The Black Littafi dabbobi. The Black Littafi na Rasha: dabbobi

Dukanmu mun san game da wanzuwar Red Littãfi. Yana shigar da rare da kuma mummunan ha] ari jinsunan Flora da fauna. Duk da haka, 'yan mutane san cewa akwai wani Black Littafi dabbobi da shuke-shuke. Ya ƙunshi jerin dadaddun da kuma har abada bitattu.

gabatarwar

A ra'ayin na samar da Red Littafi na shuke-shuke da dabbobi ta fito a tsakiyar karni na karshe. Kuma riga na farko kwafin littafin da aka buga a 1966, ya hada da wani bayanin fiye da ɗaya da ɗari jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa, 200 jinsunan tsuntsaye da kuma fiye da 25 dubu shuke-shuke. Saboda haka, masana kimiyya sun yi kokarin zana jama'a da hankali ga matsalar da bacewar wasu jinsunan Flora da fauna daga wannan duniya tamu. Duk da haka, irin wannan mataki ba musamman taimaka a magance wannan batu. Saboda haka, a kowace shekara da Red Littafi haƙuri a bayansa da tare da sabon sunayen nau'in. 'Yan mutane san cewa akwai baki shafukan da Red Littãfi. Dabbobi, da kuma shuke-shuke da aka jera a kan su ne irretrievably bitattu. Abin baƙin ciki, a mafi yawan lokuta shi ne sakamakon m da dabbanci mutum hali zuwa yanayi na duniya tamu. The Red da kuma The Black Littafi dabbobi ne a yau shi ne ba sosai alama kamar wani kuka na neman taimako ga dukan mutane na duniya saboda da bukatar dakatar da amfani albarkatun kawai ga nasu dalilai. Bugu da kari, su kawo bayani game da muhimmancin a kusa dangantaka da yanayi da muke da wani kyakkyawan duniya sanaki wata babbar lamba na ban mamaki da kuma na musamman tãlikai. Black dabbobi littafin yau maida hankali ne akan lokaci daga 1500 zuwa yau. Leafing ta hanyar shafukan ta wannan ɗaba'ar, za mu iya gano tare da tsoro da cewa a lokacin wannan lokacin ya zama dadaddun game da dubu jinsunan dabbobi, ba a ma maganar da shuke-shuke. Abin takaici, mafi yawan su ya zama kai tsaye ko kaikaitacce wadanda ke fama da mutum.

The Black Littafi na Animals: A jerin

Tun da murfin duk gaba daya bace daga wannan duniya tamu ta nau'in a cikin wani guda labarin zai zama quite wuya, shi wajibi ne mu haskaka wasu daga cikinsu. Mun bayar da shawarar a yi la'akari da dadaddun fauna zaune a yankin ƙasar Rasha da kuma kasashen waje.

The Black Littafi na Rasha

Animals a cikin kasar a yau gabatar fiye da 1,500 iri. Duk da haka, jinsunan bambancin, duka biyu a Rasha da kuma kasashen waje ne hanzari ragewa. Wannan ne yafi lalacewa ta hanyar mutum. A musamman manyan yawan jinsuna sun zama dadaddun a karshe ƙarni biyu. Saboda haka, muna da Black Littafi na Rasha. Animals aka jera a kan ta shafukan, irretrievably bitattu. Yau, da yawa mambobi ne na kasa fauna za a iya ganin kõme fãce a cikin hotuna a kundin sani ko, a mafi kyau, a cikin nau'i na cushe dabbobi a gidajen tarihi. Mun bayar da saduwa da wasu daga cikinsu.

Spectacled dimilmilo

Wannan jinsunan da aka gano a 1741 a lokacin wani balaguro zuwa Kamchatka Vitus Bering. Sunansa a cikin girmamawa ga dimilmilo halittu Steller sunan, wanda da farko ya bayyana shi. Wakilai daga irin wannan kasance manyan kuma quite jinkirin. Suka zauna a manyan mazauna, kuma daga hatsarin iya tserewa kawai da ruwa. Mutane ne sosai sauri don gamsuwa da gaskiya, ku ɗanɗani nama Steller ta dimilmilo. Kuma godiya ga sauƙi na farauta tsuntsaye ta fara uncontrolled wargajewa. A sakamakon haka, na karshe Steller cormorants kashe a 1852. Shi ke kawai kasance a shekara ɗari tun da bude daga cikin siffar ...

