A Physiology na abinci mai gina jiki. Muhimmai daga Physiology na abinci mai gina jiki

Abinci - daya daga cikin babban aka gyara daga kiwon lafiya, aiki da kuma ingancin rayuwa a general. Amma, don tabbatar da cewa duk wadannan aka gyara an aiwatar, shi wajibi ne dace samar da jiki da wasu abubuwa a dama rabo da kuma girma. Physiology na abinci mai gina jiki da karatunsa da hanyar da abun da ke ciki na mutum rage cin abinci ya kamata: nawa tana bukatar gina jiki, mai, carbohydrates, bitamin da kuma ma'adanai na mafi kyau duka aiki. Har ila yau, wannan reshe na kimiyya mayar da hankali a kan hanyoyin da abinci sau, ta girma, da kuma jiki Properties.

carbohydrates

Physiology na mutum abinci carbohydrates sanya jagorancinsa makamashi metabolism. Godiya a gare su, da mutum sami wani m samar da karfin da makamashi, ciki har da shafi tunanin mutum aiki. Carbohydrates yi da dama da muhimmanci ayyuka:

• roba (ɓangare na nama na daban-daban gabobin).
• kullum (ba ba da damar tara mai hadawan abu da iskar shaka halayen ketones).
• toning (aiki matakai a cikin juyayi tsarin).
• detoxification (janye noxious sunadarai).

A sunadarai tsarin rabo na hydrogen da oxygen atoms kama da ruwa kwayoyin.

The abinci samu iri uku carbohydrates:

• monosaccharide mahadi (wakilta glucose da fructose).
• oligosaccharide fili (wakilta saccharose, lactose da maltose).
• polysaccharide mahadi (wakilta sitaci, glycogen, cellulose, kuma pectin abubuwa).

Sources na carbohydrates - shi ne da farko shuka abinci: 'ya'yan itatuwa, da kayan lambu, hatsi, da dai sauransu ...

fats

Basic Physiology da abinci kiwon lafiya dauke da wani sashe a kan fats kamar game da ainihin aka gyara na abinci, saboda su makamashi darajar sau biyu a matsayin babban fiye da abin da na gina jiki da kuma carbohydrates. Lipids wani bangare ne na cell Tsarin da kuma matakai da hannu a cikin shiri.

Kawai a gaban mai, a rushe, kuma sha na bitamin A, D, kuma E. The sia mahadi na yanzu ilimin aiki abu: tocopherol, lecithin, m acid sterol. Inganta dandano abinci da kuma ƙara da sinadirai masu darajar yiwu tare da Bugu da kari na mai.

Fats a abinci - shi ne, a gaskiya, da muhimmanci mahadi na glycerine da m acid. Recent kasu kashi biyu kungiyoyin: cikakken kuma unsaturated. Physiology ikon mafi girma nazarin halittu muhimmancin kawar da polyunsaturated m acid, equating su zuwa bitamin.

Lipids a dabba abinci suna gabatar a cikakken m acid (naman alade, da naman sa, rago, da dai sauransu ...) A cikin shuka - unsaturated (mai, kwayoyi, tsaba).

sunadaran

Muhimmai daga Physiology na abinci mai gina jiki sunadarai kaddamarda a matsayin dole yanayin rayuwa. An gina duk Kwayoyin kuma tsokoki a cikin jikin mutum. The ayyuka na sunadaran ne bambancin: roba, mai kara kuzari, wanda ya mayar da, m, antitoxic, sufuri da sauransu.

Chemically nitrogenous sunadarai ne hadaddun polymers sunadaran amino acid 25 jinsunan aka gabatar a abinci. Mafi yawan su suna buga ta cikin jiki (m), wasu zo ne kawai da abinci (muhimmanci).

