Hada hannu da Moscow sarauta na Tver lokacin da wani ya faru da kuma a cikin abin da shekara? Shiga Novgorod da Tver zuwa Moscow sarauta

A XI karni Old Rasha jihar ya kasu kashi da yawa m mulkoki. Bayan da mamayewa na Tatars da kuma kafa na Mongol karkiya fara kara Moscow ta tasiri. Wannan karamin gari ya zama siyasa cibiyar na Rasha asashe. Moscow sarakuna jagoranci gwagwarmaya da steppe ma'abũta. Bayan Dmitry Donskoy ci Mamai a yakin Kulikov, wannan shugabancin matsayin da aka kara karfafa.

shiga Novgorod

Duk da haka, ban da Moscow, akwai har yanzu 'yan arziki da kuma muhimmanci birane, wanda dadin' yancin kai. Da farko sun kasance Novgorod da Tver. Suna a haɗe zuwa Moscow a lokacin zamanin mulkin na Ivan III na (1462-1505).

Ubangiji Novgorod girma ya ko da yaushe ya tsaya fitar da wasu Rasha birane. A XII karni da aka kafa a Republican tsarin gwamnati. Power a cikin birni ne da farko mallakar majalisar. Yana da aka wani taro na 'yan kasa, wanda ake tafiyad da key Novgorod shugabanci ta hanyar zabe. Irin wannan dimokuradiyya wanzu ne kawai a Pskov. Novgorod zaba su yarima. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, waɗannan su ne masu na Rurik daular. The prince iya canza wurin ikonsa da gādonta, kamar yadda aka yi a sauran tsoho birane.

Shiga Novgorod da Tver zuwa Moscow sarauta kai ga warwarewarsu hadisin, saba wa mazauna yankin. Ivan III ba su son gaskiya da 'yanci da mulki a kan bankunan na Volkhov. A farkon shekaru na mulkinsa ya yi kwangila a karkashin abin da Novgorod Moscow autocrat yarda da abin da ya zama majiɓinci. Duk da haka, akwai wani ɓangare daga aristocrats wanda ba ya so ya karfafa tasirin Ivan. Wannan rukuni na boyars karkashin jagorancin Gwamna Wife Marfoy Boretskoy kawance da Lithuania. Ivan daukar wannan harka a matsayin cin amana. Ya ayyana yaki m. A 1478 da sojojin karshe shiga Novgorod da annexed shi zuwa ga dũkiyõyinku da Moscow yarima. Yana da aka dismantled da babban alama ce da 'yanci na unguwa - taron kararrawa.

A matsayi na Mikhail Khodorkovsky

A wannan lokaci, Tver har yanzu m na Moscow. Yana mulki matasa Prince Mikhail Borisovich. Ivan III a lokacin, aka shagala daga dangantakarsa da Tver saboda yaki tare da mangolawa. A 1480 ya dauki tsaye a kan da Ugra kogin. Bayan shi, Ivan karshe samu kawar da Golden taro tributary matsayi.

Bayan da cewa dangane da Moscow sarauta na Tver. Ivan III ya gefe tasiri, da kuma sojoji da yawa. Tver zama latest wanda aka azabtar da manufar "tara Rasha ƙasashe" kuma saboda mallakar Mikhail Borisovich ya dasa qiyayya a tsakanin Moscow da kuma Novgorod.

tarihi Tver

Kafin wannan, a cikin XIV karni Tver da duk chances zama cibiyar ha duk Gabas Slavic mulkoki. Ga wasu lokaci, birnin shugabanni ko da ya mallaki Vladimir - zamanin d babban birnin kasar na yankin. Duk da haka, da m Yunƙurin na Tver sarakuna shryuwa Tatars da sauran Rasha shugabanni. A sakamakon haka, ya zama birnin da aka azabtar da wani jerin wars a cikinsa duk da makwabta sõyayya da shi. The uku shugabannin Tver a lokuta daban-daban rasa kawunansu a cikin taro. Ta hanyar wannan gwagwarmayar keda daukaka a kan Rasha ƙasashe Moscow lashe. Ivan III kawai gama aikin wanda aka fara da magabata.

