A tarihin na Rasha Empire: sarautar Nicholas 1 (1825-1855)

Turai ta fi kyau mutum a cikin kwanakin ransa, wanda ba a manta bayan mutuwa - shi ne Nikolai 1. Years of gwamnati - dubu ɗari takwas da ashirin da biyar ta hanyar ɗari takwas da hamsin da biyar dubu. Ya nan da nan ya zama wata alama a cikin idanu na zamani da takalidai da despotism. Kuma akwai dalilai.

A zamanin mulkin Nicholas 1. A takaice haihuwa na gaba, Sarkin

A zamanin mulkin Nicholas I, bisa ga al'ada gani a matsayin zamanin stagnation, amma a lokaci guda shi ne cika da ciki saba wa juna. Wannan ne heyday na Rasha al'ada, amma, a daya hannun, da m serfdom. M lambobin da amfaninsa dokokin da ba a rufe gaba daya sabani dalĩli. Da saye da kasa da kasa girma na wata babbar da kuma ban tausayi da kuma m shan kashi a Crimean War.

Little Nicholas aka haife ashirin da biyar na Yuni daya dubu da ɗari bakwai da casa'in da shida a shekara, kuma shi ne dan overage magaji zuwa Pavel Petrovich da matarsa Maria. Tsufa Catherine II har yanzu gudanar da su shayar da mama kadan Nikolai, ya jikan. Amma ba ta shirya danganta ta rabo tare da mai kula da harkokin jihar.

Samartaka, da ilimi da kuma fifiko a ilimi

Sa'an nan har yanzu quite matasa prince aka ƙaddara sami horar da sojoji. Nan da nan ya ciyar da su masõya daga cikin Life Guards rajimanti. Kuma bayan wasu lokaci, kuma Izmailovsky wanda uniform ya fara saka. A nan gaba sarki samu wani kyakkyawan ilimi a gida, wanda yana da soja nuna bambanci. Duk da haka ya dauke shi unsatisfactory.

Ya malami, Janar Lamzdorf, ya sosai tsananin mutumin da akai-akai azabtar da kadan m, kuma m Nicholas, wanda shekaru daga baya ya tuna cewa ya kasance ko da yaushe m, kamar yadda gani a cikin samuwar aras tĩlastãwa. Amma da soja domin, horo barikin ko da yaushe ƙaunar da matasa yarima. Yana taba janyo hankalin da al'adu, amma shi ne daidai masani a manyan bindigogi da kuma ƙaunar da aikin injiniya craft.

Happy uba kuma abar soja

A goma sha takwas da ɗari da goma sha bakwai shekara Nicholas ya mijin Princess Charlotte, 'yar Sarkin Prussia. A Orthodoxy, Alexandra. Ta gaske da aka rasa ta nisa mahaifarsa. Domin ka faranta wa mijinta shirya na farko a cikin Rasha jihar a real Kirsimeti itace a cikin ta girmamawa.

Domin shekara talatin da takwas da aure aka haife su da 'ya'ya bakwai. Sarkin sarakuna ya mai farin ciki uba da kuma wani abun lura soja. Amma ya sãɓã, dismissive hali wajen shugabanni da sosai picky hali, don haka shi bai yarda a Guard.

Renunciation na Constantine, ko bayyanannu sha shida Agusta

A lokacin rani na daya dubu da ɗari takwas da goma sha tara Sarkin sarakuna Alexander ya bayyana cewa Constantine ya ki ya ci sarauta, don haka jihar gwamnati za a sāke zuwa gaba ɗan'uwansa, cewa shi ne, Nicholas. Agusta sha shida dubu ɗari takwas da ashirin Uku Shelar aka sanya hannu, wanda ya ayyana magajin sarautar Nicholas.

Amma da hannu daftarin aiki da aka tsananin kiyaye asirin da ba bayyana. A zamanin mulkin Nicholas 1 ya ba tukuna isa, da Iskandari, domin wasu dalilai nasu bai kawo shi zuwa ga kula da harkokin jihar. Ko wadannan ayyuka nuna cewa ya iya har yanzu canza tunaninsa, kuma watakila ma ta damu saboda yiwuwar wasu ƙungiyoyi da cewa za a iya sanya a cikin ni'imar Nicholas. Kamar wancan ne, Alexander, kuma ya ba bayar da shawara da ka iya biyo baya, Jr. sa a cikin wani mizani.

Kwatsam mutuwa da kuma sakamakon na boye manifesto

Lokacin da sarki ya mutu bisa ga abke, Taganrog, mafi batutuwa, ba shakka, yarda da matsayin wani sarki Constantine. Gwamnan-janar na birnin St. Petersburg Count Miloradovich nace a kan dauke da fitar rantsuwar. Nicholas, tsoron zanga-zanga daga Guards jami'an, gaggãwa zuwa dauki rantsuwar farko. Waɗannan su masu gadi, da majalisar dattijai, sojojin da mutane.

