Grem grin: biography da kuma hoto

Marubuci Grem grin an dauki daya daga cikin mafi shahararren Figures a Turanci adabi na karni na 20th. Isa ga dogon rai da ya halitta da yawa ayyukan ƙwarai, kuma akai-akai zabi ga Nobel Prize, amma ba samu da shi, kõ dã ya daraja ba kasa da yawa wasu rabo.

Grem grin: A Biography (yara)

An haife shi a wani babban iyali na Charles Henry Green, wanda a lokacin shi ne darektan na daya daga cikin mafi karfi makarantu a Ingila. Tun suna yara, m na karatu kasada wallafe-wallafe. Constant rikice-rikice da takwarorinsu sa da dama kunar bakin ƙoƙarinsa. A sakamakon haka, da yaron da aka kwashe daga makaranta domin gida na makaranta, sa'an nan ya aiko don Balliol College, mukaddashin a Jami'ar Oxford.

Fara rubutu aiki

Bayan kwaleji Grem grin ya fara aiki a matsayin 'yar jarida da mujallar "Nottingham Journal", kuma daga baya - da aikin kai wakilinmu na "The Times". A shekaru 22, ya tuba zuwa Katolika, ta haka sun kara nuna rashin amincewa da Church of England, rinjaye a United Kingdom. Duk da haka, a wannan lokaci akwai sauran ra'ayoyi, (sunã cẽwa, ya kasance warai a cikin soyayya da classmate wanda iyayensa sun amince da aurensu kawai idan canji nan gaba bangaskiya-a-dokar).

A shekara ta 1929 na ga littafin na farko da labari, "The Insider," wanda yana da wasu nasara tsakanin masu karatu. An sanya Grema Grina tunanin game da rubutu aiki.

Sakamakon farko littafin da aka bi da sauransu. A musamman, m marubuta sun kawo irin wannan mataki-cushe jami'in tsaro a matsayin "Istanbul Express", "Hitman," "wakĩli" da kuma "Office of ji tsõro." A karshe labari da aka rubuta a cikin tsakiyar yaki da kuma ya gaya na Kasadar Artura Rou Londoner. Don wannan fim da dama da gangan, ga wanda farauta Nazi yan leƙen asirin ƙasar, da kuma matasa mutum yana gwada sosai wuya a zauna da rai.

Wadannan littattafai su ne sosai nishadi Greene zato, kamar yadda sun yi tsayayya da daya daga farkon ayyukan - labari "ina aka kafa Ingila ', a cikin abin da marubuci nuna aiwatar da canji a cikin harshen Turanci jama'a a ƙarƙashin rinjayar kimiyya da ci gaban fasaha.

tafiya

Back a cikin 1930s, wani matashi marubuci, ziyarci Liberia da kuma Mexico. Wadannan tafiya yi girma ra'ayi a kan shi, wanda a cikin sa biyu littattafai na tafiya rubutu "Hanyoyi aika mugunta" da "Journey ba tare da maps." A 1940 an buga shi da kuma mafi kyau labari, wadda bisa ga sukar, rubuta Grem grin. "Iko da ɗaukaka" Ya sa wata kaifi zanga-zanga daga cocin Katolika, amma a gaskiya magana game da hidimar Kirista sauko firist, wanda aka aiko zuwa tafiyad da sacrament na mutuwa, ko da yake ya sani cewa shi ne jiran wannan harbi.

Aikin a hankali

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Grem grin ne da Sarauniya matsayin wani ɓangare na Leken Asiri Service a cikin ƙasa na Portugal da kuma Sierra Leone. A daidai wannan lokaci shi ne hukuma da aka jera a matsayin wakilin na Birtaniya harkokin waje na Office. Aikin a hankali taimake shi da yawa a cikin rubuce-rubuce mataki-cushe litattafan da suka shahara tsakanin masu karatu.

Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Grem grin aka aika zuwa Indochina a matsayin wakilin ga mujallar "New Jamhuriyar". Abin da ya ga akwai, musamman abubuwan da suka faru na 1955-1956 shekaru, kafa dalilin labari "The shuru American."

A cikin shekaru goma, marubucin ziyarci da dama, "zafi spots" a duniya, kuma ya gana da m 'yan siyasa na lokaci, ciki har da wasu daga cikin azzaluman masu mulki.

ra'ayin siyasa,

Duk da cewa a lokacin rayuwarsa Grem grin ya sha nanata canza zamantakewa da siyasar fifiko, ya ko da yaushe ya kasance implacable da dukkan siffofin zaluncin da tashin hankali, ciki har da mulkin mallaka, kama-, farkisanci gwamnatocin, wariyar launin fata da kuma addini rashin ha} uri.

A lokaci guda, bayan da marubuci kare da zargi a cikin hali na Daniel da kuma Sinyavsky, shi fiye da shekaru 12 da aka ba da aka buga a cikin tarayyar Soviet.

A karshe shekaru ransa ciyar a Green Switzerland, inda ya mutu a shekarar 1991, 3 Afrilu.

