Kai-propelled manyan bindigogi naúrar "Tulip": siffofin da kuma hoto

Ka yi la'akari da abin da a destructional manyan bindigogi tsarin High umurnin Reserve, wanda ba shi da wani kai tsaye kama a wani sojoji a duniya.

Sanadin

Experience yakin duniya na II ya tabbatar da bukatar manyan-zamo kamar manyan bindigogi, iya lalata kufaifan. Amma shi ya zama na fili da cewa tsohon nauyi manyan bindigogi samfurori ba zai iya biyan bukatun yau tsauri yãƙi. Saboda haka, ko a lokacin yaki, a cikin arba'in da hudu shekara, cikin Soviet gwamnati ya ba da aiki wajen samar da wata 240-millimeter turmi Kolomna Design ofishin.

A samfurin ya samu index M-240 da kuma shigar da sabis da Soviet sojojin a 1950. Ba kamar rokoki karami zamo, shi zarginta da 130-kg high-m fragmentation nawa. Cikin kewayon wuta ne kilomita takwas daga nan. Duk da haka, da irin towed rokoki wannan zamo domin zamani zamanin na Soviet sojojin Caribbean rikicin ya fara wakiltar rabu amfani. Kai-propelled manyan bindigogi naúrar "Tulip" sanya wani sabon aiki ga zanen kaya na Ural sufuri Machine-Building Shuka.

dandali

Ural ne tsarin integrator na aikin, aiki tare da hadin gwiwar da yawa masana'antu da kuma zane ofisoshin da Tarayyar Soviet. Kanta wani manyan bindigogi tsarin, sun kasance da za a shigar da kansa shasi, halitta a cikin Permian "MZ". Yana da aka asali ya kamata su yi amfani da shasi SU-100, wanda aka saka manyan bindigogi naúrar. "Tulip" ya yi yawa nauyi ga irin wannan dandali, da kuma an talauci jure a wata babbar harbi fita.

Urals yi halin canza ainihin dandali, da samar da wani sabon kusan mota. Amma a wannan matakin na daidaituwa, wanda ya kai-propelled naúrar "Tulip", ya cimma tamanin da cent dangi zuwa tushe na kai tushe. The motsi na inji sakamakon a wani dizal engine aka kimanta a 520 horsepower, kyale shi don tarwatsa har zuwa sittin kilomita awa. A cikin baka na ƙwanso sama da aiki da kwamandan yankin saka juyawa turret, sanye take da wani 7.62-mm na'ura gun.

The ƙungiya da kuma lissafi

The ƙungiya daga fama abin hawa ne mutane biyar, wanda ya nuna da gaske ra'ayi na developers da mechanization na aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ga harbe-harben bindigogi haka manyan zamo. Kafa cikin "Tulip" a lokaci guda ya yale mu mu safarar dukan lissafi da kuma ammonium. Bugu da kari ga gun kwamandan da kuma direba, a sanya a cikin hanci sashe na na'ura, shi daukawa biyu aiki da kuma sojan igwa, wanda aka located a cikin yãƙi daki. A kai matsayin da suka zauna kujerun gaba ga mechanized fama fakitin transportable ammonium. Lokacin da tura da tsarin shirya domin bude wuta ma'aikatan jirgin an sanya bisa fama jadawalin.

240-mm turmi

Tsara tushen a kan kwarewa da halittar kuma da aiki na towed turmi M-240, da sabon tsarin ga mota samu index 2B8. Da farko an zaci harbe-harben kai tsaye daga cikin abin hawa shasi. Duk da haka m recoil karfi na game da ɗari biyar ton, da kuma buga kalaman harbi, crushes saka man fetur tankuna, aka tilasta watsi da wannan shawarar. Rene ta sauya layout na shigarwa "Tulip" yana da biyu matsayi. A kai turmi ne a kan crawler, kuma a yaƙi ne ta mãsu kauri, mãsu a kan wani zamiya tushe farantin, oportoy ƙasa.

Translation kayayyakin aiki, daga jerin gwanon a cikin harbe-harben matsayi da wani na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tsarin. Ikon turmi ne da za'ayi a cikin wani revolving boeukladki wanda zai iya ƙunsar har zuwa ashirin high-m minti goma ko aiki-amsawa.

harbe-harben

Kafin bude wuta inji fassara daga kai matsayin da harbe-harben. Kafa cikin "Tulip" ta wajen na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa actuators turmi jefa baya na baya na na'ura da kuma sanya shi a kan tushe farantin.

