Papillary thyroid sankara: haddasawa, cututtuka, saukarwa da peculiarities na magani

Medical statistics nuna cewa thyroid cuta a halin yanzu lokaci - daya daga cikin mafi kowa. Suna kamu a daya cikin uku mutane, musamman a cikin tsofaffi. A mafi hatsari cutar da ake dauke su ciwon daji (sankara) na thyroid gland shine yake. Wannan ganewar asali ne tsoratarwa duk wanda ya ji wadannan kalmomi kawai. Amma a gaskiya abubuwa ne ba haka ba ban tsoro kamar yadda alama. Modern magani ne don haka ci gaba, da cewa ba su ayyana cutar a wani wuri mataki da kuma nasarar rabu da shi. Bari mu bincika a cikin daki-daki daya da irin ciwon daji, da ake kira "sankara papillary thyroid."

siffofin da cutar

Papillary ciwon daji ne mafi kowa a cikin wasu nau'in. Malignancy taso ne daga m sashin jiki nama yana visualized matsayin mafitsara ko wani ƙari fi girma m. A 80% na lokuta, marasa lafiya za a iya gaba daya warke daga irin wannan sankara.

Idan muka magana game da wasu irin ciwon daji, sa'an nan idan aka kwatanta su da papillary sankara o ƙarin tabbatar da girma sosai dogon. Wani alama - da metastasis na papillary thyroid sankara sau da yawa yada wa Lymph nodes.

Matsayin mai mulkin, da mãsu haƙuri ne kawai 1 naúrar, a rare lokuta, da dama daga cikinsu. Mafi kusantar su sha wahala daga wannan cuta a cikin shekaru 30-55 shekaru, mafi yawa mata (amma wani lokacin wani bincike da aka sanya da kuma maza).

dalilai

Babu daya a cikin daidaito ba zai iya sanin ko me ya sa tasowa thyroid ciwon daji. Doctors bayar da shawarar cewa mafi m dalilin ne cell maye gurbi. Me ya sa ni ina da ciwon da irin wannan maye gurbi ma ba zai iya gane.

Ƙari tasowa bayan kasancewa mutated Kwayoyin. Suka fara girma, sannu a hankali shafi lafiya jiki nama.

Kamar yadda masana kimiyya ya ɗauka, sankara da papillary thyroid ciwon daji tasowa saboda:

• kasa adadin aidin a cikin kwayoyin.
• yanayi;
• ionizing radiation;
• cuta a cikin hormonal bango.
• nakasar cuta.
• miyagun halaye (shan taba, barasa zagi).
• m kwayar ko kwayan numfashi cututtuka.

shaida

Wannan nau'i na cutar daji tasowa sannu a hankali, don haka a farkon matakai shi ne m da dama, ba don wani bayyanar cututtuka. A cikin mutane, akwai wani rashin jin daɗi, ba ciwo, ya rayu cikakken rai. Lokacin da ƙari fara girma, shi take kaiwa zuwa zafi a cikin wuyansa. Wani mutum ya iya samun kansa a wani waje hatimi.

A baya matakai na sankara na papillary thyroid sanadin wadannan cututtuka:

• kara a mahaifa Lymph kumburi (a mafi yawan lokuta hannu daya, inda a can ne a m ƙari).
• zafi a cikin wuyansa.
• kasashen waje jiki abin mamaki a lokacin da hadiya.
• wani lokacin da murya zama wanda muryarsa ta duƙushe.
• bayyana shortness na numfashi;
• yayin da squeezing wuyansa (musamman a lokacin da wani mutum yana kwance ne a kan ta gefen) ji babba rashin jin daɗi.

mataki

Ko shi ne classified a matsayin papillary sankara na thyroid gland shine yake? Stage, ãyõyin wanda su ne tushen ga ganewar asali:

1. Age har zuwa shekaru 45:

• Mataki Na: samuwar wani size. Wani lokaci da ciwon daji Kwayoyin watsu a nan kusa tsokoki da kuma Lymph nodes. Metastases ba girma a kan sauran gabobin. Daya bai ji wani alamu na rashin lafiya, amma wani lokacin akwai wani kadan hoarseness, kadan zafi a cikin wuyansa.
• Stage II: karfi girma na ciwon daji Kwayoyin. Metastases shafi duka da Lymph nodes da kuma gabobin da suke kusa da thyroid gland shine yake (huhu, ƙashi). ÃyõyinSa isasshen bayyana, suka ba za a iya saba shukawa.

