar. A shekarar 1944 Mechanical Engineering kwaleji tare da wani tanki, kuma wani inji-injiniya sashen da aka bude. Shugaban sashen da aka nada Spirits. Ya kuma jagoranci jihar hukumar da kuma jarrabawa na ma'aikata.

Nikolay Leonidovich, Soviet zanen, ya ko da yaushe a haɗe mai da muhimmanci ga horar da kwararru sosai m. Wannan ta ruhohi aka tashe tare da ma'aikatar batun kyautar da dan takarar aikin injiniya kimiyya digiri. Kuma na farko 3 Kariya wuce a 1962

Personal rai

Ruhohi Nikolay Leonidovich aure Maria Alexandrovna, wanda ya rayu har zuwa rasuwarsa. Aiki ga ruhohi sun kasance kullum a cikin fari. Amma da iyali shi ne babban darajar da shi. Sai matarsa ta sosai m da kuma fahimtar. Sau da yawa, a lokacin da suka zaba da wasan kwaikwayo, da ta gan a tsakiyar aikin da Nikolay ba zato ba tsammani janye a cikin rãyukansu, kuma suka mayar da hankali. Ta zare jiki, kokarin ba su tsoratar da tunaninsa ya kai shi gida. Kuma a kan hanya, kamar yadda suka zauna a cikin mota, da Spirits fara rubuta na gaba lissafin.

The biyu 'yar Zoe aka haife, wanda daga baya aka samu nasarar aure, kuma ya ba iyaye da jikoki - Svetlana da Igor. Nikolay Leonidovich a rare lokaci na sauran ko da yaushe yana da lokaci a gare su.

mutuwa Dukhov

Ruhohi Nikolay Leonidovich mutu May 1, 1964 saboda rashin lafiya mai tsanani, ko da yake short-rayu. Health zanen da aka gurgunta da wuya aikin a kan makaman nukiliya aikin da yaki, a lokacin da duk aka aiki a iyaka da iko. Nikolay Leonidovich aka binne shi a Novodevichy hurumi.

Awards da lakabobi

A 1954 Spirits Nikolay Leonidovich (1904-1964 gg.) An ciyar da su Laftanar Janar. Ya kasance likita na fasaha kimiyyar. Ya kasance da lashe Lenin, Jihar da hudu Stalin Kyautukan. Sau uku samu da lakabi na Hero of Socialist Labor. A 1953 ya kasance wani memba na Academy of Sciences da Tarayyar Soviet. Ya aka bayar da dama lambar yabo da hudu oda na Lenin, daya - Suvorov biyu digiri da daya - Red Star kuma Banner of Labour.