Steller ta teku saniya

The Black Littafi na dadaddun dabbobi ma ya bayyana wani irin, bude a lokacin balaguro na Vitus Bering a 1741. Cikin jirgin, da ake kira "Saint Peter" da aka farfashe a kusa da bakin tekun na tsibirin, daga baya mai suna girmama na discoverer. A tawagar da aka tilasta zauna a nan domin hunturu da kuma ci nama m dabbobi kira shanu saboda gaskiyar cewa su ne kawai ci tsiren ruwan teku. Wadannan halittu suke da babbar kuma jinkirin. Su nauyi ne sau da yawa har zuwa goma tons. Nama manatees ya sosai da dadi kuma da lafiya. Hunt ne a kan wadannan m Refayawa ba wuya, tun da dabbobi calmly ci algae kusa ga tudu, ba su kasance sunã iya tserewa daga hatsari a baya da kuma ba ji tsoron mutum. A sakamakon haka, bayan kammala Bering da balaguro zuwa tsibirin na riba m dayansu wargaza ga daukacin jama'ar na teku shanu ga wasu uku da suka gabata.

Caucasian wisent

The Black Littafi dabbobi hada da} awata halittarsa, kamar yadda Caucasian bison. Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa da zarar zaune a sararin ƙasa daga Caucasus Mountains zuwa Arewa na Iran. A farko ambaci wannan irin kwanan baya zuwa XVII karni. Duk da haka, da dama daga cikin Caucasian bison fara fada sosai hanzari saboda da uncontrolled halakar da mutum, kazalika da rage dabbõbin yankunan. Saboda haka, idan a cikin tsakiyar karni XIX a kan ƙasa na Rasha ya rayu game da dubu biyu da wakilan wannan irin, bayan yakin duniya na farko, sun kasance ba fiye da ɗari biyar. A lokacin yakin basasa, da yawan ba dama lalata Caucasian bison don samar da nama da fãtun jikinsu. A sakamakon haka, a 1920 da yawan jama'a na wadannan dabbobi riga ya ba fiye da dari mutane. Gwamnatin gaggawa ajiye da aka kafa, tsara don kare da irin wannan bacewar. Amma har lokacin da halittarsa a 1924, ya rayu ne kawai 15 Caucasian bison. Duk da haka, jihar tsaro bai iya kare su daga bindigogi na mafarauta. A sakamakon haka, na karshe uku wakilin irin wannan sun kashe makiyaya a 1926 a kan Dutsen Alous.

Caspian tiger

Wargajewa ta hanyar mutane da ba kawai barrantacce da m dabba. The black littafin, akwai da dama daga kyawawan da kuma kawo hadari da yara, da suka hada da Transcaucasian (ko Turan) damisar. The yawan wannan nau'in na dabbobi masu shayarwa da aka hallaka a shekara ta 1957. Caspian Tiger ya fairly manyan (har zuwa 240 kilo), kuma shi ne da kyau sosai predator tare da dogon Jawo mai haske ja launi. Wakilai daga irin wannan zama a kan ƙasa na zamani jihohi, irin su Iran, Pakistan, Armenia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan (kudancin), da kuma Turkey. A cewar masana harkokin kimiyya, Caspian Tiger ne kusa dangi na Amur. The bacewar wadannan m dabbobi a Asiya ta tsakiya da ake dangantawa da farko tare da isowa a kan ƙasa na Rasha baƙi. Sun dauke ma m predator da wani farauta domin shi. Saboda haka, ko da na yau da kullum sojojin sojojin da aka yi amfani da su kashe damisa. Shi ne kuma wani muhimmin rawa a cikin aiwatar da nau'i nau'i na wannan nau'in taka leda fadada ayyukan mutane a cikin mazauninsu na wadannan dabbobi. Last zavkazskogo Tiger gani a shekarar 1957 a kan ƙasa na Tarayyar Soviet a Turkmenistan kusa da kan iyaka da Iran.

Dadaddun fauna da suka rayu a waje da yankin Rasha da Tarayyar Soviet

Yanzu muna bayar don gano abin da bayanai ƙunshi baki littafin na duniya. Animals aka jera a kan ta shafukan sun bace daga surface na duniya ne ma fi mayar saboda ayyukan mutane.

