Monomer sitaci ne dangane?

Chemistry bambanta uku daban na carbohydrates. Wannan sitaci, cellulose, kuma glucose. Sitaci ne babban wakilin wani rukuni na halitta carbohydrates. Its kira na faruwa a duk shuke-shuke, shi ne babban tushen samar da makamashi ga jikin mutum. Mene ne wani monomer na sitaci? More kan cewa a kasa.

Fields na aikace-aikace

Daga sosai zamanin da, sitaci ne yadu amfani a cikin kiwon lafiya filin. A likita yi da shi da ake amfani da matsayin shafi wakili don ulcerative raunuka da kuma mucosal kumburi tafiyar matakai gabobin kamar hanji da kuma ciki. Hikimar tantance sunadarai da kuma pharmaceutical yana amfani da sitaci kamar yadda wani babban nuna alama ga aidin. Pharmaceutical Technology yana amfani da sitaci kamar yadda wani filler, wani nauyin wakili. Amma abin da connection ne mai monomer na sitaci, shi ne ban sha'awa ga mutane da yawa. Bari mu bincika a cikin wannan labarin.

Kawai a cikin kasar Research Center sitaci masana'antu ne wakilta All-Russian Research Institute of sitaci. An located a cikin Moscow yankin, da kuma ta babban aiki ne da cin gaban sabuwar fasahar domin samar da sitaci daga hatsi da kuma dankali, modified sitaci, glucose syrup, fructose syrup, da kuma kiwon lafiya da abinci ba tare da gina jiki. Bugu da kari ga bincike ayyuka, VNIIK aka zayyana na musamman kayan aiki wanda aka yi amfani da sitaci masana'antu. Saboda haka, VNIIK ayyuka shafi wani babban kimiyya filin, daga gudanar da bincike don bunkasa masana'antu.

Kasa ne a look cewa shi ne mai monomer na sitaci.

tsarin

Idan muka yi la'akari da sitaci cikin sharuddan kimiyya, tana wakiltar wata babbar adadin sauki sugars, wanda aka taru a sarkar. Wadannan sarƙoƙi iya zama mikakke ko branched. Kowane irin wannan babban kwayoyin sarkar - glucose, wato abu wanda ke taka rawar da primary makamashi Madogararsa a cikin jiki.

Wani irin dogon sarkar kunshi glucose, yana mai lankwasa dukiya to squirm da akai-akai folded. A sakamakon haka ne samuwar microscopic granules, wanda yayi kama da hatsi na gari. Ba zato ba tsammani, gari, ma wakiltar wani cakuda na sitaci da kuma wani daban-daban rakiyar abubuwa. Wannan shi ne, a monomer na sitaci ne glucose.

Idan ka dauki sitaci fitar da kokarin da shi a cikin wani ƙulli, ya goga tsakanin yatsunsu, sa'an nan za ka ji wani peculiar creaking. Irin wannan sauti ne generated a lokacin da sitaci barbashi shafa da juna: suna da wani m tsarin, da kuma irin wannan tasiri karaya ya auku.

A shuka kwayoyin sitaci ne kafa ta cikin jerin dangane da wani isasshen yawan glucose kwayoyin. Kafin wannan ya auku kira na glucose daga carbon dioxide da kuma ruwa. Bayan duk, shi ne wani monomer na sitaci kwayoyin.

The kayan sitaci

A mafi shuke-shuke da sitaci ne babban baturi makamashi reserves. Wannan shi ne abin da da kaddarorin za a iya bayyana ta da cewa da aiki ajiya na sitaci faruwa a tushen, tubers da tsaba. A cikin abun da ke ciki na hatsi na alkama ko masara - fiye da rabin na sitaci.