Tsafta da abinci mai gina jiki Physiology la'akari da muhimmancin gina jiki kayayyakin, musamman waɗanda a cikin abin da akwai cikakken sunadarai, tare da daidaita amino acid abun da ke ciki. Dace musamman a cikin wannan girmamawa ne kayayyakin da dabba asalin (nama, qwai, madara). Shuka sunadarai ne sau da yawa gurgunta, a muhimmanci amino acid hadaddun (waken soya, buckwheat, wake, bran, da sauransu. D.).

macronutrients

Abinci Basics Physiology dauke macrocells kamar yadda abubuwa bukata domin al'ada aiki na jiki da hannu a cikin metabolism na daban-daban matakan. Musamman muhimmanci ne kayan for gina ƙasũsuwa bukatar alli da phosphorus.

By macroelements ne:

• alli (madara, cuku, cuku).
• phosphorus (kifi, nama, gurasa, cuku, wake, hatsi);
• magnesium (breads, hatsi, da wake, da kwayoyi).
• sodium (sodium gishiri).
• potassium (dankali, apples, wake, Peas).
• chloro (gurasa, gishiri).
• sulfur (nama, kifi, qwai).

Rashi na macronutrients take kaiwa zuwa cututtuka daban-daban na gabobin da kuma tsarin, da farko rinjayar da ƙasũsuwa da jini.

micronutrients

Trace abubuwa yi wani yawan takamaiman ayyuka, domin ganiya aiki cikin jiki a matsayin dukan kuma da mutum gabobin.

A rukuni na alama abubuwa sun hada da:

• baƙin ƙarfe (dabba hanta, buckwheat).
• tutiya (hanta, wake).
• Aidin (tsiren ruwan teku, kwasfa hanta man fetur, teku kifi);
• fluoro (teku kifi, da ruwa, teas).

Physiology aka mayar da hankali a kan rage cin abinci abinci kungiyar tare da wani isasshen yawan macro- da micronutrients zama dole ya kula da kiwon lafiya.

bitamin

A cikin littafi "Biology. Physiology of Gina Jiki "(Grade 7) bayani a kan bitamin gabatar a dama sassan. Rawar da suka taka a cikin jikin ta da harshen damo ba za a iya overestimated. Wadannan aiki abubuwa ne da ba a enzymes da hormones da hannu a tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, samar da daidaito a cikin jikinsu da kuma tsarin.

Vitamins suna ba samar da jiki, don haka yana da muhimmanci su abin da ake ci ci. Rashi take kaiwa zuwa bayyanar cututtuka, gajiya, rage yadda ya dace da kuma rigakafi.

A daidaita cin abincin nasu kamata dauke da wadannan bitamin:

• A - goyon bayan kiwon lafiya da kuma youthfulness na fata, gani acuity, barã'aa (kafofin: karas, qwai, madara, herring, hanta).
• B ₁ - tsiraru da tabbatar da aiki da tsoka da jijiya zaruruwa, da samar da makamashi (kafofin: shinkafa, nama, wake, kwayoyi).
• B ₂ - activates girma da kuma samar da makamashi metabolism (kafofin: kwai gwaiduwa, kaji, kifi, yisti).
• B ₆ - taimaka metabolize carbohydrates da fats, tana goyon bayan enzymatic halayen (Sources: dankali, kifi, nama, dukan hatsi gurasa, kayan lambu).
• B ₁₂ - ya hana anemia, cuta na juyayi tsarin (kafofin: abincin teku, madara, nama, qwai).
• C - goyon bayan tsarin na rigakafi, da lafiya hakora, fata da kuma kasusuwa (kafofin: lemu, lemons, black currants, ya tashi kwatangwalo, zaki da barkono).
• D - inganta cikin sha na alli, karuwa da hakora da kuma kusoshi (kafofin: m kifi, kiwo kayayyakin).
• E - kare jiki da hadawan abu da iskar shaka a salon salula matakin, na inganta fata farfadowa (kafofin: nama, kayan lambu mai, hatsi).

