Maras GDP, real GDP: Mene ne bambanci?

Babban macroeconomic Manuniya ne GDP da GNP (maras muhimmanci da kuma real), net kasa samun kudin shiga, na kasa da dũkiya, na sirri yarwa samun kudin shiga. Dukan su nuna da matakin na tattalin arziki yanayin kasa, al'umma da kuma 'yan ƙasa.

Auna da rabo daga "maras GDP - real GNP" da kuma abin da yake wannan ra'ayi? Mene ne deflator? More game da wannan za a tattauna kara.

ra'ayi

Kafin ka gaya mana game da maras muhimmanci, real GDP, za mu juya ga tambaya na da manufar babban kasa samfurin. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin babban macroeconomic Manuniya. Yana da aka lasafta a matsayin tara kasuwa darajar dukkan karshe kaya da kuma ayyuka da samar da 'yan kasa, duka biyu a cikin kasar da kuma kasashen waje.

Alal misali, a wasu Rasha kamfanin domin samar da confectionery kayayyakin yana da masana'antu da wuraren biyu a Rasha da kuma kasashen waje. A karshe ya kafa kasuwar darajar daga sayar da kayayyakin da ake samarwa a duk kamfanonin na kamfanin, za a hada a cikin total GNP. Kuma da kaya samar a cikin wani factory a Rasha, za a hada da kawai a cikin GDP (} asashensu).

Saboda haka, da babban kasa samfurin ne daidai GDP da wani sa na dukiya samar da 'yan waje a kasar. A ra'ayi na "maras GNP", "real GDP" bincika a kasa. Yanzu bayyana abin da karshe kudin kaya.

A ra'ayi na karshe kudin da dukiya

Kowane daki-daki, daga kayayyakin da wani ɓangare na mota, gilashin, da sauransu. D. Za a iya sayar a kasuwa a matsayin shirye-sanya, da kuma yadda wani ɓangare na wani hadadden samfurin kamar wata mota.

Don daidaituwar tattalin arziki Manuniya kasance a matsayin haƙiƙa kamar yadda zai yiwu, la'akari kawai da adadin da karshe kudin kaya. Daya Hanyar kayyade kasuwannin gida - da darajar kara haraji.

misali

Alal misali, a tarakta factory sayayya injuna daga sauran kamfanoni. A wannan yanayin, wadannan kayayyakin ba za a dauka a asusun da har na macroeconomic Manuniya. Za su shiga kawai adadin daga sayar da tarakta. Amma idan daya engine shuka zai sayar da naúra zuwa secondary kasuwar ta kantin sayar da gona da kayayyakin gyara, da farashin zai sauka a duka biyu GDP da GNP.

Maras muhimmanci da kuma real GNP

Wani lokaci, a cikin tattalin arzikin kasa, da tsarin tafiyar matakai kamar ya karu da hauhawar farashin kaya, ragewar darajar kuɗi, denomination da sauransu. A ɗaya, da macroeconomic Manuniya aka lasafta a cikin gida ago, ko da yake da} asashensu, ba shakka, za a iya auna a al'ada raka'a. Tare da hauhawar farashin kaya depreciate kudi, wanda ke nufin cewa a cikin macroeconomic Manuniya, wanda ya nuna ainihin Jihar harkokin, shi wajibi ne don yin gyara daidai da.

Ga wani misali na la'ada cewa shi ne maras muhimmanci da kuma real fihirisa. Bari mu ce, shekaru uku da suka wuce, wani dan kasa samu albashi na $ 30 dubu. Rubles a cikin kudi na 30 rubles da dollar. Wannan ne, a gaskiya albashi ne 1 dubu. Dollars. Yau, Hakkin ya ne kawai da dubu 30. Rubles. Wannan ne dan kasa nominally karɓa guda adadin kamar dā. Yau, duk da haka, za su iya a sayi riga a kalla $ 500. Ganin cewa a manyan yawan kayayyakin a cikin kasar daga kasashen waje, za ka babu makawa kara farashin a Stores kusan ninki biyu. Saboda haka, real Hakkin zama dan kasa kasa da shekaru uku da suka wuce, duk da cewa da Figures (maras) a kan banknotes ba su canza.

A gungu na maras GDP - real GDP na wannan ma'anar. Ko da abin da lambobin yau a macroeconomic Manuniya, yana da muhimmanci - ko da halin da ake ciki ya canza a cikin tattalin arzikin ga mafi alhẽri.

Maras muhimmanci da kuma real GDP: GDP deflator

Deflator calculates Yunƙurin ko fall na tattalin arzikin saboda da matakin na ji na macroeconomic Manuniya a kan lokaci. Yana da aka lasafta ta da dabara: Naira Miliyan Xari da Tamanin da kasuwar farashin kayayyaki da ayyuka na yanzu shekara, raba da Naira Miliyan Xari da Tamanin da kasuwar farashin domin shekara. A sakamakon dole ne ta tara da xari bisa dari.

All Figures kasa 100 za su nufi wani digo a cikin GDP, sama 100 - girma.

