A kwata 'yanci na Odessa a shekarar 1944. Afrilu 10 - da ranar samun 'yanci na Odessa

A zama na Odessa dade 907 kwanaki. A wannan lokaci, inda suka kashe dubban fararen hula da kuma sojojin. Mutane da yawa aka tilasta gudu ba kawai daga invaders, amma kuma daga waɗanda suka riƙi gefe na abokan gaba, kuma ya kasance da hannu a taro laifuffuka da talakawa 'yan ƙasa.

A kwata 'yanci na Odessa yarda a kawo ƙarshen zuwa ayyuka na mamaye. Yana faru a lokacin Maris-Afrilu 1944 kuma aka mai suna Odessa aiki da cewa shi ne wani ɓangare na wani m motsi na Soviet sojojin.

Odessa aiki

Gudanar soja 3rd Ukrainian baki goyan bayan ƙarin sojojin. Ya umarta ta RJ Malinowski. Manufar na aiki ya kayar da abokan gaba sojojin na jihar bakin teku kungiyar da cewa mayar da hankali tsakanin Kudancin Bug da Dniester. Da saki da Black Sea Coast da kuma birnin Odessa. Gudanar da Dnieper-Carpathian m 12/24/1943 a kan 17/04/1994. A ranar samun 'yanci na Odessa shiga wannan lokaci na Soviet m.

A halin da ake ciki kafin aiki

Odessa aka shagaltar a watan Oktoba 1941, da Jamus-Romanian sojojin. By Janairu 1944 da Red Army ta fara aiki a dangane da abin da Jamusanci umurnin yanke shawarar kashe Odessa Romanian gwamnati da kuma shiga cikin birnin da sojojin. Wannan ya kai ga taro kama da yanke hukuncin kisa. A sandunan da itatuwa sun rataye gawawwakin mutane da dama days.

Odessa ta 'yanci, an sanya yiwu godiya ga gaskiya cewa Red Army ya iya zo da gaba na Kudancin Bug da kuma kama da Jamusanci mararraba. Domin da Wehrmacht rike da Odessa tashar jiragen ruwa shi ne babban dabarun muhimmancin, domin tare da taimakon don sadarwa tare da sun shagaltar da Crimea.

A ranar samun 'yanci na Odessa aka cira ta hanyar halittar wani karfi Jamus tsaron gida. Don yin wannan, sun yi amfani da haihuwa defenses na Soviet sojoji, wanda a 1941 sun iya rike birnin domin biyu da rabi watanni daga ƙofar makiyinsa.

sojojin na jam'iyyun

Odessa kwata 'yanci yana da matukar muhimmanci ga Tarayyar Soviet, kamar yadda zai rabu da Jamus da yiwuwar zuwa ship da ikon ta hanyar tashar jiragen ruwa. The aiki game da 470 dubu da sojojin suka shiga tsakani. A mallakarsu ya fiye 400 tankuna da kai-propelled bindigogi, 12,000 bindigogi da kuma rokoki, fiye da 400 da jirgin sama. Mafi yawa daga cikin mutane da makamai mallakar 3rd Ukrainian Front.

Odessa kwata 'yanci iya hana Jamus da kuma Romanian sojoji, wanda sun sanya kowane kokarin su hana shi. A total number of sojojin da aka game da 350 dubu sojoji. Sun kasance wani ɓangare na Jamus da kuma Rumanian rarrabuwa. Saboda sun mallaki art tankuna 160 da kuma aiwatarwa, fiye da uku dubban rokoki da kuma bawo. Aviation kunshi 400 Jamus jirage da kuma 150 da jirgin sama Romania.

Ga sojojin da babban line na tsaro fara kogin bankuna (mafi girma a Kudancin Bug da Dniester, kananan Tiligul da sauransu). A Center ne mai karfi da tsaro da Odessa kanta, wanda gidaje da "Fuhrer ta sansanin soja."

Adawa na Red Army daga Wehrmacht aka mayar da hankali kamar haka:

• a Odessa, Nikolaev, Berezovka sanya tankuna da manyan bindigogi;
• tare koguna, bays, lagoons located dakaru.
• a kan yammacin gaba na Kudancin Bug kuma a kusa da Odessa minefields da cikas da aka halitta.

babban events

A kwata 'yanci na Odessa, 1944 fara tare da wani goyon baya na Kudancin Bug River. The sojojin na 3rd Ukrainian Front, ya yi adawa da sojojin Wehrmacht da kuma Romania. A lokacin makon farko na Maris Soviet sojojin sun iya zo bankunan na kogin. By Maris 18, shi ya fara da mararraba na Kudancin Bug, wanda ya faru fairly da sauri da kuma kare 28th. By wannan da ya faru da Jamus sun ba a shirye, da kuma Ukrainian sojojin kaddamar babu kasa m gaba kudanci.

Bayan ya koma hayin Kogin Yufiretis, da Soviet sojojin a wannan rana saki Nikolaev. Wannan ya kai ga gaskiya cewa Jamus sojojin da aka tilasta fara wani mãsu bãyar da bãya, kuma da kwato Odessa daga farkisanci invaders zama sosai real matsala.