Bari mu bincika da sinadaran abun da ke ciki da kuma tsarin da sitaci. Sitaci, tare da glycogen da cellulose, shi ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci wakilan kungiyar na polysaccharides.

polysaccharides

Polysaccharides - suna da abubuwa da suke carbohydrate polymers, wanda ya kunshi babban adadin monosaccharide raka'a. Adadin su iya bambanta daga dama dubun zuwa dama dubbai. Wato, da high-kwayoyin fili (BMC), da kuma sitaci ne a glucose monomer.

A general dabara

Macromolecular mahadi daga cikin janar dabara za a iya rubuta kamar:

(C ₆ H ₁₀ Yã _{5) n,} inda n a cikin wannan hali zai iya zuwa har daruruwa da dubban.

Azahiri sitaci ne sananne ga dukan - da abu na farin launi, wanda ya kunshi kananan hatsi size. Sitaci ne insoluble a ruwan sanyi amma narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi. Shi yana da kumburi dukiya. A sakamakon mafita ne danko sosai daidaito bayan sanyaya canjawa wuri a cikin wani gelatinous salla kira manna.

A abun da ke ciki na sitaci , akwai biyu kasarun adadi: amylose da amylopectin. Wadannan biyu kasarun adadi suna kafa α-D-glucose. Suka sãɓã wa jũna a tsakãninsu ba kawai a cikin tsarin da sarkar kanta, amma kuma da yawan glucose sharan. Wadannan monosaccharide sharan tare ne da gadoji na oxygen. A lokacin da samuwar sarƙoƙi auku glycosidic hydroxyl hulda da daya kwayoyin da wani sunadarin wani giya hydroxyl. Lokacin da martani da sitaci da wani aidin bayani taso halayyar blue batawa. Wannan ne, da dauki ingantaccen a yanayi. Batawa vuya a lokacin da mafita ne mai tsanani, da kuma na faruwa a lokacin sanyi shi.

Yanzu shi ne bayyananne abin da fili shi ne mai monomer na sitaci.

Amylose - a polysaccharide da mikakke sarkar sunadarai, shi da aka gina da dama dubban hexoses (glucose sharan), wanda su ne juna α-glycoside bond hali. X-ray bincike ya nuna cewa kwayoyin amylose yana da wani helical tsari. Kowane nuna na karkace ne daidai da 6 raka'a samu daga monosaccharides. A kan talakawan, a Helix yana da game da 50 jũya.

A cikin irin wannan spiralevoy tsarin yana da tashar diamita game 0.5 nanometers. Ciki da tashar za a iya located wasu kwayoyin da cewa su dace a size. Wannan zane wakiltar wani musamman gidaje kira hada mahadi. Fili na amylose da aidin, da ciwon blue color, shi ne kawai daya daga wadannan sifofi. Mene ne wani monomer na sitaci, da muka samu a baya.

Amylose da amylopectin

Amylose da amylopectin da daidai da wannan sinadaran abun da ke ciki, su Babban bambancin dake tsakanin su - da na sarari tsarin. Amylose kwayoyin gina threadlike, Ina nufin mikakke, amma amylopectin kwayoyin yana da wani branched tsarin.

Tsakanin sashe maki aka located kamar 20-25 hexoses. Total amylopectin macromolecule iya hada game da 6000 ko fiye da raka'a samu daga monosaccharides.

Yawanci, sitaci aka hada 10-20% na mamaye ruwa. Idan shi ne hanzari mai tsanani, shi zai hydrolytic bazuwar na macromolecules da karami sarƙoƙi na kwayoyin suna kafa a sakamakon.

Sitaci ne babban tushen carbohydrates a cikin mutum rage cin abinci, wanda ya sa yana da mafi girma da daraja a cikin nau'i na abinci: gurasa, dankali, hatsi. A manyan yawa, sitaci da ake amfani a masana'antu, misali, shi da ake amfani a stock sizing na yadudduka (a cikin sizing tsari) gluing takarda da kwali yi dextrin manne. A fagen hikimar tantance sunadarai sitaci da ake amfani da matsayin nuna alama a lokacin da iodometric titration Hanyar.

Mun samu daga abin da abu ne mai monomer na sitaci.