Ugra - wani kogi ne a cikin Kaluga Region

Ugra - kogi sunã gudãna Kaluga da Smolensk yankuna na Rasha. Yana da wani hagu tributary na Likitan mata River. Ugra ne na halitta iyaka a kan karkata daga cikin babban birnin kasar na mu Mahaifa, mahaifiyata - Moscow. Saboda haka, a ranar da bankuna da shi ya faru da yawa mai daraja feats na makamai a cikin sunan fatherland. A wannan kyakkyawan kogin kusa Moscow za a tattauna a wannan labarin.

The sunan Ugra River

rigingimu underway tare da girmamawa ga etymology na sunan kogin. Wasu yi imani da cewa sunan shi ne ba na Slavic da Finno-Ugric asalin. A wannan harshe, tushen da "vrai" ( "Southern") na nufin "kogi". Wasu yi imani da cewa kalmar "Ugra" Dates baya ga tsoho Rasha Qgr ', wanda yake nufin "tsutsa". Shi ne daga wannan alama faru zamani kalmar "bano". Idan muka yarda da wannan jarrabawa la'akari, shi za a iya zaci cewa a zamanin da mutane da ake kira kogin "meandering, Tuddan" ga intermittent yanayin da ya kwarara, da cika fuska canza su shugabanci.

Asalin da Ugra River, da sunan da ake dangantawa da wasu daga cikin Magyar shiri da cewa ya tsaya a kan ta bankuna tun a tarihi mai nisa. Magyar tribal sunan da kalmar "Ugric".

hydrological description

A kogi ne 399 kilomita. Waha yankin - kamar 15.700 km ^2. Madogararsa na Ugra aka located a kudu-maso-gabashin ɓangare na Smolensk yankin.

Ugra - kogin, wanda aka powered by hanyoyi da dama: 60% na shekara-shekara dake kwarara da dama a kan melted ruwa, 30% sun ƙasa, da kuma kawai 5% na kwarara zo tare da precipitates. da kogin matakin gwamnatin na halin high, ya furta tide low isasshen low-ruwa lokaci a cikin rani da kuma kaka, wani lokacin katse ambaliyar ruwa saboda ruwa sosai, kuma low kuma barga low-ruwa lokaci a cikin hunturu. A marigayi Maris, da kankara a kogin ya narke da kuma fara da spring ruwan tsufana, wanda ƙare a farkon watan Mayu. A wannan lokacin, da ruwa matakin yakan zuwa 10-11 mita, idan aka kwatanta da hunturu lokaci. A talakawan amfani da ruwa a cikin kogi ga shekara ne 90 m ³ da biyu.

Ugra aka rufe da kankara daga marigayi Nuwamba har Janairu. A kogi ba freezes a cikin shallows, saboda karfi igiyoyin da kauri daga cikin kankara a Ugra daban-daban.

Kwarin Kogin halin da manyan yawan ambaliyar ruwa filayen, da nisa kai 1-2 kilomita, da kuma a cikin nisa da tushe - 3,5 km. Ugra tashar nisa ne 70-80 mita nisa da tushe. A talakawan kwarara kudi na kogin - 0.4-0.6 m / s.

springhead

Ugra - kogi, yana da asali a cikin Smolensk yankin, Yelninsky District, 25 kilomita daga garin Yelnya, 2 km daga kauye High. Wannan wuri an ayyana wata halitta abin tunawa daga gida muhimmancin. Halitta iyakoki na kare yankin ne da yankin da filayen kwari, a cikin abin da aka located. Tushen kogin - karamin fadama, wanda aka powered by surface ruwa dake kwarara. Ugra kwarin a wannan lokaci ne kusan ba ya bayyana, shi ne kusan gaba daya overgrown tare da undergrowth da kananan shrubs. Daga cikin itatuwa suna mamaye da Birch, Aspen ne ƙasa da na kowa. Age na kore sarari ya kai 35-40 shekaru. Kawai a kusa da kauyen na High River samun saba fom da wata, tsattsarkar tashar na al'ada da kuma a kan.