Rodriguez aku

A farko bayanin wannan nau'in nema a mayar da 1708 shekara. Rodriguez ya rayu aku a kan Mascarene Islands, located 650 kilomita gabashin Madagascar. A tsawon na kaji jiki ya game rabin mita. Wannan aku yana mai haske kore da kuma orange launin gashi da cewa shi da hasãra. Don samun kyakkyawan gashinsa, mutane sun zama uncontrolled farauta na tsuntsaye da wannan nau'in. A sakamakon haka, ta ƙarshen XVIII karni Rodriguez aku aka gaba daya hallaka.

Figi Wolf

The yawan wasu wakilan fauna ki hankali, a hankali da yawa dubun ko ma daruruwan shekaru. Amma wasu daga cikin dabbobi da aka jera a cikin Black Littafi, underwent a gaske azumi da kuma m tashin hankali. Wakilai daga wadannan iri hatsarori za a iya dangana Figi Wolf (ko Falkland kerkẽci). All bayani a kan wannan tsari dogara ne a kan kawai karamin gidan kayan gargajiya farfado da bayanin kula daga matafiya. Wadannan dabbobi zauna a cikin ƙasa na Falkland Islands. Height a bushe daga wadannan dabbobi ya sittin santimita, suna da wani kyau sosai ja-kasa-kasa Jawo. Figi Wolf ya iya haushi kamar kare, kuma ku ciyar, yafi a kan tsuntsaye, grubs da mũshe jefa zuwa tsibirin da teku. A 1860, da Figi aka kãma ta Scots, wanda aka sosai janyo hankalin zuwa Jawo na gida chanterelles. Su sauri fara gilla halakar: harba, guba da guba, makara gas a burrows. Tare da duk abin da Figi Wolf ya sosai tawakkali da kuma sada zumunci, da sauki tafi a kan lamba tare da wani mutum da zai iya zama m dabbobi. Amma na karshe Falklands kerkẽci kashe a 1876. Saboda haka, a cikin adalci shekaru 16, mutumin da aka hallaka a irin na musamman dabbobi masu shayarwa. Duk da cewa ya kasance daga cikin manyan zarar jama'ar na Falkland Foxes - goma sha ɗaya ne gidan kayan gargajiya farfado a London, Stockholm, Brussels da Leiden.

Dodo

Animals daga Black Littafi yana a cikin sahu, kuma na almara tsuntsu da Dodo tare da wani zato sunan. Mutane da yawa daga cikin saba bayanin Lewis Carroll ta "Alice a Wonderland", inda aka ambaci karkashin sunan Dodo. Dodo kasance quite manyan tãlikai. A tsawo sun isa daya mita, kuma da nauyi ya tsakanin 10 da 15 kilo. Wadannan tsuntsaye ba su iya tashi da koma na musamman a ƙasa, kamar yadda, misali, Jiminai. Dodo yana da dogon karfi da kuma iko pointy baki wanda tsawon iya isa 23 santimita. Saboda bukatar ya motsa kawai a kan surface na duniya kafafu waɗannan tsuntsaye ne tsawo da karfi, yayin da fuka-fuki - sosai kananan. Sanaki wadannan ban mamaki dabbobi a tsibirin Mauritius. Domin da farko lokacin da Dodo aka bayyana a cikin 1598 ya isa a tsibirin da Dutch navigators. Tun bayyanar mutumin a yankin na da mazauninsu, wadannan tsuntsaye sun zama m ya shafa, da kuma yadda mutane rated da dandano na samar da nama, kuma su dabbobi. A sakamakon da Dodo dangantakar aka gaba daya hallaka. A karshe wakilin irin wannan da aka gani a Mauritius, a 1662. Saboda haka, a cikin kasa da wata karni bayan da aka gano da Turawa na Dodo. Sha'awa, da mutane suka fahimci cewa wannan nau'in ba wanzu, kawai rabin karni bayan bacewar daga fuskar duniya. Halakar da Dodo ya zama, watakila, da farko m a tarihi lokacin da bil'adama zuwa yin tunãni a kan gaskiyar cewa mutane na iya zama sanadin nau'i nau'i na jinsin.