Moscow da kuma Tver Union

Tver shugabanni, da rasa da tsohon tasiri, yunkurin gama kawance da Rasha, a cikin abin da suka kasance daidai members. Lokacin da mahaifinsa ya Ivan III, Vasily da Dark, a cikin masun mulki fara hargitsi. The yaki tsakanin jikoki Dmitriya Donskogo (pretenders zuwa kursiyin) ya nufi da cewa sa'an nan Prince of Tver Boris yanke shawarar taimaka daya daga cikinsu. Ya zabi ya fadi a kan Dark Basil. Shugabanni sun amince da cewa Ivan III auri 'yar sarkin Tver. Lokacin da Basil karshe kulla a kan kursiyin (duk da gaskiyar cewa ya aka makantar), da ƙungiyar da aka kammala.

Duk da haka, shi ne aure na Ivan III sanya yiwu Accession zuwa Moscow sarauta na Tver. Surukin farko da Manzon (kuma Ivan), godiya ga mahaifiyarsa, da dukkan hakkokin da gadon kaka.

sanyaya dangantakar

A crack a cikin dangantaka tsakanin makwabta zo, a lokacin da ba zato ba tsammani da mata ya mutu a Moscow Maria B. Duke. Bayan wannan taron, da m da kuma hangen nesa, Tver boyars fara motsa zuwa Moscow, a jira na a nan gaba yaki. Daga cikin su shi ne, misali, Daniil Holmsky - sanannen gwamnan da kuma kwamandan soja. Hada hannu da Moscow sarauta na Tver ya faru ga makawa tarihi dalilai, da kuma fitowan da dalilin kawai ya bayyana wani al'amari lokaci. Ivan III daukaka majalisar, yana ambaton sauran boyars cewa shi ne mafi kyau don matsawa da sabis don shi. Wadannan matakan sun yi dangane da Moscow sarauta na Tver sauki motsa jiki. Elite tunawa da birnin bai guje makawa taron.

A gaba hari a kan Mihailu Borisovichu ya nada Bishop na Tver Bassion. A duniya shi kuwa ɗan daya daga cikin generals Ivan III. A sabon bishop ya da ido na sarki a wani gari da ke kusa. Ya yi yawa sanya Accession na Tver zuwa Moscow sarauta. Shekara bayan shekara, Bishop Ivan aika ta tura a jihar na zukatan da gida aristocracy.

New masõya Michael

A karshe bege na Mikhail Borisovich a kiyaye 'yancin kai na iya zama wani ƙawance da Yaren mutanen Poland-Lithuanian jihar. Shiga Tver zuwa Moscow sarauta zai zama da rikitarwa idan ta tsaya ga Western makwabta. A farko, Michael shiryar da Orthodox magnates da zuriyar Gediminas. Ya kammala dynastic aure, amma ba su kawo wani dividends.

A 1483 Michael zama gwauro. Ya yanke shawarar aika wani m ofishin jakadancin zuwa Yaren mutanen Poland sarki Casimir. The prince so auri jikanyar da kuma samun wani abin dogara ɗan kura. Dogayen sanda sun Katolika, da kuma a Moscow sun aka bi fiye sanyi. Ba da da ewa Ivan III koya game da sirrin dangantakar Michael. Bayan haka, ya yanke shawarar fara Tver shiga cikin Moscow sarauta. A ranar da wannan taron ne inexorably gabatowa.

fada Tver

A karshen watan Agusta 1485, Ivan III tattara m regiments. Tare da su, ya tafi zuwa Tver, furta yaki Mihailu Borisovichu. Tsayayya da sarauta kasance kõme ba. Michael gudu zuwa Poland. Suka rage a cikin boyars Ivan aka tambaye shi kai su cikin sojansa fiye da ƙãre dangane Tver zuwa Moscow sarauta. Shekara bayan shekara, Ivan hankali bar wa maƙwabcinsa ba tare da magoya baya da kuma albarkatun. A karshen, akwai riko da Moscow sarauta na Tver. Idan wani zai rayu ko suna a yanzu mazauna birni, ba su iya bayar da juriya na gwamnatin tsakiya. Moscow ya halitta sakamakon fadada daga cikin ƙarni-tsohon gwagwarmaya tsakanin takamaiman mulkoki, wanda ya lashe wani daya. Sa'ad da ɗan na Ivan III da Vasily aka shiga Pskov da Ryazan, wanda ya ƙare ƙungiyar na Rasha. Moscow ya zama na kasa siyasa cibiyar, wanda tuni aka ba jayayya.

Last Prince of Tver Mikhail Borisovich ya a Poland, inda ya mutu cikin salama a 1505 (wannan shekara kamar yadda Ivan III). By Casimir, ya samu dama kadarori, inda ya rayu har zuwa rasuwarsa.