2. Age a kan shekaru 45:

• Stage I: ƙari kasa da 2 cm, babu sauran gabobin ba ya canzawa papillary thyroid ciwon daji. Alamun mataki: da mutum ba ya jin wani canje-canje ko cututtuka su ne m.
• Stage II: The ƙari ne a cikin iyakoki na thyroid gland shine yake, amma ƙuduri ne 4 cm.
• Stage III: size fi 4 cm, da cancerous Kwayoyin shafar kusa gabobin.

A overall hoto

Bayyanar da shafin, ko da hatimin - wannan shi ne na farko, wanda zai fara tare da thyroid ciwon daji. Sankara na papillary thyroid ciwon daji ne halin da guda abokai, a rare lokuta, mahara. Idan kumburi ne mai zurfi, kuma ta size ne kananan, sa'an nan da mutum ba zai iya gano shi da kanka. M ƙari na 1 cm da ba ma iya sanin ko endocrinologist. Kawai bayan da Amurka samu irin wannan kadan ilimi ko bayan ciwon daji Kwayoyin fara yada zuwa Lymph nodes, kuma suka, bi da bi, ya karu.

Lokacin da wani karamin adadin nodes cutar da ake kira "latent papillary sankara." Wannan irin ilimi ne ba matukar hatsari, ko da a mataki na metastasis. A ƙari motsa yardar kaina a cikin thyroid gland shine yake, za a iya rasa muhallinsu a lokacin hadiya. Amma lokacin da ciwon daji Kwayoyin watsu cikin kewaye tsokoki, da m ƙari wãyi gyarawa.

Metastases sosai da wuya yada zuwa wasu gabobin (wanin Lymph nodes). Sai ya faru ne kawai a cikin m, saukarwa da cutar. Metastases da na dogon lokaci da dukiya ba za a ji. A mafi yawan lokuta, papillary ciwon daji ta shãfi Lymph nodes, da wuya yada zuwa wasu thyroid lobe.

Features cell

Ainihin halayyar malignancy:

• size - daga 'yan millimeters zuwa dama santimita.
• a rare lokuta, akwai mitosis.
• tsakiya a cikin samuwar iya zama alli adibas ko scarring.
• ƙari ba encapsulated.
• Kwayoyin ba su da hormonal aiki.

duba

Da farko, likita palpates da thyroid a cikin wuyansa yankin. Palpated da mahaifa Lymph nodes. Idan likita ya sami wani abu, da haƙuri da aka aiko zuwa Amurka, tare da abin da za su iya sanin ko za a gaban abokai, su size da kuma tsarin.

Cytological hoto na papillary thyroid sankara - babban aiki na binciken. Don yin wannan, m-allura tsammãni biopsy, wanda yana da za'ayi tsananin karkashin iko da Amurka.

Don gane ko akwai metastases a sauran gabobin, da haƙuri da aka aiko shi ne ba da wani x-ray.

Muhimmanci!

Cytological papillary thyroid sankara - wannan shi ne wani misnomer, wanda ba ya dauke da ma'anar. Akwai Concepts "cytology" (definition of tsarin Kwayoyin domin gano cuta) da kuma "papillary sankara."

magani

Yadda za a taimaka a haƙuri da ganewar asali "papillary thyroid sankara"? Jiyya kunshi m baki. A irin wannan cuta da aka yi amfani da thyroidectomy. Akwai biyu yiwu ayyukan:

• M thyroidectomy.
• total thyroidectomy.

Ga cikakken halakar da ciwon daji Kwayoyin sun koma ga jiyya da rediyoaktif aidin, wanda yana da za'ayi bayan da aiki.

m thyroidectomy

Surgery na irin wannan da aka nuna a marasa lafiya tare da kananan size of malignancy, wanda aka located in daya daga cikin lobes jiki. Yana da muhimmanci cewa ciwon daji Kwayoyin ba yada a ko'ina kuma. Yawanci, a irin haka ne, da shafin ba ya wuce 1 cm a diamita. Duration na lura - ba fiye da 2 hours.

