Penguins - tsuntsu ko dabba? Tambayoyi da Amsoshin

Penguins - tsuntsu ko dabba? The saba tambaya, daidai ne? Kuma wannan shi ne m. Kowane daga cikinmu, ko ya tambaye wannan tambaya kamar yadda wani yaro, ko ji shi daga yaransu. Admittedly, ba kowa ya san amsar. Saboda haka wane ne waɗannan da ban mamaki da kuma muhimmanci kyau penguins? Wannan shi ne wani tsuntsu? Ko dabbobi? Ko watakila yana da kifi?

A kadan tarihi

Turawa farko ga wadannan ban mamaki halittu a 1499, daya daga cikin sahabbai da ya shahara Portuguese navigator Vasco da Gama ya bar wani Littãfi da ya bayyana kasar tsuntsaye, kamar wani abu a kan geese, "ihu, kururuwarta reminiscent na jakai ... ba su iya tashi ... "akwai tsammãnin su ma shan azaba da tambaya:" Penguins - yana da wani tsuntsu ko dabba "?

12 Bayan shekaru, a irin wannan rikodi da aka yi memba na balaguro na Magellan, da Italiyanci Antonio Pigafetta. Ya rubuta: "M geese, ci gaba da karkata zuwa ga gaskiya, ba iya tashi, sosai m ..." A gaskiya, saboda da sinadirai masu kiwon kaji da kuma samu farko da sunan. Gaskiyar cewa "pigvis" a Latin yana nufin "mai". A kimiyya sunan "sfeniskus demersus" (a translation - "a kananan sandan, kura idon cikin ruwa") da tsuntsaye sun ba da yawa daga baya - a 1758. A sabon sunan da aka taƙaitaccen bayanin, da kuma jaddada siffar tsuntsaye da su hanyarsa ta rayuwa.

Idan muka magana game da farko gamuwa penguins da mutane, shi da aka gudanar, mai yiwuwa a Australia. Sai dai itace cewa a lokacin archaeological tono a cikin zamanin d shafukan da ƙashi na daga waɗannan tsuntsaye. Masana kimiyya bayar da shawarar cewa penguin nama a cikin abinci na Australia.

taƙaitaccen bayanin

Kuma duk da haka ... Penguins - yana da wani tsuntsu ko dabba? Duk wani kundin sani ba wannan tambaya bayyananne amsar. Spheniscidae - a iyali na marine flightless, amma mai kyau iyo da kuma ruwa tsuntsaye. Kawai Wakilai pingvinoobraznyh tawagar. The iyali yana da 20 subspecies. Penguins streamlined jiki maida shi musamman domin motsi a cikin ruwa. Saboda tsokoki da ƙashi na daga waɗannan tsuntsaye na'urar daidai iyo, yayin da rawar da dunƙule, gudun da kara amfani, yi da fuka-fuki. A sternum ne da raya tsokoki, wanda nawa to game da kwata na jimlar nauyi, da kuma hurta keel. Cinyoyinsa ne wajen takaice, gwiwa gidajen abinci m, kafafu kafa da baya (ga dalilin da wannan bakon da kuma funny Gait). Kafa da dogon, short, tare da yin iyo membranes. Tail karfi truncated, da hidima a matsayin wani goyon baya a kan ƙasa. "Wheel" yayin da iyo ne musamman kafafu. Launi penguins rarrabe baki "kwat da wando" da kuma wani farin ciki.

Me wani penguin ba za a iya kira wani kifi?

Wannan shi ne wani akai-akai tambayi tambaya: "Penguin - yana da wani tsuntsu ko kifi?" Ga wasu, da tambaya alama m, amma saboda yana da wani wuri, a kokarin fahimta. A gaskiya, idan da penguin ji mai girma a karkashin ruwa, me ya sa ba kira shi da wani kifi? Da fari dai, saboda ya kadai ke farauta ita a cikin wannan yanayi. Ga zaune a penguin a kan ƙasar. Akwai ma incubates da qwai (ya ba sa qwai kamar kifi), ya kawo sama mai yankakkiyar albarka. Wani muhimmin bambanci - gaban gashinsa (sosai kananan, tam cushe, a ko'ina rarraba kan wani lokacin farin ciki mai Layer). Bugu da kari, da penguins - a hankali. Duk da haka, da zafi canja wuri tsarin suna da nasu, musamman kuma a cikin wasu hanyoyi na musamman. Its "motor" da yake a cikin fuka-fuki da kafafu. Jijiya jini shigar a cikinta hasarar zafi da venous (colder), da kuma cewa, bi da bi, gudana kashe su jiki (mayar da). Zafi asarar haka sami m.

abinci

menu penguins tushen Antarctic silverfish, anchovies, sardines da Shellfish. Sau da yawa da suka ci kawai a karkashin ruwa, wasu - onshore. Species ciyarwa, yafi a kan crustaceans, dole mu ciyar da yawa fiye da a kan samar da makamashi. Don cika makamashi ta halin kaka don kawai daya nutse da suka yi kama game da biyu da dozin crustaceans. Penguins ciyar, yafi a kan kifi, da sauƙin - su ne kawai daya nasara nutse daga goma. Duration na farauta kowane jinsin daban-daban da kuma dogara a kan kakar. Alal misali, Sarkin sarakuna penguins iya yi fiye da 800 dives. Amma a lokacin molting da kuma tsammanin da zũriyarta tsuntsaye da kullum ki ci. A wannan lokaci, shi rasa game da rabi daga cikin nauyi. Sha penguins zai fi dacewa seawater. Musamman gland dake kusa da ido, kacokan da suka wuce haddi gishiri.

haifuwa

Me ne da'awar cewa Penguin - wata dabba ba zai iya zama gaskiya? Evidence cewa wannan shi ne - tsuntsu, kawo sunayensu a baya. Kamar yadda wani sabon shawara, bari mu dubi kan aiwatar da haifuwa. Bari mu fara da cewa penguins yi ba viviparous, qwai ƙyanƙyashe, su, kamar dukan tsuntsayen. Su gida a mazauna, tare da dubban nau'i-nau'i. Domin incubating qwai da kuma ciyar da jariran hadu iyaye biyu, wanda daga lokaci zuwa lokaci maye gurbin juna.

A tabbatarwa da cewa Penguin - dabba mai shayarwa, da hanyar musanta ciyar. Sun ciyar da kajin ba madara, da kuma rabin-narkewar kifi da crustaceans, wanda gamba iyaye. A cikin ƙananan folds na ciki da yara "nutse" domin boye daga sanyi, kuma ba saboda servings na madara, kamar yadda wasu suka yi ĩmãni.

Farko na balaga dogara a kan jima'i, da jinsunan tsuntsaye. A daya Pairing ne zai yiwu a cikin shekaru biyu (kananan, sub-Antarctic), yayin da wasu - a shekara daga baya (chinstrap, sarki, sarki), da uku - kawai bayan shekaru biyar (macaroni).