Koroleva Viktoriya: mace, ya ba da sunan na zamanin

Ba kowa ba ne kulawa da su bar monarch a kanta a ƙwaƙwalwar, kamar wannan mace. Lokacin da masana tarihi magana na United Kingdom of Great Britain da kuma Northern Ireland, rabi na biyu na XIX karni, suka kira zuwa Victoria Ingila, da kuma tsawon lokaci daga 1837 zuwa 1901, shekaru a cikin abin da mulki Koroleva Viktoriya, da ake kira da Victoria zamanin. Amma farkon labari ya da nisa daga Rosy ...

Alexandrina Victoria shi ne kawai yaro na Prince Edward, Duke na Kent da Strathearn na Hanover daular da Princess daya daga cikin German jihohin Victoria na Saxe-Coburg-Zaalfeldskoy. Victoria mahaifiyar aure a karo na farko cikin shekaru 17, amma ya zama kamar ma shi aka qaddara domin gudanar da gwauruwa ta giciye. Ta farko miji ya rasu bayan shekaru 11 da aure, da barin wata mace tare da 'ya'ya biyu. The biyu aure aka shiga a 1818. Angon (da Duke na Kent) da aka a lokacin 50. A kawai 8 watanni bayan haihuwar da makaɗaicin 'yarsa, ya mutu daga ciwon huhu (da sabuwar dabara na maganin rigakafi ya basu fito), 6 kwanaki gaba mahaifinsa, Sarkin Great Britain George III.

A nan gaba Sarauniya Victoria da aka haife shi a wani suna fadin Kensington Palace kan karkata daga London May 24, 1819. Ko da yake Victoria da aka jera a matsayin kawai na biyar a layi a kan karaga, da kuma kai da chances kasance siriri, da Duke na Kent yi imani da cewa sauran magada da zai iya kalubalantar nan gaba na Victoria a kan karaga, idan aka ba haifa a Burtaniya gona. Saboda nace a kan motsi daga Jamus zuwa Ingila. Victoria ya sunan zaba domin jariri yarinya. A godfather na baby shi ne Rasha Sarkin sarakuna Alexander I, saboda sunan na biyu kuwa shi ne gaba Sarauniya Alexandrina. A cikin iyali ta kira Drina.

Victoria da aka haife shi a cikin gidan sarauta, amma ta yarantaka da aka kashe a wajen cramped yanayi (ubansa bar shi a bashi gaji).

Bayan mahaifinsa da kakan ta mutuwa, Victoria daukan uku wuri a layin a kan karaga bayan nasa biyu, marar 'ya'ya baffanka. Sarki zama George IV, tsohon regent jinya mahaifin tun 1811. A sabon sarki auna kan 120 kilo, ya ƙaunace alatu da kuma nishadi. Ko da yake ya kasance a fan na littattafai Dzheyn Ostin, ta patronized artists a lokacinsa, amma 'yar marigayi sarki ɗan'uwanmu, fusata. Ya ba tare da so yarda Victoria tare da mahaifiyarta su matsa zuwa Kensington Palace, da kuma soma da yarinya mai kananan izni. Brother Leopold uwa (nan gaba, Sarkin Belgium) biya domin ta ilimi.

Victoria bai halarci taron ba makaranta, ta yi karatu a gida na tarihi, labarin kasa, lissafi, kayan yau da kullum na addini, wasa da fiyano da zane. A farkon shekara uku na rayuwa, ta yi magana ne kawai Jamus, amma sai dai da sauri ƙware Turanci da kuma Faransanci. Conservative uwa kare ta daga mummunar al'amurran da sarauta rayuwa, shuka a cikin 'yarsa da daraja dabi'u da kuma m hanya. Bayan rasuwar uku gwaggwanninku, raba da gimbiya daga kursiyin da shekaru 18 shekaru na Koroleva Viktoriya zo a kan karaga.

Ta mulkin kasar shekaru 63, 7 months da 2 kwana (daga 1837 zuwa 1901 shekaru), to wannan rana ya zauna da monarch, mafi tsawo-bauta wa Birtaniya kursiyin. A shekaru 21, da Queen of Birtaniya aure ta dan uwan Albert na Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, wani Jamus yarima. Sun yi aure a Fabrairu 10, 1840 a cikin ɗakin sujada na Royal Palace a St. James.

A lokacin Victoria ta sarautar Birtaniya ya zama wani iko daular, a mamayar da kwata na duniya, ta sojoji suka yi jihãdi a kan mãsu yawa fronts. A kasar ta yawan ta ninki biyu, kuma ya zama yawanci birane. Bauta da aka soke. A cikin biranen akwai samar da ruwa, iskar gas da wutar lantarki da 'yan sanda, kwalta hanyoyi da kuma feda kekuna, na farko kudin sufurin kan sarki kuma Comics, kazalika da duniya ta farko jirgin karkashin kasa (sanannen London Tube). Gina masana'antu da kuma jiragen kasa, da daukar hoto da aka kirkiro, roba tayoyin, na farko mailboxes da dinki da inji. Drina bayan mijinta Albert majiɓinci, da sababbin na'urorin fasaha da kuma sha'awar su. Lokacin da ya bayyana cikin dokokin a kan yara ilimi da kuma taro bude makarantu fara.

Koroleva Viktoriya shi ne na farko monarch da suka rayu a Buckingham Palace. Ta ƙaunar singing duk rayuwata da yawa zuwa zana, rubuta littattafai, zuwa wasar kwaikwayo ta waka da kuma ya sosai da farin ciki aure. Duk da haka, mijinta mutuwa gigice sarauniya. Albert ya ta mataimaki a cikin wannan, kuma a kan mulkin kasar, da kuma a cikin rayuwar iyali. Ta yi makoki mutuwar kusan shekaru 10 har sai da ya rasu, ya yi ta makoki da mutane ya nuna babu tausaya. Hagu bazawara a shekaru 42, da Queen of Birtaniya kawai sami ƙarfin da komawa zuwa da aikinsu, da kuma yara.

A Victoria da Albert ya yara tara, 40 jikoki da 37 mai girma-jikoki. Takwas sarauta yara suna zaune a kan karagu na Turai. All tsira ga ƙarfinsa, wanda ya a rarity a cikin XIX karni. Duk da haka, kamar yadda ya juya daga baya, Koroleva Viktoriya wani m na hemophilia gene, yada cutar ta hanyar da morganatic aure na da yawa Turai sarauta iyali, ciki har da iyali na Rasha Tsar Nicholas II, wanda Alexander matarsa kuwa jikar Sarauniya Victoria. Tafin kafa magaji zuwa Rasha kursiyin, Tsarevich Aleksey sha wahala sosai daga wannan cuta.

The sosai guda Koroleva Viktoriya, wanda biography ne ba damu game da wani ƙarni na masana tarihi suka yi nasarar tsira bakwai kisa yunkurin da ya mutu a 81 a bugun jini. Ta aka binne su a kabarin a Windsor Frogmorskom. A halin yanzu Sarauniya na United Kingdom ta Sarauniya Elizabeth II, kuma mijinta, Prince Albert, shi ne babban-girma-girma-jikoki daga Victoria.