Crimea 'yantar, 1944. Crimean laifi

Crimean laifi a shekarar 1944 an dauke daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci kamfen a lokacin yakin duniya na II. Yana fara a ranar 8 ga watan Afrilu. Ka yi la'akari da kara yadda da kwato Crimea daga Nazi invaders.

A halin da ake ciki a wannan yanki

Satumba 26 - Nuwamba 5, 1943 da aka gudanar Melitopol, da kuma a kan Oktoba 31 - Nuwamba 11 na wannan shekara - da Kerch-Eltegenskaya amphibious ayyukan. Soviet sojojin sun iya karya ta kufaifan a kan Perekop Isthmus. bridgeheads da aka kama a kan Kerch Larabawa da kuma a cikin kudancin Sivash. Duk da haka, domin cikakken 'yanci na Crimea ya ba da isasshen ƙarfi. Larabawa daukan manyan abokan gaba da karfi, ka dõgara a kan defenses. A cikin Perekop Isthmus da Sivash daura da bridgehead a matsayin abokan gaba kunshi uku, da kuma a kan Kerch sashin - da hudu makada.

Matsayi na jam'iyyun

Korar abokan gaba daga yankin, da tekun Black Sea jiragen ruwa na Tarayyar Soviet za su iya sake samu a key dabarun tushe. Wannan zai inganta yanayin masauki, daga jirgi da kuma hali na tashin. Bugu da kari, cikin sashin na Crimea rufe dabarun Balkan flank na Jamusawa, su main sadarwa wuce ta straits zuwa yamma Coast. A wannan mahallin, da Jamusanci gwamnati, bi da bi, dora muhimmanci ga riƙe ƙasa. Sun yi imani da cewa shi zai riƙe da goyon bayan Turkey da kuma Balkan majiɓinta. Jagorancin da 17th Army, tushen a yankin, da aka kallafa wa ci gaba da karshen yankin. Duk da haka, abokan gaba kwamandojin wajen samar da wani cikakken shirin, "Adler" idan na yi ritaya.

A jeri na sojojin

By farkon shekarar 1944 da Jamus sojojin tako har Ƙungiyarku biyu. By karshen Janairu a kan sashin zo 73rd da kuma farkon Maris - 111th dakaru Division. A watan Afrilu, maƙiyi sojojin kunshi 12 rarrabuwa. Daga cikin su sun 7 Romanian da kuma 5 Jamus. Bugu da kari, da abun da ke ciki na sojojin gabatar biyu hari brigades, da rabo daga daban-daban riba. A general, da yawan sojoji yana da fiye da 195 da dubu. Mutane. Division da 3,600 da rokoki da kuma bindigogi, 215 tankuna. Tare da iska goyon baya ga Army bayar 148 da jirgin sama. A muhimmiyar rawa a yaki da Soviet gefe ya yi wasa 4 Ukrainian Front. Umurnin dakarun nuna gene. Tolbukhin. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na sojojin sun kasance yanzu:

1. 51st da 2nd Guards Army.
2. 78 th da kuma 16 ga watan garu yankunan.
3. 19 Panzer Corps.

4 Ukrainian Front kuma goyan 8th Air Army. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na sojojin yanzu raba birged umarta ta Eremenko. Ta ayyuka kuma samar da goyon baya daga iska. A yakin jiragen ruwa sun shiga. Umurnin su kwashe Oktyabrskiy Filipp Sergeevich. Dakarunsa sun ga goyi bayan hari da kuma rushe maƙiyi sadarwa. Bugu da kari, a matsayin wani ɓangare na Soviet sojojin ba Azov Flotilla. Ta umarta ta Rear Admiral Gorshkov. Rundunoninsa goyon bayan m Independent Coastal Army.

A total number of Soviet ra'ayoyi kasance game da 470 da dubu. Mutane. A zubar da cikin dakarun sun kasance game da 6 da dubu. Barin da bindigogi, 559 kai-propelled bindigogi da kuma tankuna. Daga cikin tẽku dakaru ayyuka goyon jirgin ruwa na soja 4, line 1 da 2 sintiri jirgin, 6 hallaka, 8 tushe masunta, matsara 80 da kuma 47 daga cikin torpedo jirgin, submarines 29, 34 sulke, 3 gunboats da sauran karin tasoshin.

Active goyon bayan Tarayyar Soviet Army bayar da Crimean guerrillas kungiyoyin wadda aka kafa a farkon shekarar 1944 da total number ne game da 4 da dubu. Mutane. Groups da aka hada a Gabas da Arewa da kuma Kudu fili. Soviet sojojin da wani babba rinjãya a kan abokin sojojin. Soviet sojojin hadewa shugabanni Vasilevsky da Voroshilov.