Loading turmi sanya kai tsaye daga boeukladki inji ko ƙasa. Tare da loading da akwati boeukladki jũya casa'in digiri, da sadarwarka kafa cajin daga breech na ganga, bayan wanda turmi ne sake a cikin wani wuri kusa da a tsaye. Ga lissafi na harsasai da ƙasa winch iya amfani da saita 130- da 250-kilogram min. Bayan caji da makami jawo by hannu a kwance kwana. Saiti ne da za'ayi tsaye da wani na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tsarin. A babban matakin mechanization na aiwatar da kawo magance shiri, caji, da shiriya, zai yiwu a cimma wani fitaccen mai kudi na wuta ga gun ta zamo. Kafa cikin "Tulip" ne iya harbe-harben a wani kudi na daya harbi da minti.

Fama damar da harsasai

The fama tasiri na tsarin samar da kyau kwarai motsi, ballistics, daidaito da kuma kewayon da harsasai amfani. Dalili na ammonium ne high-m mahakar yin la'akari har zuwa ɗari da talatin da kilo, wanda iya wuta a fuska daga sama zuwa goma kilomita. Har ila yau a cikin arsenal ne a roka-taimaka dako, damar daukan hankali hari a nesa na ashirin kilomita. Ikon wadannan zargin shi ne babban. Sun bar baya da wani bakin dutse goma mita radius da kuma zurfin game da shida. Ko da nauyi kufaifan irin ba zai iya tsayayya da su.

Roka shirin mai gabatarwa "Tulip" (photos za a iya gani a cikin labarin) za a iya amfani da a matsayin high-daidaici da makamai lokacin da harbe-harben shiryar da makamai masu linzami "Daredevil." Suna jawo ta nuna Laser katako haske dalilai da dama da aikace-aikace na punches zuwa zurfin biyar zuwa goma kilomita. Don tafiyar da manpower da kuma yankin hari za a iya amfani da tari da kuma incendiary ammonium. Napalm cajin shigarwa 2S4 "Tulip" maida hankali ne akan daya hekta yanki, tana mayar da shi a cikin wani m tafkin wuta. Bayan gargajiya kayan aiki "Tulip" iya amfani da ikon da makaman nukiliya zuwa biyu kilotons na TNT.

Sirri kan makaman da serial samarwa

Soviet Army turmi m 2S4 shiga a shekara ta 1971, ya maye gurbin towed model samfurin 1955. A cikin tsakiyar eighties ya tafi zamanintar, ƙara da fama halaye. Products Production ci gaba har shekarar 1988, da kuma game da shida motoci da aka samar domin dukan saki lokaci. Tarayyar Soviet ya sa da dama daga rokoki "Tulip" a Iraki da kuma Czechoslovakia. A farkon biyu dubbai da dama samfurori da aka aika zuwa Libya a kan wata yarjejeniya tare da Rasha shugabanci.

A amfani da fama da Tarayyar Soviet

Turmi 2S4 shigarwa haƙĩƙa, sun shige ta farko baftismar wuta a Afghanistan a matsayin wani ɓangare na wata iyaka contingent na Soviet sojojin. Kamar yadda aka kiyasta na masana, a cikin yãƙi, a fannin halarci to ɗari da ashirin da makamai. By duk asusun, shi ya tabbatar da zama musamman nasara a wuya yanayi na yaki. Tsaunuka muhimmanci dagula amfani da manyan bindigogi da harbe-harben kai tsaye wuta da kuma howitzers. Sufurin jiragen sama, ma, ba zai iya ko da yaushe dũka a garu ƙauyuka located in dutsen kogo ko kuwa a kan gangara. Kafa cikin "Tulip" nuna mafi girma yadda ya dace, kuma ya halaka maƙiyi mukamai a daya ko biyu Shots, ko ta yaya mugun suka sanye take.

Amfani a cikin zamani yaƙi

Experience a cikin yin amfani da rokoki a Afghanistan a cikin m lokacin da murkushe 'yan ta'adda da kuma ɗan fashi tsarin a Chechnya. Irin wannan yanayi na gudanar da yãki a yarda da sauri sami hanyar da ta dace don halakar da dutsen matsayi 'yan ta'adda. Bugu da kari ya fada a cikin filin kai-propelled turmi shuka "Tulip" da aka yi amfani da su kai hari ƙauyuka. Ta ya za'ayi na harbe-harben garu bunkers yan fashi a lokacin shiri na storming na Grozny.

Abin baƙin ciki, fama tsarin biography 2S4 "Tulip" ya hada da aukuwa na hannu a cikin yakin basasa a Ukraine. Domin da farko lokacin da shi na amfani da dakarun da ke biyayya ga Kiev gwamnatin, a lokacin Semyonovka hari a 2014. Exoticism da rarity na da irin wannan makami sa cewa bakin dutse da aka ba a gane nan da nan, kuma ya sa a muhawarar game da makami, wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewa da irin wannan girma. Ra'ayin karkata zuwa imani da cewa bakin dutse bar dabara ballistic harsashi. Duk da haka, shi yi aiki, "Tulip".