By farkon Afrilu, maƙiyi aka kewaye, da ta samu ta dauka iko da Tarayyar Soviet tashar Raba kuma Ochakov.

By Afrilu 9, Soviet sojoji bayyana a arewacin gundumomi na Odessa. A cikin dare na 9 zuwa 10 Afrilu da aka gudanar da dare hari tare da haɗin gwiwar gida ƙungiyõyinsu a gabãninsu, kuma da safe a birnin liberated. Next hari tafi zuwa yamma, a cikin shugabanci na Dniester.

Ukrainian Front ya iya hawa kan bar banki na Dniester River da kuma 'yanto Transnistria, Moldova. A wannan lokaci da Jamus rasa game 37.000 sojoji, wasu daga wanda aka kashe a cikin yãƙi, kuma wasu kama.

Akayi na kwata 'yanci na Odessa yankin

A kwata 'yanci na Odessa a shekarar 1944 aka ba tsare a cikin birnin. Daga cikin Jamus-Romanian invaders gusar da dukan yankin.

Akayi domin kwata 'yanci na yankin:

1. A 5 ga watan Maris zuwa 22 da aka gudanar Uman-Botosani m, wanda ke haifar da aka tsãwace arewacin ƙasashe Odessa.
2. Daga Maris 6 zuwa 18 a karshen Bereznegovatoe Snigirevskaya-aiki an haye Kudancin Bug. Odessa ya fara aiki, wanda ya faru daga 28 ga watan Maris zuwa 10 ga watan Afrilu. Next Agusta zo dabara ɗan hutu a cikin m.
3. Daga 20 zuwa 29 Agusta a Iasi-Kishinev aiki kame Izmail yankin, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare daga cikin Odessa a yau.

Da kwato birnin

Mun riga san cewa Afrilu 10 - da ranar samun 'yanci na Odessa. Domin yin wannan zai yiwu, babban kokarin da aka yi. Makiya ya iya gina karfi tsaro, ta amfani da hadaddun halitta ƙasa, ruwa hadura. Bugu da kari, a wannan lokaci shi mai tsananin weather, wanda hampered damar zuwa birnin a kan hanya.

Fara hanyoyin birnin daga 4 ga watan Afrilu. Soviet sojojin ketare, saukarwa duk ruwa hadura, wanda kunshi Tiligul, Adzhalskogo, Big Adzhalskogo estuaries. By Afrilu 9 sassa zo zuwa arewacin karkata birnin, da kuma kai farmaki fara a Odessa, wadda aka gudanar lokaci guda tare da ƙasa, teku, da kuma iska.

Lokacin da masu gadi suka shiga kashi na Odessa, fara m fadace-fadace don kowane gida, wanda dade duk dare. By da safe na Afrilu 10 yãƙi isa tsakiyar birnin tituna. Hoisted a kan wasar kwaikwayo ta waka gidan banner na Red Army ya zama wata alama ce da abin da birnin da aka 'yanci. A da kudin da wannan aiki, akwai dubban matattu sojoji da farar hula wanda ba su iya ganin karshe nasara a kan farkisanci.

Tunawa wurare a Odessa

Odessa ta 'yantar (Afrilu 10, 1944) da aka nuna a littattafai masu yawa, memoirs, Documentaries. A birnin akwai da yawa Monuments da memorials sadaukar da wannan taron.

Major gani da su wurare:

• RJ tunawa Malinowski a wurin shakatawa a kan titi na Transfiguration.
• tunawa "Nasara fuka-fuki" a kan Square a kan 10 Afrilu.
• tunawa wuri (Melnitskaya Street, Building 31), inda da shekara 04.09.1944 ƙungiyõyinsu a gabãninsu ci a shafi na Jamus sojojin.
• tunawa wuri (titi na Transfiguration, gidan 77), inda 02/03/1944, aka mortally rauni VD Avdeev.
• kabari (Tiraspol karauka) domin goma sojojin da suka mutu a lokacin da kwato 04.10.1944, birnin tare da kyaftin Gavrikov.
• kabari da obelisk (Shkodova Mountain) a cikin memory daga cikin 56 wadanda ke fama da farkisanci, wanda harbe da mãsu bãyar da bãya punitive 09.04.1944 shekaru.
• MM kabari Bad a fairground shakatawa.

Odessa ta tituna a cikin girmamawa ga kahon

Afrilu 10 (ranar da kwata 'yanci na Odessa) ga abubuwan tunawa da dama na rayuwa. Domin girmama ƙwaƙwalwar na kahon na birnin, da tituna suna suna bayan su.

The sunayen da sojoji, a cikin girmamawa ga wanda aka mai suna tituna a Odessa:

• VD Avdeev-Black (Kiev yankin).
• MI Nedelin (Kiev yankin).
• VD Tsvetayev (Ilichevsky yankin).
• II Shvygin (Seaside yankin).
• IA Pliev (Ilichevsky yankin).
• NF Red (Kiev yankin).
• VI Chuykov (Kiev yankin).