Physiology na abinci mai gina jiki unshi da ci bitamin a cikin nau'i na musamman tsarin, wanda aka kera da shekaru da kuma salon da mutum.

abinci Tsafta

Bugu da kari ga shan la'akari da microbiological abun da ke ciki na kayayyakin, Physiology abinci - abinci muhalli da kuma kiwon lafiya hali. Usul za a iya wakilta da wadannan sharudda:

1. A rage cin abinci ya zama kamar bambancin.
2. Kowace rana, sau da yawa shi wajibi ne a yi amfani da kayayyakin sanya daga gari, hatsi, ko dankali.
3. Regular jiki aiki ne kyawawa.
4. Ya kamata ci nunannun 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu da kullum.
5. Bukatar wani m rikodin na fats a abinci ne ake so maye na dabba a kan shuka.
6. Iyakance amfani da ladabi sugar.
7. Kada ku zãgi Bugu da kari na gishiri a abinci.

Cooking abinci ya kamata samar da aminci da kuma iyakar adana amfani kaddarorin da samfurin (zai fi dacewa dafa abinci, ciki har da steaming, yin burodi, dafa a obin na lantarki tanda).

Yarda da wadannan sauki dokoki za su inganta ingancin abinci.

abinci

Wani muhimmin tambaya, wanda ke hulda da Physiology na abinci mai gina jiki, - fasahar samar da abinci. A wani manufa masana'antu yanayi dole ne a shirya a irin wannan hanyar da da sinadirai masu darajar da albarkatun kasa da kwasfansu karu. A matuƙar amfani da samfurin za a m ba kawai da abun ciki na gina jiki, amma kuma ta har zuwa abin da za su iya a assimilated ta cikin jiki. Wannan matsala ne da alaka da duka biyu narkewa da tare da da dama sauran physiological tafiyar matakai.

Duk da dukan matsaloli, shi ne tabbatar da cewa high quality-abinci ne narkewar yawa fiye da m kuma Ya sanya daga raw kayan stale. A dadi da kuma appetizing abinci, da mafi amfani da shi zai kasance ga jiki. Wannan al'amari dole ne a yi la'akari da aiwatar da samar da abinci.

dubagari Basics

Da abun ciki na gina jiki, mai, carbohydrates, bitamin da kuma ma'adanai la'akari ilimin, abinci mai gina jiki Physiology. Dubagari ne ma mayar da hankali a kan ci gaban da dokoki na sirri kiwon lafiya a cikin shirye-shiryen da kuma amfani na abinci. Su ka yi gargaɗi da samu daga samfurori da aka jera a cikin wadannan pathogens, triggering ci abinci mai guba da wani yawan cututtuka.

Musamman hankali ne ya biya zuwa yanayin tsafta a abinci shiri kamfanoni Catering. A babban matakin na sirri kiwon lafiya na ma'aikatan rinjayar da al'adu na hulda da abokan ciniki.

Dokokin na mutum dubagari hanyoyin samar da wasu bukatun da hannuwa, baki, overalls, aiki da yanayin da kungiyar, na yau da kullum likita Nazarin da ma'aikata.

Personal kiwon lafiya na kowane mutum a lokacin da cin abinci ya shafi sosai wanka da hannuwa, amma ta kãmã shi, da kuma cikakken jiki tufafi m, da yin amfani da wani mutum sa na jita-jita. A gaban communicable cututtuka kamata iyakance lamba tare da wasu.

Physiology na abinci mai gina jiki a matsayin kimiyya horo

Horo "Physiology of Gina Jiki" sanar a takaicce a makarantun sakandare, tura - a sana'a makarantu. Yana hada da binciken na physiological tsarin, abinci da alaka, muhalli da kuma kiwon lafiya halaye na mutum abinci mai gina jiki, narkewa kayan yau da kullum. A mahimmin juzu'in cikin shakka kishin da binciken da na gina jiki, ka'idodinta jawo sama da rage cin abinci, kiwon lafiya da gyaran mahalli a cikin shirye-shiryen, aiki da kuma ajiya na kayayyakin. Physiology na abinci mai gina jiki da kayan yau da kullum na merchandising - karshe thematic sashe, rufe da tattalin arziki bangaren na matsalar.