Unitary jihar

A tsari na gwamnati - shi ne shi da tsarin kasa da kasa da cikakken yankin-administrative fasali cewa faye hali da dangantakar dake tsakanin bijiro da batun kafa sassa na kasar da kuma ta} ananan hukumomi. Yana ma'anar da ciki tsarin na jihar, da shari'a da matsayi na da aka gyara, da dangantakar dake tsakanin tsakiya da hukumomin gari.

Ware tarayya, tarayya da wani unitary nau'i na gwamnati.

A farko dogara ne a kan siyasa tsarin wanda da wasu fanni na jihar mulkin kai. Rasha, Mexico - tarayya jihohi. Mafi sau da yawa, kasashen da wannan nau'i na gosustroystva da babban yankin da kuma yawan jama'a.

Na biyu nau'i ne a ƙungiyar na jihohi ba tare da wani siyasa karkashin shugabancin tsakiya. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, babu wani tsari guda kundin tsarin mulkin kasar, babu wani janar gwamnati da kuma hukumomi. Kafa tarayya a cikin siyasa, tattalin arziki, ko kuma soja dalilai. Zakarun Nahiyoyi, misali, suna Switzerland, Bosnia da Herzegovina.

A unitary jihar - wani nau'i gosustroystva, wanda aka halin da rabo daga cikin kasar cikin administrative-yankin raka'a cewa ba su da ãyõyin jihar mulki, wanda suke ƙarƙashin tsakiyar iko. Wadannan jihohi sun hada da: .. Italiya, Faransa, Belarus, da dai sauransu Modern bourgeois kasashen ga mafi part da daidai da wannan tsari. Bugu da kari, shi ne muhimmi a cikin wasu daga cikin batutuwa na wani tarayya jihar (misali, da Jamhuriyar, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare na Rasha Federation).

A unitary Jihar tana da yawan siffofin:

• guda kundin tsarin mulkin kasar.
• bijiro da batun kafa sassan jihar (County, yankin, sashen) ba su da gossuverenitetom.
• daya bijiro da batun kafa mulki;
• kowa dokar tsarin .
• hadade monetary tsarin, bashi da haraji siyasa.
• daya kabila.
• hadade m jikin jihar ikon da sojoji.
• external dangantaka da jama'a za'ayi da tsakiyar hukuma.
• ga kananan al'ummai su zama doka da kuma na kasa cin gashin.

rarrabuwa

A unitary jihar iya zama Karkasa ko rarraba. A farkon yanayin, da tsakiyar jikin jihar ikon Gudanarwa-yankin raka'a jami'an nada sarrafa (misali Turkmenistan), yayin da na biyu - zabe ta gida (Mulki na Spain). Mafi na kowa gwada da rarraba jihar, a cikin abin da ayyuka da kuma hukumar zabe ta 'yan kasa da kuma nada jami'ai (Turkish Jamhuriyar).

A unitary jihar ne mai sauki, wanda aka halin kawai administrative-yankin division (Belarus, Poland, da dai sauransu ...), da kuma rikitarwa - a lokacin da siyasa mulkin kai da kuma wani bangare ne na ta mazauna (France, Italy, UK).

A iyawa daga cikin m abokai yake kunshe a cikin tsarin mulki ko musamman doka. Sun kasu kashi: kamfanoni, na sirri da kuma yankin. Wasu cin gashin tasowa daga harshen al'umma, na biyu - da fragmented kabilu, da sauransu - a wani m da su sake ma su matsugunni. Mulkin kai cikin sharuddan da iko ya kasu kashi administrative da kuma siyasa. A karshe, akwai alamun da statehood.

A unitary jihar iya zama daya daga cin gashin (misali, Ukraine, wanda shi ne wani m Jamhuriyar Crimea), da yawa (Spain) da kuma tare da bangarori daban-daban (China m gundumomi, kananan hukumomi da yankuna kunshe a gare shi).

A karkashin wani tsari na gwamnatin sa baki aka jiyar a yayin da hukumomi cin gashin ba gamsu tsarin mulki. Akwai kasashen da suke da su haifar da m abokai haramta (misali, Bulgaria).