A arewacin batu na Eurasia - Cape Chelyuskin

The taimako na Rasha matafiya a cikin tarihi na babban Gwargwadon binciken da aka irin tilasta, domin sararin ƙasar Urals affiliate daular kasance gaskiya "Terra incognita". A cikin sararin arewacin sarari na cikin matsananci Arctic sauyin yanayi ba zai iya zama m ƙauyuka, da kuma arewacin batu na Eurasia da aka samu kawai godiya ga mai girma ƙarfin hali da kuma ji na wajibi na Rasha explorers.

Daga India da Arctic

Eurasia - da babban yankin, wanda mamaye fiye da wata uku na jimlar ƙasar yankin da kuma most a duniya. Ya rayu mafi bil'adama. Amma idan a kudancin nahiyar ayi cunkoson ababen hawa yankunan, da circumpolar Arctic yankin - wata babbar kufai garin kankara jeji.

Lokacin da zafi na kudu Firaministan dukan abubuwa masu rai a cikin dumi tãguwar ruwa na tekun India, kawai a iyakacin duniya bear ji dadi a cikin tãguwar ruwa na teku na wani - Arctic, wanda aka bayar a cikin arewacin batu na Eurasia - Cape Chelyuskin.

Great Arewa Fe

A karshen 1732 a kan himma daga cikin manyan Rasha Explorer Vitus Bering shiri na balaguro da aka kaddamar, daga baya ya karbi sunan Great Arewa. Biyar kungiyoyin na matafiya sun nazarin Rasha coast daga bakin Pechora River zuwa gaba na Japan. Shi ya kasance ba a sani ba tsarawa daga arewacin batu na Eurasia. A shaci na tekun na Arctic Ocean kasance a kan katunan a lokacin m - babban Arctic yankin zauna a blank tabo ga Rasha da kuma duniya labarin kasa.

Daga Lena ga Taimyr

Daya daga cikin mafi wuya yankunan - daga bakin Lena ga Taimyr - samu wani detachment a karkashin umurnin Vasiliya Pronchischeva. Ya amsa a kusan yashe wurare, inda akwai wani taro na 'yan asalin mutane. Babban balaguro jirgin - sailing da kuma kwale-kwale dubel (watau sau biyu, kamar yadda abin da aka sanye take warships, tsawon - .. 20 m) "Yakutsk" - An kakkarya kankara, baya mutu Pronchishchev leftana da matarsa. The balaguro ci gaba a Ƙungiyoyi uku, su matsa a kan sandararriyar ƙasa. Ƙungiyarku biyu nasarar sadu da kalubale daga cikin binciken da zanen taswira na arewacin jihar bakin teku yankunan.

Daya detachment aka umarce Chariton Laptev, wasu sun isa arewacin batu na Eurasia - da navigator dubel-jirgin ruwan "Yakutsk" maniyyi Ivanovich Chelyuskin. Sunan mahaifi na farko kwamandan da dan uwansa ya zauna a cikin circumpolar sunan na Laptev Sea, da sunan Chelyuskin ya gaske wani labari.

Gabas ta Arewa Cape

Tare da karni na sha takwas a yanzu daga manyan tekuna na Tula gaba sojan ruwa jami'in haife, sunansa shi ne mafi muni, wãtau arewacin batu na Eurasia, bude su, shekara arba'in baya. Wadannan karatu, tare a Moscow makaranta na ilmin lissafi da kuma kewayawa, bude a umurnin na kafa na Rasha jiragen ruwa - Bitrus I, da kuma sabis a cikin Baltic Sea tare da daraja na mataimakin Navigator.

By domin na rashin lafiya V. V. Pronchischeva, ya yi umurni da "Yakutsk" da kuma cire shi daga dannawa kankara a bakin Siberian koguna. A cikin binciken, da gabar yammacin Taimyr, wanda aka gudanar detachment karkashin jagorancin Chelyuskin wani mini ne unprecedented daidaici nuna ta bakinta, kuma May 7, 1742 da suka isa low dutse promontory, wanda ya kafa hasumiya mai fitila kawo tare da shi daga rajistan ayyukan da duwatsu tattara.

Beyond wannan wuri ba wanda ya zo. Lasafta latitud da longitude -77 ° 43'00 "tare. w. 104 ° 18'00 "a. d. Cheliuskin hankali da ya kawo a cikin diary, ta kwatanta Northern Cape Eastern. Waɗannan su da lura na arewacin batu na Eurasia. Amma da ya bayyana da yawa daga baya, lokacin da sakamakon balaguro aka sarrafa a cikin Rasha Kasa Society.

Man da kuma jirgin ruwan

Next balaguro isa arewacin tip na Taimyr bayan kawai shẽkara ɗari. A girmama na centenary feat na Great Siberian balaguro na Gabas-ta Arewa Cape - arewacin batu na Eurasia - shi aka sake masa suna da Cape Chelyuskin.

Sunan almara navigator samu a 1932 combi steamer, musamman gina domin kewayawa a kankara a shipyards na Denmark. "Chelyuskin" ya dauki daga bakin Lena River Vladivostok, t. Don. A Soviet shugabanci ba musamman da hankali ga ci gaban da Far Arewa da kuma Far East.

Chelyuskinskaya saga

Iyo, ya zuwa fara Arctic kewayawa, shi ya fara Agusta 2, 1933, da kuma Satumba 1 steamer Chelyuskin isa Cape - arewacin batu na Eurasia. By lokacin da aka kafa ta iyakacin duniya tashar tare da wani Observatory, wanda aka kai da almara ID Papanin.

Bugu da ari, ban mamaki events sun sanya sunan jirgin cikin natsuwa, kuma da shi da sunan wani iyakacin duniya co-direba, duniya shahara. A Chukchi Sea, jirgin da aka katange da kankara da kuma fara shiga wani hali da Bering mashigar. 13 Fabrairu 1934 shekara, "Chelyuskin" fada cikin garin kankara abyss, iya yin tsayayya da matsa lamba na talakawa na kankara. Maza da kuma kayan aiki da aka unloaded a gabãnin a kan kankara floe, ya fara wani aiki cece su.

Cape ne a kan iyakacin duniya ƙarshen Taimyr. Shi ne da northernmost batu na Eurasia, located a kan ƙasa na Rasha, don haka na iyakacin duniya tashar, located a Cape Chelyuskin, ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gudanar da sadarwa a tsakanin jam'iyyun da aiki. Domin watanni biyu, duk mutane - 104 mutane - kasance a kan jirgin sama cire daga kankara shakatawa. Tsarki ya tabbata ga jaruntakar iyakacin duniya explorers, kuma matukan jirgin, ya ba dama, da matukan jirgi kasance na farko da Heroes na Tarayyar Soviet, da sunan Chelyuskinites san dukan ƙasar - daga kananan zuwa manyan.

Arctic a yau

Yau Rasha ya sanar da muhimmancin biyan bukatunsu a cikin Arctic zone. Legislate yankin dũkiyarku a cikin Arctic, da su zuba jari a gudanar da bincike da kuma ma'aunan kasa safiyo. A arewacin batu na Eurasia kuma sami ta wurin a cikin wadannan shirye-shirye. Research Station at Cape Chelyuskin a kwatanta da Soviet lokaci ya zama kasa, amma ta ci gaba da aiki, wanda ke nufin cewa majagaba na Arctic hadayu ba a banza.