"Bone ya tabbata daga wit": tarihi na comedy

Mafi shahara samfurin na A. S. Griboedova ne sanannen comedy "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". History of halittar wannan play musamman wuya. Marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo rubuta shi shekaru da dama. Game da yadda wannan ya faru, shi za a tattauna a wannan labarin.

A bit game da marubucin

Dogon isa ya rubuta cikin play "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". A tarihin na comedy juya fitar haka dogon godiya ga kwarai da aikin A. S. Griboedova. Bayan duk, da wallafe-wallafen aikin ya da nisa daga babban sana'a. Alexander an misali na exceptionally hazaka mutum. Tuni a cikin shekara goma sha ɗaya ya kasance dalibi na Moscow University. A shekaru 13, Griboyedov wani dan takarar philology, amma ba watsi da karatu da kuma sauke karatu daga biyu babbar sashen: kyawawan-siyasa da kuma ta jiki-ilmin lissafi. Griboyedov daidai ƙware goma harsuna. Ya rubuta wakoki da kuma yin shi da kansa daidai a kan piano. Alexander wani aiki jami'in diflomasiyyar, ya zama na farko da Rasha jakadan Iran da kuma mutu kare bukatun da Fatherland.

A perfectionist da yanayi, Griboyedov honed da ya wallafa ayyukansa kammala. Meticulous restyling ya halartar da kuma "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". A tarihin halitta ya shaida wannan. Cikakken lissafi na rubuce-rubuce na littafin za a buga a kasa. Da farko mu dubi wani Synopsis daga cikin shahararrun play.

A mãkirci ayyukansu

Lalle ne, wata Rasha mutum ya sani na zama na comedy "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". Tarihi na mãkirci ayyukansu an san nisa m na mu yan'uwanmu 'yan ƙasa. To, abin da yake ya ce a cikin comedy Griboyedov? Wani saurayi daga daraja asalin (Chatsky) bayan dogon rashin zo a cikin Moscow, don saduwa da ƙaunataccen - Sofia. Duk da haka, ta daukan shi sosai sanyi. Ta ne cikin soyayya da wani mutum - Sakataren Molchalin. Chatsky yayi kokarin warware cikin hanyar rashin tunani Sofia. A search na wani amsar tambayarsa sau da yawa ya ziyarci mahaifinsa ƙaunataccen gida - wani babban jami'in Famusov. A nan, yana fuskantar da wakilan da Moscow aristocratic jama'a, da yawa daga abin da bãyukansu to ra'ayin mazan jiya views. Takaici sanyin cewa Sofia Chatsky farawa furta accusatory monologue. Shi da ke a zahiri duk mahalarta comedy. Da dama ƙasƙantarwa phrases jefa a Molchalin magance Sofia cũta, domin ta yada jita-jita cewa Chatsky daga tunaninsa. Wannan labarai zama jama'a. A ƙarshen comedy Sofia san game da meanness Molchalin da Chatsky - mai cin amana da ta lover. Famusov yana buɗewa ƙashin gaskiya game da 'yarsa dating sakatare. Ya faxa cikin wani damuwa game da jita-jita, da cewa zai iya tafi a cikin birnin. Sofia gudanar da Molchalin. Chatsky matsananciyar barin Moscow. Wannan ne kaidin sanannen play.

zane

Tarihi daga cikin halittar "Bone ya tabbata daga wit" Dates baya ga 1816. A sa'an nan, bisa ga S. N. Begicheva, Griboyedov ya ɓullo da wani m shirin na comedy. Dawo daga tafiya kasashen waje, Alexander ya tafi wani wadanda mutane jam'iyyar da aka yi mamakin yadda baka ga duk kasashen waje a kasar Rasha. Ya nan da nan ya ba da rashin tsoro diatribe fiye da jawo wa kansu da tuhuma da hauka. Don saka kusa aristocratic jama'a, na yanke shawarar rubuta wani comedy Griboyedov. Ya kasance sau da yawa a zamantakewa events, bukukuwa da kuma soirees, inda ya tattara abu don yi masa aiki.

farko edition

Aiki a kan rubutun da comedy yiwuwa ya fara a cikin 1820s. Duk da yake bauta wa a Tiflis, Griboyedov rubuta guda biyu, aiki "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". A tarihin halitta na aikin ya ci gaba a 1823, a Moscow. Marubucin ya hutu, halartar zaman jama'a events da kuma samun sabo kwaikwayo. Wannan ba shi damar ci gaba da wasu daga cikin al'amuran da comedy, kawai kayyade a Georgia. Yana da aka a wannan lokacin da aka halicci wani rashin tsoro monologue Chatsky "Wãne ne alƙalai?". A lokacin rani na 1823 a kan Estate na S. Begichev aka gama hudu da uku abubuwa samfurin. Duk da haka, marubucin bai la'akari da comedy complete.

ci gaba

A karshen 1823 da kuma farkon 1824 ya halartar manyan canji a cikin play "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". A tarihin halitta na aikin ci gaba. Griboyedov ne m, ba kawai rubutu. Kuma canza sunan babban harafin: daga Chadi, ya zama Chatsky. A comedy, mai suna "Bone ya tabbata hankali", samu karshe da sunan da. A lokacin rani na 1824 a St. Petersburg, Griboyedov ya za'ayi wani m restyling farko version na aiki. An jera canza farko yi (Chatsky monologue, tattaunawa da Lisa Sofia mafarki na protagonist), da kuma sanya shi a cikin karshe ɓangare na comedy scene tsakanin Molchalin bayani da Sofia. da karshe version daga cikin play "Bone ya tabbata daga wit" da aka rubuta a cikin kaka na 1824. A tarihin halitta na aiki a kan wannan ya kawo karshen. Duk da haka, wannan bai faru ba.