Grem grin: Movies

Mutane da yawa daga cikin marubuci ayyukan da aka yin fim. Daga cikin su akwai farko a tarihin duniya cinema fim game da kisa - "Wannan Gun for hayan" tare da Alan Ladd da Veronikoy Leyk, kaidin wanda ya tafi zuwa ga labari "Hitman" (1942).

Wani muhimmin zanen zama jami'in, "Na Uku Man", saki a 1949 da kuma harbi a kan samfurin na Grema Grina. Ta ya lashe da Cannes Film Festival, kuma ma lashe wani BAFTA Award, da kuma "Oscar".

A zanen "Na Uku Man", ya sha nanata aka ayyana daya daga cikin mafi kyau a cikin tarihi na duniya cinema kuma mafi kyau Birtaniya fina-finai na duk lokaci.

Duk da quite a Hollywood bayyanar, wanda ya zama wani saurayi Grem grin, actor ba ta juya fitar. Duk da haka, da marubuci aka har yanzu zabi na "Oscar", a 1950 domin screenplay na film "The Fallen Idol". Duk da haka, da kyauta bai samu ba, amma jim kadan kafin hoton da aka gane a matsayin mafi kyau Birtaniya film version BAFTA. Bugu da kari, a cikin 1954, Grem grin ya samu nasarar sun jimre da rawar da m na hoto, "baƙo ta hannunka."

game da kerawa

Daga cikin mafi mashahuri ayyukan marubuci ta litattafan sun hada da "Our Man a Havana", "adam factor", "cibiyar Consula" da "Nature". Grem grin daidai da wahayi na Kirista sadaka, wanda ba ya mutu ko a cikin mutanen da suke da cikakken zunubi ne. Saboda haka, a cikin labari "Zuciya na Matter" ne game da wani gaskiya mulkin mallaka da 'yan sanda da yayi ba su zarga kowa ba, ba mata kuma farka, kuma waɗanda suka yi wa shi ne kõma, kuma kullum tilasta karya, da kuma "digirorin girmamawa jakadan" Doctor, m maƙarƙashiya, ya ji tausayi domin su garkuwa da kuma kashe a wani ƙoƙari na agazawa da jami'in diflomasiyyar.

Tambayoyi da Kirista dabi'u - shi ne ba kawai abu da ta nuna a cikin aikinsa Grem grin. "MythBusters" (labarin) ne samfurin na wani daban-daban irin. Yana bayyana sabon abu na yaro zaluntar, wanda shi ne musamman tsoratarwa da causeless kuma m.

"Barkwanci"

Wannan aiki na marubucin an dauki daya daga cikin mafi kyau ayyukansu, saboda haka ya cancanci ya yi magana game da shi, daki-daki. Babban scene na "barkwanci" labari (Grem grin) - tsibirin Haiti a zamanin mulkin Fransua Dyuvale. An rubuta a kan tushen da marubuci ta memoirs, wanda akai-akai ziyarci kasar, ciki har da shekaru na mulkin kama karya. A labari Grem grin nuna abin da ake nufi domin a rayu a kasar inda aika mugunta da kuma ta'addanci. Ko da kyau nufi da haruffa suna karye bango gina ta Duvalier da henchmen, da kuma mafi munin ne ganin rashin bege kuma ya senselessness na gwagwarmaya a cikin abin da suka zo.

Af, a cikin wata wasika zuwa Green AS Frere, wanda ya sadaukar da wani labari to amsa sukar da suke jĩfar shi na wuce kima dramatization na abin da ke faruwa a {asar Haiti, kamar haka: "Wannan duhu dare shi yiwuwa a tarnish."

A kan tushen da littafin a shekarar 1967 da aka cire wannan fim, a cikin abin da babban matsayin taka leda da Richard Burton da kuma Elizabeth Taylor.

karrama

Kamar yadda aka ambata a riga, a cikin tsakiyar 60s Grem grin aka zabi ga Nobel Prize for Wallafe-wallafe, amma Swedish malamai sun ki kyautar shi a gare shi, saboda sun saba da ra'ayin siyasa,.

Duk da haka, a lokacin da marubuci ya riga mai yawa daga abin da wallafe-wallafen awards, ciki har da Hawthornden Prize, da James Tait Blake, Shakespeare. Bugu da kari, ya aka bayar da Order of British "Knights na karimci" da "yabo". Musamman muhimmanci ga mafi Grema Grina wani Urushalima Prize, wanda aka bayar da mawallafa, nuna a cikin ayyukansa da taken na 'yanci a cikin al'umma.

festival

A kowace shekara a cikin makon farko na watan Oktoba, a garinsu na marubuci, da nufin ya dauki bangare a cikin kimiyya taro sadaukar da ayyukansu Grema Grina, janyo hankalin marubuta, masu sukar da kuma 'yan jarida. Events da ake gudanar a cikin tsarin na bikin, shirya da asusun a cikin sunansa.

Yanzu da ka san abin da ayyukan da aka rubuta ta shahara English marubuci Grema Grina, kuma wanda fina-finai da aka yin fim a kan su akai. The musamman da suka bambanta da basira ta'allaka ne da cewa ya ya iya ya halicci daidai ban sha'awa ayyukansa kamar yadda nisha abun ciki, da kuma warai falsafa, tunani-sa game da wurin mutumin a cikin al'umma.