Ivan Grozny: hali halaye a taƙaice. Evaluation na Ivana Groznogo

Sarki na farko na dukkan Rasha Ivan na huxu, ko Ivan Grozny, halayyar da mutum wanda yake sha'awar a da yawa daga cikin Sahaban, samu a tsawon shekaru na mulkinsa, wata babbar adadin ƙasar, wani lokacin resorting to m wajen. Haka kuma an sani domin samar da tsarin na Karkasa iko. Amma babu wanda ya san cewa mafi gudummawar da ya celebrity: sabis zuwa jihar ko zafi, mai fitina fushi?

Ivan Grozny: hali da kuma zamanin, kazalika da suke kewaye da yanayi

A Rasha Tsar, wanda ya yi mulki daga 1547, ya jikan Ivana Velikogo da ɗansa Vasily III. Uwarsa - Princess of Mongolian asalin. Lokacin Ivan ya shekara uku da haihuwa, mahaifinsa ya mutu, kuma shekaru biyar daga baya da uwarsa mutu (bisa ga wasu, kuma zai iya yi guba). Around da maturing yaron ya wani yanayi na m gasar da kuma zamba. Sun mutanen da fama da matalauta kiwon lafiya, zagi, magudi da rashin ilimi.

A gwagwarmayar da iko a fadar jũya a cikin wani jini gaba. Ivan da kansa ya gani ko ji game da kisan kai da kuma duka. Kuma sau da yawa ya aka hõre fi'ili da kuma ta jiki harin. Iya buga su tormentors a mayar da martani, ya vented ya takaici a kan matakin da dabbobi, wanda ake gilla azabtarwa da kuma jefa daga hasumiyar fi. Saboda haka ya ciyar da yara Ivan Grozny. Hali halayyar shi - mai wuya aiki, saboda yawa da aka sani game da shi, amma ko da more - kawai manta ko share kan.

Ilimi, sabon abu da kuma wuce yarda da ibada ...

A lokaci guda, Ivan strenuously tsunduma a karatu littattafai da kuma karanta su a wani m taki. Ya rubuta cewa da yawa, koyi wasa music kuma zama mai kyau mahayi. A hankalce, ya kasance yafi ci gaba fiye da wanda suke kewaye da shi. A ainihi da kuma halaye na Ivan da Munin a lokacin da hankali karatu da yawa masana tarihi. Wannan mutumin da aka haka dũkan a asali da kuma koyi cewa ana iya samun sauƙin sa kan daidai da mafi m shugabanni.

Haka ne, shi ne m, amma a lokaci guda, sosai taƙawa kuma kullum tsayar da rikitarwa ayyukan hajji na Orthodoxy. Yana daukan wani aiki sashi a cikin daban-daban coci ayyuka. A goma sha shida, a 1547, Ivan aka lashe. Makonni uku daga baya ya aure Anastasia Romanovna.

Ta aka zaba da 'yan mata a cikin farati, ya gabatar da matasa Tsar. Sarauniyar ta haifa masa 'ya'ya shida, wanda kawai biyu na tsira. A lokacin da hadin gwiwa wurin zama na goma sha uku Anastasia ya kullum na da calming sakamako a kan m, juyayi da kuma m yanayin mijinta.

A farkon sarautar: shu'urin shugaban

A lokacin da wannan lokaci, daga 1547 zuwa 1560 gg., The kima na mutum da kuma aiki da Ivana Groznogo, kamar yadda mai mulkin, daukawa mafi kyau fasali. Ya zama shu'urin da taƙawa shugaban. Ivan nada majalisar bada shawarwari, kafa majalisar dokokin aiki sake fasalin a karamar hukumar, da kuma kusantar up wani sabon code na dokokin wadda yi daidai da misali da nauyin da aikinsu na aristocracy.

The hali na Tsar Ivan IV da Munin zama m ba kawai a cikin Rasha jihar. Ya zai kula da Volga, da kuma damar zuwa Caspian Sea, da inganta harkokin cinikayya da daban-daban kasashen Turai, ciki har da Ingila, Faransa da kuma Holland. Bugu da ƙari, ta gayyatar waje artists, shi ke tsunduma a cikin kayan ado na Moscow. Kuma dole in za a musamman lura domin su high m administrative siyasa. Saboda haka ya ci sarauta Ivan Grozny, hali halaye suna da kyau da aka sani ba kawai domin masana tarihi, amma kuma da yawa da-karanta mutane.