Waɗanda suka yi karatu tarihi san cewa gurguzu ya zo da iko a 1917, idan aka kwatanta da duk Manuniya na ci gaba "albarka" da 1913. Wannan shekara, a gaskiya, da Rasha Empire zama a duniya jagora a dukkan tattalin arziki Manuniya. Amma kawai kwantanta ainihin Figures: nawa aka tattara, girbe, simintin, da dai sauransu Sa'an nan suka ƙaryata game da tsarin jari hujja, kuma ba shi yiwuwa don a san da darajar da macroeconomic Manuniya ...

Yau kome ya canza. A duniyar jari hujja muka kwatanta da Figures a cikin kalmomi na da darajar. Babu komai nawa hatsi girbe a cikin shekara da ta gabata, yana da muhimmanci - abin da adadin da aka sayar.

Dalili na wani ba shekara a lokacin da kimantawa da macroeconomic Manuniya. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, daya daga cikin mafi tattalin arziki nasara.

Sau da yawa dauka a matsayin tushen a cikin shekara ta 2007. Don lissafi Yunƙurin ko fall na} asashensu, shi wajibi ne don takaita darajar kaya da kuma ayyuka na 2007 da kuma raba shi da Figures for 2008 (ko kuma wani, ga abin da muka so don samun sakamakon). A sakamakon ware Naira Miliyan Xari da aka yawaita da xari bisa dari.

Lissafin lokuttan Example GNP deflator

Alal misali, da Naira Miliyan Xari da dukiya da kuma ayyuka sayar amounted zuwa $ 1 trillion. rubles a shekara ta 2007 (matukar lambobi). A shekarar 2008, dangane da rikicin, ta fara yin 0.8. Saboda haka, GNP deflator za a lasafta da dabara: (0.8 / 1) x 100 = 80.

Wannan shi ne na GNP a 2008 ya 80% na pre-rikicin shekara ta 2007.

Amma muna samun kawai a maras muhimmanci girma Manuniya. Don samun hakikanin Figures, shi wajibi ne don la'akari da hauhawar farashin kaya da kuma kudi na aikin hukuma kudin (idan da daidaituwar tattalin arziki Manuniya aka ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi a cikin kasa kudin).

Alal misali, a 2014, da dollar ya game 35 rubles a shekara ta 2016 domin game da 62 (musamman ba za ta yi la'akari da ainihin Hakika, mu kawai kome). Babban macroeconomic Manuniya aka lasafta a rubles (a kalla mana da shi ya ruwaito a cikin labarai). GDP for 2014 ne kamar guda kamar yadda a cikin shekarar 2015 (idan girma, shi ne ba yawa).

Yanaye zaton cewa a shekarar 2014, kuma a shekarar 2015 da girma na GDP ya a cikin adadin $ 1 trillion. rubles, amma tare da wani gagarumin ragewar darajar kuɗi da kudin da wata karuwa da $ 1 trillion. rubles, za mu saya daloli a cikin kudi na 62 rubles da USD kasa da game da 45% fiye da cewa a cikin kudi na 35 p. domin USD

Saboda haka, maras muhimmanci kudi zauna canzawa -. 1 biliyan rubles, da fihirisa fadi da kusan 45%.

Hakika, wasan kwaikwayon na babban kasa samfurin dukkan manyan tattalin arziki da kuma siyasa sa ran, a matsayin mai mulkin, a daloli. A wannan yanayin, da ragewar darajar kuɗi na kasa kudin musamman rawa a yi wasa ba za ta zama domin sanin hakikanin da maras muhimmanci girma, amma hauhawar farashin kaya, wanda aka lura a cikin dollar, a cewar wani m kimanta na har zuwa 1%.

Saboda haka, da ciwon dukan zama dole lissafin, yana yiwuwa ya kwatanta maras / ainihin GNP Figures, kuma domin sanin gaskiya Jihar harkokin cikin tattalin arzikin.

Kumbura zai zama ko da yaushe?

Amma a wasu lokuta, real GDP ne maras GDP? Wannan zai faru a lokacin da biyu sharuddan ne ya daidaita da sifili:

• A kudi na kumbura.
• ragewar darajar kuɗi na kasa kudin dangane da matakin na duniya. Wancan ne, wannan taron alama ba zai yiwu ba. Ba, bisa ga hasashen tattalin arziki, a cikin zamani na jari hujja duniya, maras muhimmanci da kuma real GDP ba daidai. Sai dai in, ba shakka, ba mu laifi maras rates a cikin shekara, wanda aka hukumance dauka a matsayin tushe. Alal misali, idan akai dauka a shekara ta 2007, da real kuma maras muhimmanci sharuddan shi zai zama daidai. Amma sa'an nan ba za mu iya fahimtar muhimmancin da tattalin arziki.

ƙarshe

Saboda haka, mun tattauna matsalolin kamar maras GDP, real GDP, da kuma ayyana dabara deflator, wanda damar domin sanin kasar Sin. Muna fatan cewa matsakaicin samuwa data bayyana Concepts. Bayan duk, duniya tattalin arziki da rikicin shi wajibi ne don kewaya asali tattalin arziki Concepts.