A bayyanar lists

A comedy nan da nan ya matsaloli tare da ɗaba'ar. Idon ba ya so ya miss scandalous aiki. Tarihi daga cikin halittar "Bone ya tabbata daga wit", amma wajen yada a cikin karanta jama'a, ci gaba. Fatan buga su halittun, Griboyedov karfafa fitowan da hannunka-rubuce version. A mafi iko na su ne ake kira zhandrovsky jerin (mallakar A. Legendre), wanda aka Gyarawa hannun Alexander Sergeyevich. Akwai kuma bulgarinsky - ƙoƙarinsa ya gyara rubutun kwafin daga cikin play, bar marubucin a 1828 VF Bulgarin. The title page na jerin ne rubutu Griboyedov ta "Bone ya tabbata ga na karantar da Bulgarin ..." The marubuci fatan cewa m da kuma enterprising jarida za su iya taimaka a cikin littafin na "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". A tarihin na comedy ci gaba a Pisarsky kofe na aiki. Su wani lokacin canza dangane da fifiko na jama'a.

na farko bazawa

A lokacin rani na 1924 Griboyedov kokarin buga masa comedy. Duk da haka, shi ya kasance ba da sauki don samun izinin buga "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". History of halittar play ci gaba a cikin ofisoshin da yin katsalandan sashen. A Disamba 1924, excerpts daga uku da farko sassa na comedy tukuna gani da haske. Su aka buga, a shafukan na anthology "Rasha Talia." Duk da haka, da rubutu da aka rage muhimmanci da kuma "tausasa" da m. Too m kalamai haruffan maye gurbinsu da "m" da kuma tsaka tsaki. Saboda haka, sanannun magana, "Ya kamata dogara a kan wasu" da aka gyara zuwa "Yana kamata a yi wasu a hankali." Su aka cire daga rubutu nassoshi ayyukan "gwamnatin" da "da monarch ta fuska." Duk da haka, ko da a cikin wannan nau'i na comedy bazawa bombshell. Pushkin tuno cewa play "Bone ya tabbata daga wit" Griboyedov nan da nan sanya daya daga cikin manyan kasida a lokacinsa.

A kara rabo daga cikin samfurin

A lokacin da rayuwar da marubuci, kuma kada a full version daga cikin play aka buga. Tarihi daga cikin halittar "Bone ya tabbata daga wit" ne a kan, amma yin katsalandan hana yaduwar comedy daga cikin masu karatu. Kawai a 1831 an sake ta full version na samfur. Sai aka buga a Jamus a birnin Revel. A 1833 a birnin Moscow tare da m katsalandan takardar kudi comedy aka buga a Rasha. Kawai a cikin 1862, a full version of marubucin ayyukan da aka buga a Rasha. Kimiyya bazawa comedy za'ayi sanannun bincike Piksanov NK a 1913. "Bone ya tabbata daga wit" da aka buga a karo na biyu girma na cikakken ilimi tattara aiki Aleksandra Sergeevicha Griboedova.

Theatrical wasanni

Exceptionally tsoro da kuma Topical juya play "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". A tarihin halitta na aikin da wuya, amma ba kasa ban sha'awa ne makoman wasanni a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Na dogon lokaci da yin katsalandan ba rasa shi. A 1825, an yi ƙoƙari mara nasara don yin wasa a St. Petersburg, a kan mataki na wasan kwaikwayo School da aka Kanmu. A play "Bone ya tabbata daga wit" da aka aiwatar a Erivan a 1827. Its mai son 'yan wasan kwaikwayo yi - da shugabannin Caucasian Corps. A. S. Griboedov ya halarci wasan kwaikwayon. A 1831, tare da da yawa bita da kuma katsalandan takardar kudi comedy aka buga a kan mataki na Moscow da kuma St. Petersburg. Kawai a 1860 samar da "Bone ya tabbata daga wit" da aka za'ayi ba tare da hane-hane.

ƙarshe

Very dogon labarin game da play "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". Tarihi na halitta, a takaice daga cikin samfurin ba zai iya bayar da cikakken hoto na baiwa wannan halittar. Griboyedov Ya halitta fiye da a Theatrical play. Ya halitta a real manifesto, a cikin abin da ya bayyana nasa ra'ayi ba ne kawai zuwa zamantakewa da kuma da'a al'amurran da suka shafi a zamani al'umma, amma kuma game da wawanci da kuma m al'amura, "normality" da hauka. Wanda, idan ba Aleksandru Sergeevichu, to san nawa baƙin ciki zai iya kawo shafi tunanin mutum da magabaci a kan sauran mutane. Ya rubuta wani comedy gaya labarin da Loneliness kuma yanke ƙauna daga wani m mutum, choking daga rashin fahimtar wasu. A wannan yanayi, shi ya ƙunshi mai ban tausayi subtext "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". Tarihi na halitta da kuma a cikin aiki da wannan musamman samfurin ya zama m da kuma nazarin.