Lambar "Gama tsaron na Moscow" (photo)

Battle ga Moscow a cikin Great Patriotic War a Rasha mutane ta memory riko da wani wuri na musamman. An tabbatar da cewa a baya bai san da shan kashi na Jamus sojojin za a iya ci. Domin Hitler, da kama daga Moscow ya na bayar da muhimmanci, wanda daidaita zuwa cikakken nasara a kan Tarayyar Soviet. A sakamakon haka, shi ya kasance farkon auka daga cikin Wehrmacht. Duk waɗanda suka kare da babban birnin kasar na kasar mu, duka biyu da sojoji da kuma farar hula, sun nuna hazaka, heroism da m juriya. Lambar "Gama tsaron na Moscow" sun wadanda mazakuta da ƙarfin zuciya sun zama wani cikas a hanyar da Nazis zuwa nasara da duniya.

tsaro na Moscow

Battle of Moscow ne conventionally kasu kashi biyu, saukarwa: tsaron gida, kuma m.

A tarihi masomin yakin ga babban birnin kasar na Tarayyar Soviet, ko, a cikin wasu kalmomi, a ranar farko da tsaro na Moscow - wannan shi ne 30 Satumba 1941. Da kidaya da aka gudanar bayan da Jamus sojojin m ya fara, codenamed "Typhoon" a cikin shugabanci na Bryansk da Vyazma. Yãki sun nauyi. Tare da nauyi asarar da makiya sanya hanyarsa ta zuwa tashar Volga-Moscow da aka tsaya a kudancin gefen birnin Kashira. Kusa da Moscow, ya iya zuwa ba.

City tsaro tsaya da mazaunanta. Ko da a cikin bazara da shi aka kafa 12 rarrabuwa da kuma 56 sa kai battalions cewa ya tafi don kare babban birnin kasar. Bugu da kari, bisa ga GKO umurnin 12 Satumba 1941, da gina garun kusa da Moscow. Babban layi na tsaro rufe birnin a wani rabin zoɓe, wanda aka located nisan kilomita 20 daga cikin birnin. Bugu da kari wannan ne defenses da kuma a cikin birni, misali, a fannin Aljanna Zobe da kuma kewaye jirgin. Bugu da ƙari, sanye take gyara shagon don gyara lalace kayan aiki da kuma makamai. Duk wadannan gine-gine suna kira Moscow tsaron gida zone, da kuma kai su kariya ta shugaban na Moscow Soja District, Janar PA Artemyev A karkashin ta farkon ajiye da soja bangare na birnin sansanin, ajiye division umurni da kafa da mayakan sa kai.

Moscow hari

The dogon jaruntakar tsaro na Moscow a yarda a yi ƙunci kuma karfafa reserves. Kuma a kan Disamba 5 na wannan shekara shi ya fara wani m aiki ta uku fronts: Kalinin, Western da kuma Kudu-Western. Kwamandan na farko na wadannan da aka nada Janar na Army GK Zhukov. Domin da Jamus sojojin shi ne mai cikakken mamaki. A wannan lokaci, abokan gaba da aka fi m kullum gudana yãƙi. Bugu da kari, saboda da tsananin yanayi da abinci da makamai na Jamus sojojin da aka karya, wanda ya jagoranci wani mãsu bãyar da bãya.

A ritaya daga fascists daga Moscow, tare da nauyi asarar biyu a maza kuma a makaman da kayan aiki. By farkon Janairu 1942 da gaban line aka fatattaki daga Moscow, da nisan kilomita 250 fiye da da barazana da kama da aka shafe ta.

Har yanzu m kusa Moscow, wanda aka ci gaba da GK Zhukov, karatu a soja da kwalejojin. Kwamandan kansa daga baya samu lambar yabo a gasar "Gama tsaron na Moscow", kazalika da yawa wasu talakawa mahalarta wannan yaƙi. Wannan lambar yabo da aka alama su ƙarfin hali da kuma heroism a gwagwarmayar 'yancin su mahaifarsa.

A tarihin na samu lambar "Gama tsaron na Moscow"

Don sãka wa kare Moscow 29 ga watan Yuni, 1943, an yanke shawarar kafa wani premium tsabar kudin. Alhakin da ci gaban da aka nada intendant na Red Army, Kanar Janar PI Drachov A nasa umarni, da m kungiyar da aka halitta, wanda yana Yuli 12 ya 'yan shirye-sanya kayayyaki. Yuli 15, 1943, wadannan almara da aka ƙaddamar don shawara da Stalin. Amma a lokacin da yanke shawara ta karshe. Duk da haka, a watan Janairu 1944, aikin a kan wani zane lambar da aka koma. A karshe mataki na ta kammala ginu ne tare da artists Moskalev NI kuma Romanov EM By karshen Janairu riga na shirya zan karshe na kudirin ya samu lambar "Gama tsaron na Moscow".

