Vibrio cholerae. A hatsari cutar kwalara

Vibrio cholerae - da kwayoyin da zai haddasa wani mutum mai tsanani hanji kamuwa da cuta. Hankula ga kwalara ne da shan kashi na kananan hanji, tare da ci gaban m maye kananan dakunan shan magani, na ruwa zawo, profuse amai da sosai m asarar jiki ruwaye. kwalara iya rayuwa a cikin yanayi na dogon lokaci, amma lalle shi haƙĩƙa bukatar wani mutum (vibrionositel) domin su ci gaba da kuma haifuwa. Irin wadannan mutane ba zai iya samun wata 'yar alamar bayyanar cututtuka, ci gaba da sakewa a cikin yanayi mafi kuma mafi kwalara.

Vibrio cholerae yana daukar kwayar cutar daga mutum da fecal-baka hanya. Watau, tumbi gurbata da kwayoyin saki a cikin yanayi (gona, ruwa), wanda aka ɗauke da kwari, yawanci tashi a kan abinci da kuma yau da kullum iyali abubuwa.

A fasalin da ciwon kwalara ne cewa shi yawanci kawai ya shafi a cikin nau'i na annoba. Babban endemic foci aka dauke su Afirka, Latin America, ta Kudu-East Asia. Kwalara da aka jera a matsayin rigakafi cututtuka.

Don kwanan wata, akwai fiye da ɗari da arba'in kungiyoyin na Vibrio cholerae. Causative jamiái na kwalara ne wakilan serogroup O1 - Vibrio cholerae O1. A cewar ta halaye Vibrio cholerae ne a takaice mai lankwasa sanda, tare da flagellum. Wannan gram-korau aerobic kwayoyin cuta girma a kan alkaline gina jiki kafofin watsa labarai a wani yanayi zazzabi na 10-40 digiri Celsius. Daya daga cutar kwalara - Vibrio cholerae El Tor ne m hemolyze tumaki erythrocytes.

Ana zargin cutar kwalara

Babu shakka duk hanyoyin da cutar kwalara yana daukar kwayar cutar, koma zuwa fecal-baka inji na watsa. The rashin lafiya mutum ko vibriocarrier sake a cikin muhalli kwalara. Daga can Vibrio mafi sau da yawa ya shiga cikin ruwa, ta hanyar da sauran mutane ma kamu da cutar kwalara. Bugu da kari, da m cin abinci da cutar a lokacin da shiri, rarraba, wanka ko ajiya.

A musamman rawa a cikin yaduwar cutar kwalara wasa bad yanayin tsafta, high yawan yawa, a manyan kwarara daga yawon ci-rani daga wadan yankunan. Bayan da cuta a cikin 4-5% na lokuta mutane zama na kullum dako na vibrio, wanda aka located a cikin gallbladder. Musamman halayyar ne m ga tsofaffi. A wasu lokuta, cizon samar da karfi rigakafi ga serotype da cewa cutar mutane.

shiryawa zamani

A tsawon lokaci da shiryawa da Vibrio cholerae dabam daga kamar wata hours zuwa 'yan kwanaki (har zuwa biyar), amma kullum ne game da 24-48 hours. A tsanani daga cuta ne mutum domin kowane mutum. Alamun cutar za a iya duka biyu sharewa kuma furta (a irin haka ne, mutuwa ta auku a cikin ta farko ko na biyu ranar da kaifi dehydration).

cututtuka

Kwalara daban-daban yawan halayyar bayyanar cututtuka ciki har da: m farko, profuse na ruwa zawo ga dama, kwanaki, da kujera yana da wani pasty ko ruwa daidaito haske launin toka launi, odorless. Amai: karo na farko kwanan ci abinci, da kuma daga baya ya zama wani ruwa, kama shinkafa ruwa. Da yawan zafin jiki ba ya karu, a cikin mai tsanani lokuta, akwai wani karu har zuwa 35-35.5 digiri Celsius. A haƙuri yana da dukan mu'ujizan da dehydration. Fitsari fitarwa saukad da sharply, bayan da canji na cikakken rashi na urination.

magani

Jiyya kwalara gudanar da rike da ake zagawa da jini girma da kuma nama dawo da electrolyte abun da ke ciki. Domin wadannan dalilai, m cin zali far da igiyar jini Saline bayani sa'an nan daidaitawa da ruwa-eletrolitnogo musayar.