Matsaloli tare da sharuddan

Liberation na Crimea a shekarar 1944 ya kamata ya fara a watan Fabrairu, yawan 18-19. Shida daga Fabrairu aka gabatar a yaki da shirin. Daga bisani, duk da haka, a farkon na yakin da aka dakatar da sau da yawa. A lokaci guda, da aka fada a bakin tekun Dnieper. Rate umurnin aika Vasilevsky nuni zuwa fara da m har da kwato cikin yankuna zuwa Kherson.

Daga bisani, aka bai wa shi a daban-daban domin. A musamman, Vasilevsky aka umurce ka fara aiki ba daga baya fiye Maris 1, ko da kuwa yadda za a yi a saki da tekun Dnieper. Duk da haka, kai da dakarun ruwaito GHQ cewa, ba da yanayi, da ya yi yãki zai yi jira har tsakiyar watan Maris. Daga wannan lokaci da High umurnin amince. Duk da haka, 16,03 Wasilewski samu sabon umarni, bisa ga abin da aiki da za a fara bayan da kama yanki na Nikolayev da Odessa da gabatarwa. Amma sa'an nan, saboda yanayin yanayi, fadan ya jinkirta har sai Afrilu 8th.

Da tsare-tsaren na Soviet umurnin

Liberation of Crimea a shekarar 1944, ya kamata a gudanar da wani nasara a cikin zurfin 170 km. Kama makiya matsayi da aka shirya domin 10-12 kwanaki. A wannan yanayin, da talakawan kullum kudi na gaba na dakaru da zama 12-15 km, Tank Corps - 30-35 km. The niyyar ya umarce lokaci daya buga arewa - daga Syvash da Perekopa da kuma gabas - by Kerch Larabawa. Ta hanyar da kwato Sevastopol da Simferopol, shirya ya raba kungiyar da kuma kawar da abokan gaba, hana ta janye daga wannan yanki. Babban duka ya kamata ya sa a qafafunku a kudancin Sivash. Idan nasara mataki da babban sojojin suka tafi a kan Perekop uku maƙiyi matsayi. Samun kama Jankoi Soviet sojojin ba da damar ci gaba da Simferopol da Kerch Larabawa a Jamus raya. Secondary hari da aka kamata su Perekop Isthmus. Kafin Independent Coastal Army aiki ya karya da tsaro na invaders zuwa arewa na Kerch. Ta wani bangare ya kai farmaki tare da kudancin bakin tekun wannan yanki. Key guda sojojin da aka yi niyya da kwato Sevastopol da Simferopol.

Crimea kebewa 1944.: Yaƙin

Kwanaki biyar kafin hari buga nauyi manyan bindigogi, da yawa dogon lokacin da shiri na makiya kasance halakakku. basirar aikin soja da aka gudanar 7 ga watan Afrilu da yamma. Ta tabbatar Enron Soviet umurnin bayani game da abokan gaba. Rana ta takwas na Afrilu kaddamar iska da kuma manyan bindigogi shiri. A general, shi ya ɗauki awa 2.5. Liberation na Crimea a shekarar 1944 ya fara tare da tura sojojin na 51st Army a karkashin umurnin Lieutenant-Janar Kreizer. A hari da aka za'ayi daga bridgehead a kudancin Sivash. Kwana biyu na gwabza kazamin fada. A sakamakon haka, Soviet sojojin gudanar ya karya ta cikin German defenses. 51th Army mamaye flank Perekopskaya kungiyoyin. Lokaci guda, da 2nd Guards Division Zakharov shiga Armenian. Afrilu 11 safe, 19th Panzer Corps aka kama Dzhankoy.

A karkashin umurnin a division Vasiliev nasarar kusata zuwa Simferopol. A Jamus, tsere daga yanayi, ƙarfafa bar Perekop Isthmus ya fara ja da baya daga Kerch Larabawa. A cikin dare na kai hari farko 11,04 Raba Maritime Army. By safe da sojojin dauki Kerch - garu tsaron gida naúrar a cikin gabashin ɓangare na Larabawa. A duk wuraren da aka tsananta wa Jamusawa wanda suka tattara zuwa Sevastopol. Tare da gabar yammacin harin samo asali 2nd Guards. Army zuwa Yalta. 51 Army, ta amfani da nasara ayyuka na 19th Corps, ta hanyar da steppe zone zuwa farkon gabatarwa Simferopol. A musamman sojojin sojojin tafiya ta Belogorsk (Karasubazar) da kuma Theodosia Sevastopol. 13 Afrilu Soviet sojojin ya 'yanci Feodosia, Simferopol, Yevpatoriya, da kuma 14-15 lambobin - Yalta, Bakhchisarai, Alushta.