A haƙuri ba barazana ga ci gaban hypothyroidism, saboda hormones an hada unaffected rabo thyroid. Wani lokaci kana bukatar maye far da hormonal far.

total thyroidectomy

A hanya ya shafi cikakken kau na thyroid gland shine yake. Dukansu lobes excised sashin jiki, kazalika da Isthmus cewa ya haɗu su. Wani lokaci za ka bukatar ka cire Lymph nodes. Wannan ya faru a lokuta inda suke ƙwarai kara girman, kuma su metastases. Duration na lura - game da 4 h.

Bayan da irin wannan tiyata da haƙuri za su dauki rayuwa gormonosoderzhaschie kwayoyi. Bayan duk, shi ba ya zama a cikin jikin kyallen takarda na thyroid gland shine yake.

Rediyoaktif aidin far

Wannan far da ake amfani da lokacin da aiki da aka sanya riga. An nufin rushe na saurã daga ciwon daji Kwayoyin. Metastases, suka yi tafi ta'adi na jiki, ya tafi zuwa ga Lymph nodes, suna matukar hatsari. Amfani da rediyoaktif aidin gaza kashe irin wannan Kwayoyin. sau da yawa suka kasance a cikin thyroid gland shine yake da kanta bayan m thyroidectomy.

Ko da ciwon daji Kwayoyin sun watsu cikin huhu, da taimakon far da rediyoaktif aidin daga cikinsu za a iya samu nasarar shafe ta.

A postoperative zamani

Thyroidectomy - wani hadadden tiyata, amma dawo bayan shi azumi isa. Mafi yawan marasa lafiya da suka yi rayuwa ta hanyar irin wannan aiki, kada ka ji yawa rashin jin daɗi bayan hanya. A mutum na iya komawa zuwa al'ada ayyuka nan da nan bayan sallama daga asibiti.

Wasu mutane suna tunanin cewa bayan hanya ba iya cikakken ci, sha ruwa. Amma wannan ba shine al'amarin ba. A incision ba ya shafar hadiya biyu m ruwa abinci.

zai yiwu rikitarwa

A rare lokuta, tiyata rikitarwa ƙare:

1. Lalacewar da maimaita laryngeal jijiya, wanda shi ne ke da alhakin murya.
2. Hoarseness ko kananan canji da shi. Wani lokaci da murya da aka canza har abada.
3. Lalacewar da parathyroid gland. Suna located bayan da thyroid gland shine yake, don haka za a iya shafi a lokacin aiki. Amma da wannan zai faru sosai da wuya a saba likitoci. Damage fuskantar warwarewarsu alli da phosphorus metabolism. A sakamakon haka, wannan take kaiwa zuwa hypoparathyroidism.

Outlook

Than ga wani mutum zai iya juya zuwa papillary sankara na thyroid gland shine yake? A hasashen ne m, a mafi yawan lokuta. Ko da ciwon daji Kwayoyin sun watsu cikin Lymph nodes, da mãsu haƙuri iya zama na dogon lokaci. Statistics nuna cewa bayan tiyata a mutum na zaune:

• fiye da shekaru 20 a 70% na lokuta.
• fiye da shekaru 10 a 85% na lokuta.
• a kan 5 shekaru a 95% na lokuta.

Kamar yadda ka gani, ba haka ba ne m papillary thyroid sankara. A rayuwa kudi ne quite high, ko da a lokuta inda ƙari ya yaɗu a hayin thyroid.

m jarrabawa

Bayan cikakken hanya na lura da wani mutum ya kamata a kai a kai ziyarci wani endocrinologist. Wannan shi ne zama dole domin saka idanu da sauran harkokin kiwon lafiya. Wani lokaci da ciwon daji daga dawo, don haka dole ka sha cikakken jarrabawa a kowace shekara:

• jini (m dace maye far, da kuma gaban m ciwace-ciwacen daji, da sauran metastases).
• Amurka na wani thyroid gland shine yake da Lymph nodes.
• jiki duba tare da aidin.

Papillary thyroid ciwon daji - wani hatsari cuta, amma a mafi yawan lokuta shi za a iya gaba daya shafe ta. Babban Hanyar magani - da aiki, bayan wanda wajibi ne a yi riko da magani tare da rediyoaktif aidin.