tributary

A Kaluga yankin da kogin lullube tafarkinsa for 160 kilomita. A Ugra yawa empties cikin creeks da kõguna. Its main aikin gandu ne: taki, rasa addini, Shan, Techa, Ress, magana, Rosvyanka, Veprik, Verezhka, Sokhna Coon Remezh, Uzhayka, Debra, Dymenka, Gordota, Oskovka, Makivka, Baskakovka, Sobzha, zagaye, Voronovka, Sigosa , Ikklesiya, Leonidovka da yawa wasu. Total Kaluga kogin Ugra yana da 44 inflows. Ya ƙunshi wani gado na pebbles da lafiya yashi. Ugra gudanar a cikin Oka a nesa na goma kilomita daga headwaters na birnin Kaluga.

tarihin asali

Ugra - kogi cewa sau da yawa amsa kamar yadda wata halitta iyakar da ke tsakanin daban-daban na siyasa tsarin da etnoplemennymi. An fara daga 1147, a cikin records dauke da nassoshi siyasa rikicin a kan shi. Yana suka yadu da aka sani da ake kira "tsaye a kan Ugra kogin." Saboda haka a Rasha tarihin kira da adawa da ya faru tsakanin grand sarkin Moscow Ivan Uku da kuma Khan Big taro Akhmat a 1480. Wannan lokacin a cikin tarihi na Rasha da aka dauke su ƙarshen Mongol-Tatar karkiya. Tsaron gida darajar Ugra jaddada sunan barkwanci, wanda bayar da ita da mutãnenta - "Belt na Virgin."

A kan bankunan na kogin Ugra bambanta daraja feats na makamai, da yawa Russia. A nan a 1812, da tsaro kiyaye shahara Denis Davydov. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, a lokacin farko na Nazi sojoji a Moscow, Ugra zama wata halitta shãmaki a tsakãnin kare mahaifarsa da kuma invaders. A kan kogin, ya zartar da feat AG Rogov, da rundujar soja masu dawaki kwamandan. Ya aiko da kona jirgin sama a kan farkisanci mararraba na Ugra da kuma halakar da shi.

Fishing a kan kogin

A Ugra, za ka iya kama da daban-daban kifi: Pike, burbot, roach, bream, da azurfa bream, sturgeon, catfish da perch. A cikin aft Iya kai, wanda aka located kasa da mirgina, live koto, ko tafarkin ne da kama Pike. Sauran kifi fauna daga cikin kogin fi son tsutsa. Spring ne mafi alhẽri ga kama Chub a kan wani Yuni kwaro. A lokacin rani marigayi, mai kyau cizo a fara Chub. Dandana anglers ci gaba da kama Kukan kuma a cikin keji, kamar yadda wani muskrat ko Otter iya Sneak up zare jiki, da kuma arrogate to kanta daraja ganima.

National Park

Daya daga cikin cleanest a tsakiyar yankin na Rasha da aka dauke su kogin Ugra. Kaluga yankin ne sananne ga ta m yanayi. A 1997, yankin ya bayyana "Ugra" National Park, wanda yake shi ne musamman kare halitta yankuna. Ya ke tsiro da dama jijiyoyin bugun gini shuke-shuke (1026 jinsunan), wasu daga wanda aka shigo da daga Arewacin Amirka, yayin da wasu suna gida Flora. The National Park da aka girma 140 rare jinsuna ga Kaluga Yankin: lady ta sifila, palchatokollennik Baltic, gashin tsuntsu ciyawa, neottianta cucullata, Cephalanthera longifolia da sauransu. Mutane da yawa na wadannan tsire-tsire ne a cikin Red Littãfi na Rasha Federation.

A fauna na kasa shakatawa da aka wakilta 300 jinsunan. Yana gida barewa, daji Boars, squirrels, Elk da marten. Daga cikin tsuntsaye fi yawa takaddamarsu, takaddamarsu, shaho, itace na tattabarai, da woodcocks. A kan bankunan na kogin za ka iya samun beavers da otters. A cikin duka, da shakatawa da aka jera: dabbobi masu shayarwa - 57 jinsunan tsuntsaye - 210 kifi - 36, halittar dabba mai kafafuwa - 10 dabbobi masu rarrafe - 6 cyclostomes - 1.

National Park "Ugra" kara fadin Kaluga yankin a nesa na kilomita 200. 90% na nau'in bambancin da yankin ya hada da ajiye.