Farkawar rashin fushi

A 1553, Ivan ta huxu shan wahala da tsanani da rashin lafiya, a lokacin da zai fara zuwa zargin mashãwartansa na disloyalty. Ya yanke shawarar da ya dauki fansa a kan iyalansu, ta amfani da azabtarwa da kuma kisan. Kuma a lokacin da matarsa mutu a 1560, ya fara wani lokaci na dabba arbitrariness.

Yanzu ya Sahaban buga wani mabanbanta Ivan - Munin. Halayyar mutumin da sarki ke tafiya ka ko da a cikin makaranta manhaja da kuma kowane dalibi ya sani cewa daga lokacin ya fara bambanta m keta. Rayuwar iyali Ivan IV zama mafi m, nuna rubutu ta kai-centeredness, kai shakka kuma manic halin.

M rayuwar iyali

A 1561, ya auri wata kyakkyawar mace Maryamu Temryukovna, amma nan da nan na gaji da ita. Shekaru biyu bayan ta mutuwa, Ivan auri Marfe Vasilevne Sobakinoy - 'yar wani m, wanda ya mutu makonni biyu baya.

A karo na hudu matar Ivana Groznogo - Anna Alekseevna Koltovskaya. Tana aika shi zuwa ga sufi, da kuma a 1575 ya aure karo na biyar a kan Anne Grigorevne Vasilchikovoy. M lady ya samu wani lover, wanda Ivan Fourth dasa a kan gungume kai tsaye a karkashin ta taga, da kuma sosai mazinaciya takwabin a nuns. Sa na karshe da aure ne zuwa Maria Nagaya. Ivan ta huxu aure ta a 1581. Akwai versions cewa wasu daga cikin matan da Munin mutu daga dalma.

The m, wanda ya zama sananne saboda rashin lafiya-liking

Hakika, masu karatu suna sane da yawa na tarihi Figures. Ivan Grozny, Petr Veliky, Catherine Mai girma, da sauransu. Amma Ivan Fourth - shi ne sarki, wanda ji kowa da kowa, ko da waɗanda ba su san tarihi. Abin da ya sa irin wannan duniya daraja?

Wannan shi ne mai yiwuwa toughest lokacin mulkinsa, wanda ya heyday daga 1564 zuwa 1572 shekaru. Lokacin da, bisa ga tarihi kafofin, John V. mana azaba da kuma kashe dubban talakawansa, kuma da yawa ko mallaka. Burinsa ya tsarkake ƙasar "mayaudari abubuwa". A 1570, kan na unproven zargin cin amanar kasa dukan birnin na Novgorod aka azabtar. Dubu sittin mutane da aka yanka a daya mako.

Kamata na kokarin wannan tsananin tarihi da mutum

Ivan Fourth mulki har 1584. Wasu daga cikin masana tarihi ce da ayyuka zuwa cikin ikon, wani Zagin wuce kima suspiciousness da keta, da yawa saka shi a cikin laifin infanticide ... Yadda za a gano wanda ya yi daidai? The kawai zaɓin - to shiga cikin tarihin, amma zai dauki lokaci mai tsawo muna. Saboda haka mu je da sauran hanyar da. Wannan zai taimaka wajen samun Masana wani mutum, ko wani makwabcin ko Uncle Vasya sanannen Ivan Grozny? hali halayyar. A takaice pausing kawai na asali bayani, yana yiwuwa a lura da m tuhuma, insatiable mugunta da kuma matsanancin cin hanci da rashawa. A cewar masana tarihi, wannan shi ne mafi fice a halaye na sarki.

A zamanin mulkinsa, da wuya a daya daga wani daraja iyali na asalin da aka ba ta shafa kai-nufin sarki. M gonakinsa da aka yi watsi a lokacin harin da guardsmen da gonaki aka tilasta su bar gidajensu a search na ceto. Da zarar ka kira wannan mutumin mai tanƙwasawa, a despot, a maniac, mai kisan kai na da nasa dan ... "In general, - mai karatu zai ce, - sourpuss". Da kuma yaranta Ivana Groznogo ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan. Saboda, mafi m, riga a farkon shekaru ne m zaluntar da aka dage farawa a cikin yaro, wanda ta bayyana kanta a adulthood. Girma a wannan yanayi da suka yi sarauta a fadar Ivan ta huxu bai iya sadarwa tare da uwar ko uba, ba wanda ba shi da wani goyon baya - ba jiki kuma halin kirki. Saboda haka shi ne, ba domin mu mu yi hukunci da fushi rashin zaman lafiya, ko kuma gazawar da psyche.