Jamus halin da ake ci gaba da koma baya. Aviation 4 ga watan da 8 ga watan Army bugi iko naushe a Jamus sojojin da kuma sadarwa a nodes. Oktyabrskiy Filipp Sergeevich, umarci Soviet jirãge, ya umarta a nutse jiragen ruwa tare da evacuees invaders.

guerrillas

Crimean karkashin kasa sun nuna kwarai ƙarfin hali da kuma heroism a yaƙi. Kafin partisan raka'a yana da aiki don ya hallakar da nodes, sadarwa Lines, raya maƙiyi dako da tarkace a kan dutsen crossings, lalata reluwe waƙoƙi, rushe tashar jiragen ruwa a Yalta, ba tare da ba da Jamus-Romanian sojojin matsawa zuwa gare shi, kuma su fice. A karkashin kasa kuma ya hana daga halakar maƙiyi kai da kuma masana'antu Enterprises, municipalities.

Hari a kan Sevastopol: shirye-shiryen

Afrilu 15-16, da Soviet Army fara shirye-shirye don wani hari. Babban duka aka zaci daga yankin na Balaclava. A aikace kasance da za a hannu da kuma wani ɓangare na dangane da maki na mutum da kuma hagu flank na 51st Army. Soviet sojojin da karya ta maƙiyi defenses a yankin na Sapun Mountain da kuma a tsawo na arewa maso gabashin Karani. Saboda haka, maƙiyi kungiyar dã an yanke daga bay, located yamma da Sebastopol. Umurnin yi imani da cewa shan kashi na abokan gaba a kan Sapun Hill, duk da dukan matsaloli da cewa tare da kai hari, za a iya yarda su karya da juriya da makiya tsaron gida matsayi. A band 2nd Guards. Army shirya ya sa sakandare hari. Don karkatar da hankalin da invaders, ya aka kamata su 2 kwanaki kafin babban hari. A Soviet umurnin yana sanya sojojin da aiki na keta ta defenses kudu maso gabashin Belbek raka'a na 55th dakaru da kuma 13th Guards Corps. The sojojin ya ci gaba da yaki a cikin gabashin ɓangare na Arewa Bay kuma Mekenzievy duwãtsu tura abokan gaba ra'ayoyi da ruwa, kuma ya halaka shi.

tashin

19 da kuma 23 ga watan Afrilu biyu yunkurin karya ta babban tsaron gida matsayi na Sevastopol yankin da aka aikata. Duk da haka, Soviet sojojin kasa. Umurnin yanke shawarar regroup, shirya sojojin da su jira samu na man fetur da kuma harsasai.

A hari fara ranar May 5th. The sojojin na da 2nd Guards. Sojojin suka tafi a kan m, tilasta makiya don canja wurin kungiyoyin daga sauran kwatance. A 10:30 on May 7, tare da karfi da iska goyon bayan fara da general hari. The sojojin na babban Soviet kungiyoyin sun iya karya, ta hanyar da makiya defenses a kan 9-kilometer mike. A lokacin m yãƙi, sojojin kama Sapun Mountain. May 9 Soviet sojojin karya a cikin Sevastopol daga kudu-maso-gabas, gabas da arewa, yantar da birnin. Sauran sojojin na 17th sojojin abokan gaba, ya bi ta hanyar 19th Corps, suka tattara zuwa Cape Chersonese, wanda aka gaba daya hallaka. Kãmamme ya 21.000 shugabanni da sojoji na abokan gaba. Soviet sojojin kwace kayan aiki da kuma makamai na abokan gaba.

Battle Gamawa

A 1941-1942. abokan gaba ya dauki 250 kwanaki don ku mallake Sevastopol, wanda mutane heroically kare da ganuwar, da Soviet sojojin ya saki dauki kawai 35 days. Riga ta May 15 a hedkwatar fara samun bayanai da aka gudanar a tsarin da kuma soja raka'a farati a kan abokan hamayyarsu fitar daga sashin.

ƙarshe

Liberation na Crimea a shekarar 1944 a yarda da dawowar na Soviet kasar mafi muhimmanci tattalin arziki da kuma dabarun yankin. Waɗannan su ne main manufofin da tashin da aka kai. A karshen yakin Project awards saboda shiga cikin niyya ga fitar da makiya da aka halitta da wannan yanki. Duk da haka, da lambar don Crimea sa'an nan ba a kafa.