Masara - shi ne mai kayan lambu, ko hatsi? Iri da kuma hybrids na masara

Wannan tambaya ya dade da aka ba amsar o. Kowa ya sani - masara hatsi. Ɗauka cewa masara - shi ne mai kayan lambu, shi zai iya zama zalla sabani. Shi ne mai arziki a cikin wani iri-iri amfani abubuwa, fleshy da kuma m iyawa. To, kawai son tumatir ko kabeji. Amma lokacin da hatsi ne Mafi balagagge, su zama m, idon yayi kamar gilashi ga tabawa, tunatarwata alkama ko hatsin rai.

Wani tabbaci na shuke-shuke na da iyali na ciyawa - da tsarin. Duk abin daga tushe, flowering hure kafa cobs, 'ya'yan jinsunan, a fili ya nuna cewa tana wakiltar masara. Yana da wani kayan lambu tushen kayan lambu, ko farin ciki adam m adam rufe da tsaba. Masara guda - kawai dadi tsaba. Bugu da kari, shi ya ƙunshi fiber.

Mene ne masara, asalin

Official kimiyya ce da masara - dangi na hatsi. Yana da wani shekara-shekara shuka (ganye), kai wani tsawo na fiye da mita uku. Ya kafa tushe, wanda aka kafa ta da dama iri cobs a cikin axils na kara. Monoecious. Hatsi yawanci mai haske rawaya. Su ne albarkatun kasa domin masara grits.

The m nau'in abubuwa masara daji. The halitta mazauninsu na ta mazauninsu bautarka tsakiyar ɓangare na America. Ta yi wani kananan COB tsawon 5-8 cm, da tsaba aka rufe da wuya ma'auni. Masana kimiyya yi imani da daya daga cikin tsofaffin jinsunan da iyali.

Mene ne wani masara, idan ba mafi muhimmanci da abinci da samfur da kuma mai karfi da abinci tushe don m dalilai a duniya a yau? Kusan dukkan sassa na shuka ne zartar da aiki. Wannan al'ada ne halin gaban zinariya a cikin 'ya'yan, da kuma a cikin kore taro.

abubuwa na noma fasahar

Shuka na masara varietal fara a tsakiyar watan Mayu, kamar tsakiyar latitudes. A zurfin saka na hatsi ne daga 5 zuwa 10 cm. Kasar gona zazzabi kada ta kasance kasa 10 digiri. Standard saukowa makirci: 60X70 ko 70X70. An shawarar yin superphosphate lokaci guda tare da shuka, musamman a kan matalauta kasa.

A ilimin zamani na hudu ganyen seedlings hõre thinning. A gida ya zama fiye da 2 tushe. Hilling ne da za'ayi kai tsaye kafin amai da flower hure.

Sau biyu a kakar, shi ne kyawawa don ciyar da shuka superphosphate, potassium chloride, da nitrate. Wannan yana da wani tasiri a kan darajar da 'ya'yan itatuwa da su dace tsufa. A farkon da kuma tsakiyar kakar iri riga a kan 70-80 rana, kirgawa daga fitowan, samar da shirye su ci a COB.

rotations

Namo na masara a kan wani m sikelin ya shafi kisan rotations. Godiya zuwa ga rage matakin na shuka cututtuka, qara yawan hatsi mafita.

A mafi kyau magabata, bayan da masara ke tsiro da kyau, - wani dankalin turawa, legumes, alkama, spring iri, m ma'aurata. Shi ne ma ya halatta ga girma sukari gwoza, silage masara, spring feed.

A fĩfĩta juyawa zuwa yi a kan tushen da wani yawan filayen, inda kowane irin horar da al'adu ba a cikin juyawa (mahara-filin tsarin). Wannan damar zuwa sami high da ake samu da kuma ba su rasa a cikin shekara-shekara samar da wani irin kayayyakin gona.