Sabawa da kuma amincewa da karshe bayyanar awards

Bayan da gwajin misali, sanya a karfe sassaƙa Sokolov NA, gabatar da wani yawan canje-canje a cikin bayyanar da lambobin yabo:

• asali tsammani a kan bango na Kremlin bango to saka wani rukuni na kare Moscow, amma sai aka maye gurbinsu da wani tanki da sojoji a cikin ta makamai,
• rage girman da Dome na ginin gwamnatin,
• a hagu kusurwa sa hoton wata tashi jirgin sama.

Kuma haka dai aka samu karshe lambar yabo lamba samu lambar "Gama tsaron na Moscow", wani photo wanda ya nuna ta girma da kuma solemnity.

A ranar amincewa da wannan kyautar ne 1 May 1944.

Bisa ga memoirs marubucin ya samu lambar artist Moskalev NI, aiki a kan wannan lambar yabo, ya fara tun kafin hukuma domin na kasar jagoranci, a cikin kaka na 1941. Sa'an nan kuma akwai wani real barazana ga zama na babban birnin kasar. Daga bisani, wannan zane ya tushen da sauran kyautar alama - da Order of Tsarki, wanda aka kuma ci gaba Moskalev.

Yana kama da wani ya samu lambar

Premium alama ya tagulla, zagaye siffar tare da diamita na 32 mm. A obverse (abin da ake kira gaban fuskar wani kyautar alama ce) nuna Kremlin bango. Daga bãyansa akwai wani domed rufin wani ginin gwamnati da fluttering banner na Tarayyar Soviet. A cikin foreground na pedestal ga heroes, wanda a cikin tsohon kwana, 'yanci da birni - Minin da Pozharsky. Next - da kare babban birnin a kan tanki makamai. A hagu kusurwa na etched jirage a saman rubutu "Gama tsaron na Moscow", da kuma a kan baya na samu lambar bayar da ga tsaron na Moscow iya karanta "Ga Our Soviet Mahaifa, mahaifiyata".

Wanda aka bayar da lambar yabo "Gama tsaron na Moscow"?

A cewar gwamnatin yanke shawara, da lambar yabo ya kamata a sami duk da kare babban birnin:

• soja duk da sojoji da hannu a cikin yãƙi a Moscow ne ba kasa da 1 ga watan, a lokacin daga 19.10.41 a kan 25.01.42 shekara,
• fararen hula na birnin da yankin, wanda ya gina da defenses da kuma gyara soja kayan aiki, kazalika da kai tsaye da hannu a cikin m da kuma tsaron gida fadace-fadace ba kasa da 1 ga watan, a daidai wannan lokacin - daga 19.10.41 a kan 25.01.42, a
• soja da farar hula - aiki mahalarta a cikin tsaro na babban birnin kasar, a lokacin daga 07.22.41 a kan 25.01.42 shekara,
• guerrillas wanda aka fada a cikin Moscow yankin.

Bugu da kari, wannan daraja da aka bai wa sojojin da suka sami 'yanci birnin Tula.

Zai yiwu zabin domin bayyanar da lambar "Gama tsaron na Moscow"

Kamar yadda aka sani, kyautar da aka ba a lokacin yaki, da kuma bayan ta kammala. A duka tsarin da ake kiyaye su, amma canje-canje da aka yi wanda ya sãɓã, soja da kuma post-yaki embodiments ba lada

• eyelet lambar yabo, wadda aka samar a lokacin yaki, aka soldered da tushe, da kuma wani biyu-Layer tsiri, nauyi,
• a post-yaki kunne samfurin da aka zuba a tare da wani ya samu lambar, a block ya guda-Layer, aluminum.

Learning facts

A farko mutum wanda aka bayar da lambar yabo "Gama tsaron na Moscow", ya Iosif Stalin. Ya aka bayar 7/20/44, da kuma samu daidai takardar shaidar yawan 000001.

Kafin Janairu 1, 1995 a total na samu lambar "Gama tsaron na Moscow" ya samu wani kasa da game da 1,028,600 mutane. Abin lura shi ne cewa fiye da dubu ashirin da dubu matasa da aka bayar da lambar yabo "Gama tsaron na Moscow".

Don sa da lambar "Gama tsaron na Moscow" a gefen hagu na kirji (inda zuciya beats, domin Moscow - zuciyar mu mahaifarsa). Idan akwai sauran kyautuka, cewa "Gama tsaron na Moscow" ya kamata da wadannan lambar yabo a samu lambar "Gama tsaron na Leningrad".

Wani lokacin ake magana a kai a cikin tarihi adabi lambar yabo ne domin kāriyar Moscow, amma shi ke haifar ba daidai ba wording. Domin ya ba ta kasance, da kuma a can ne kawai kyautar lambar yabo "Gama tsaron na Moscow".