Konstantin Pavlovich tabbatar a rubuta ƙi na Board kuma rantse ga Nicholas a Warsaw, amma a St. Petersburg bai kõma ba. Rikice a kan gadon sarautar halitta wani interregnum. Wannan lokacin, domin shirya bore, ya yi amfani da mambobi ne na sirrin jama'a. Haka abin ya fara sarautar Nicholas 1.

A farkon sarautar da kuma jini tarihi tawaye

Goma sha biyu na Disamba daya dubu ɗari takwas da ashirin da biyar Nikolay Pavlovich yanke shawara kuma ya furta da kansa sarki. Ya yi rantsuwa da dukan manyan makarantu da kuma majalisar kasa. Amma da farko rana, wanda ya fara a zamanin mulkin Nicholas 1, alama da tawaye kanta a kan majalisar dattijai Square.

Matasa da sarki ya iya kula da kwanciyar hankali, kuma a lokacin da fuska da fuska tare da 'yan tawayen na Life Grenadiers Laftanar Panov a ƙofofin Winter Palace, da kuma lokacin da ya bukaci, a tsaye a cikin square, da' yan tawayen regiments su yi biyayya. A mafi m kamar yadda ya ce daga baya, shi ne cewa an kashe shi ne a rana guda. Lokacin da lallashewa bai yi aiki, sarki na iyo da manyan bindigogi. A 'yan tawayen suka ci. Decembrists aka daure, da shugabannin rataye. Tun lokacin da na jini events ta sarautar Nicholas 1 fara.

A takaice Summing up wannan fitina, za mu iya cewa da masifu na goma sha huɗu na Disamba bar wani matukar zurfi ra'ayi a cikin zuciyar da sarki, da kin amincewa da duk wani free tunani. Duk da haka, da dama zamantakewa ƙungiyoyi ci gaba da ayyukan da zama, rufe ta sarautar Nicholas 1. The tebur nuna su na asali kwatance.

Kyau da kuma jarumi mutum da wani mai tsanani da ido

Soja sabis na sarki sanya wani kyau stroevika, m kuma meticulous. A zamanin mulkin Nicholas 1, da yawa soja makarantu da aka bude. Sarkin sarakuna ya jarumi. A lokacin, ya kasance ba ji tsoron fita zuwa taron a Haymarket yanki na babban birnin kasar kwalara tarzoma a watan Yuni ta ashirin da biyu da dubu ɗari takwas da talatin-daya.

Kuma shi ya da wani cikakken heroism - je zuwa fushi taron, wanda ma kashe likitoci suka kokarin taimake ta. Amma da sarki ya ba tsoro kadai, ba tare da retinue da kuma tsare shi, don su tafi wadannan mahaukaci mutane. Bugu da ƙari, ya ya iya kwantar da su sauka!

Bayan Bitrus Mai girma ta farko gwamnan-techie wanda gane kuma mai daraja m ilmi da ilimi, shi ne ya zama sarki Nicholas 1. Years of kwamitin da alaka da tushe daga cikin mafi kyau fasaha jami'o'i, wanda ya kwanan wata ya kasance mafi m.

Babban nasarorin da masana'antu a lokacin mulkin

Sarkin sarakuna kasance sunã cẽwa cewa juyin juya halin ko da yake a kan gab da Rasha jihar, amma ba haye shi har a cikin kasa zai zauna a numfashin rai. Duk da haka, shi ya kasance a zamanin mulkin Nicholas 1 a kasar suka fara wani lokaci na kimiyya da fasahar zamani, da ake kira juyin juya halin masana'antu. A duk masana'antu manual aiki ne a hankali maye gurbinsu da wata na'ura.

A cikin ɗari takwas da talatin da huɗu daya dubu da biyar shekaru a cikin ma'aikata a Nizhny Tagil, Rasha ta farko Railway da locomotive Masters Cherepanovs aka gina. A arba'in da uku tsakanin St. Petersburg da kuma Tsarskoye Selo masana aza farko gidan waya line. A Volga iyo babbar steamers. Da ruhu na zamani sau hankali ya fara canza kansa salon. A manyan birane, wannan tsari ya faru a farkon wuri.

A forties karni na sha tara zo na farko jama'a harkokin sufuri, wanda aka sanye take da wani doki-kõma - stagecoaches goma ko goma sha biyu mutane, da kuma omnibuses, wanda sun fi fili. Rasha mazauna fara amfani da m ashana, kuma ya fara shan shayi tare da sukari gwoza, wanda yake a baya kawai mulkin mallaka kaya.

Zo na farko jama'a bankuna da kuma mu'amala ga masana'antu da kuma noma da kayayyakin wholesale. Ko da more majestic da kuma karfi iko ya zama Rasha. A zamanin mulkin Nicholas 1, ta samu mai girma kawo canji.