Al'adu ga Unguwa

Girma masara a cikin gida, da unguwa ne ko da yaushe zai yiwu shuka da sauran shuke-shuke. Masara iyali "ciyawa" fairly sauki sa up tare da wani alheri, da wasu na iya shiga cikin wani irin symbiosis. Ga misali, da saukowa kusa da cucumbers ko braiding wake, babu bukatar ƙarin goyan baya na'urar. Masara stalks daidai jimre wannan aiki. Bi da bi, da inabõbi ba ƙarin kwanciyar hankali da shuka, wanda yana da muhimmanci a lokacin da karfi gusts na iska.

Kowane irin Peas da daji wake form komai a fili kusa wadãtar da pretornal sarari tare da nitrogen, ba da masara ƙarin sojojin. A lokacin shuka dole ne da farko shuka masara da kuma jira har sai za a harbe, da dai sauransu - da wani sauran al'adu. Sa'an nan za ta da lokacin samun gogayya da ba zai zama zalunta makwabta.

Masara: iri da kuma hybrids

Modern iri-iri maki samu a kan tushen da kowa masara. Wannan zafi-m shuka zo daga Kudancin Amirka. Ta hanyar kokarin da shayarwa da kuma dogon lokacin aiki na bil'adama shi ne:

1. Hakori-kamar masara iri. Mafi riba ga namo. Za ka iya samun rikodin girbi na zuwa 150 kilo a kowace kadada. Excellent abinci domin shanu (shanu) da kuma sauran gona da dabbobi. Fat ƙunshi har zuwa 5% na gina jiki nauyi - har zuwa 10%.
2. Masara, zaki iri. Saboda da high carbohydrate content (75%) da kuma gina jiki (20%), kazalika da sugar, kuma shi ne musamman gina jiki amfani ga guraben. A gaban mai a shi ne kananan. Wannan shi ne nau'in masara horar da a kan dukan na Turai nahiyar.
3. Waxy masara. Maki ba yadada, amma arziki a starchy abu (amylopectin m!) - har zuwa 95% daga cikin abun ciki. Makawa matsayin ƙari ga rage cin abinci na shanu abinci.
4. Flint masara. Good sanyi-resistant iri-iri, ba located zuwa masauki, kuma shattering stalks hatsi. Yana yana da babban rigakafi da m bakan da fungal cututtuka da kuma rot. Sitaci ƙunshi isasshen - game da 87%, da kuma gina jiki dabba. Duk da haka, wannan iri-iri ne ba ma girbin kawai 65-75 quintals a kowace kadada.
5. Masara ga popcorn (fashe). Popular hybrids da iri na masara da yawa a cikin sassa na confectionery masana'antu. hatsi alama ne da ikon ƙara a lokacin da mai tsanani da kuma ƙara da girma, sunã mãsu jũyãwa da iska crispy irin zane.

A kadan na masara ci mutumci

Tambayar "Masara - shi ne mai kayan lambu, ko hatsi?" Daya lokaci mai sha'awar da mazauna New York State. Kuma dalilin wannan shi ne cewa kawai aka gudanar a gasar ga tallafi na "kayan lambu" jiha da isharori. A kishi zo da albasarta kuma masara, da kuma na karshe lashe a kan sakamakon zabe.

Devotees rukũ'i dogon outraged da nema don gane da nasara da inganci domin masara - wannan ganye! Bugu da kari, da girma na samar a wannan yankin shi ne muhimmanci na baya zuwa baka.

Amma kamar yadda suka faɗa, America - a free kasar, da kuma ba kawai ga mutane. Ko da sanarwa "Masara - shi ne mai kayan lambu!" Za a ji a nan shi ne quite halitta. Lalle ne, a lokaci daya, a zamanin mulkin Reagan, Kayan lambu da aka gane da kowa da kowa ta fi so ketchup !!!

Kuma abin da zai wani mutum talakawa? Masara - shi ne mai kayan lambu, ko hatsi? Kila, duk daya, domin biyu na ta da wani sunan, shi ne har yanzu dadi, gina jiki da kuma lafiya!