Thylacine tilatsin

The Black Littafi dabbobi da ya hada da wani musamman halitta, a matsayin Tasmanian kerkẽci. Ya rayu a New Zealand da kuma Tasmania. Wannan nau'in shi ne kawai memba na iyali. Saboda haka, tare da bacewar, za mu taba iya kaina take a look at cikin marsupial kerkẽci. Domin da farko lokacin da wannan nau'in aka bayyana ta Burtaniya masu bincike a 1808. A zamanin da, wadannan dabbobi zauna a cikin sararin yankuna na Australia. Daga bisani, duk da haka, da suka da aka fitar da su daga halitta mazauninsu dingoes. Su yawan ya zauna kawai a wuraren dingoes aka iske ba. A farkon karni XIX marsupial kerkẽci jira wani matsala. Wakilai daga irin wannan sun zama darasi hallaka, kamar yadda aka yi zato cewa aka cũtar da su manoma da hannu a cikin kiwo na tumaki da kaji. Saboda da uncontrolled halakar da marsupial Wolves ta 1863 da yawan jama'a ya rage muhimmanci.

Mun sadu da dabbobi na Black Littafi kawai a m dutsen yankunan. Zai yiwu irin wannan zai yi tsira idan ta faru ba a farkon XX karni, da annoba daga wani rashin lafiya, shi ne iya, canine distemper, aka kawo su nan da dabbobi suka rasa muhallinsu. Abin baƙin ciki, marsupial kerkẽci ya juya ga zama mai saukin kamuwa da cutar, sakamakon live akwai kawai ta rage wani kankanin na sararin jama'ar na tsohon. A 1928, wakilan wannan irin sake babu sa'a. Kodayake doka da aka wuce Tasmanian Fauna, marsupial kerkẽci a cikin jerin yaba gwamnati ba a hada. A karshe daji wakilin jinsunan da aka kashe a 1936. Kuma shida shekaru daga baya, da ya mutu ta tsufa da kuma na karshe Tasmanian kerkẽci, dauke a mai zaman kansa zoo. Duk da haka, duk da cewa irin wannan ya hada da wani baki littafin na dabbobi, akwai kawayeniya bege cewa wani wuri high a duwãtsu a cikin impenetrable Jungle da dama marsupial kerkẽci har yanzu gudanar don tsira, da kuma jima ko ba dade su iya samun don kokarin maido da yawan wadannan musamman dabbobi masu shayarwa.

Quagga

Wadannan dabbobi ne mai subspecies na zebra, amma markedly daban-daban daga takwarorinsu saboda da musamman launi. Saboda haka, gaba, na daga cikin dabba da aka sofane kamar zebras, da kuma mayar da - monophonic. A yanayi, da suka hadu a Afirka ta Kudu. Sha'awa, da Quagga ne kawai jinsunan dadaddun nau'in zuwa kwanan cewa an hõre ta mutum. Farmers quite da sauri kiyasta cikin kudi na dauki na zebras. Saboda haka, waje kiwo kusa da wani garke na awaki, ko na tumaki, su ne na farko da ya lura da wani hadari, kuma ya yi gargadin da sauran ya hoofed 'yan'uwa.

A sakamakon haka, wani lokacin suna mai daraja fiye da makiyayi, ko matsara karnuka. Me ya sa mutane da lalata wadannan m dabbobi, shi ne har yanzu ba gaba daya gane da masana kimiyya. Duk abin da ya, na karshe Quagga da aka kashe a 1878.

fasinja tattabara

Har XIX karni, da wakilan da irin wannan ne daga cikin mafi kowa tsuntsaye a ƙasa. The darajar da wata alƙarya kiyasta a 3-5 biliyan mutane. Sun kasance kananan da kuma sosai cute tsuntsaye da brownish-m plumage. Zauna fasinja tattabara, a Arewacin Amirka da kuma Canada. Yawan wadannan tsuntsaye aka hankali rage a lokacin daga 1800 zuwa 1870. Kuma a sa'an nan da karfe irin halaka catastrophic rabbai. Wasu mutane sun gaskata cewa waɗannan tsuntsaye ne detrimental ga manoma. Wasu kashe yawo tattabarai zalla for fun. Wasu daga cikin "dayansu" da aka za'ayi ko da gasar, a lokacin da shi ya zama dole a matsayin kyakkyawan kashe matsakaicin yawan tsuntsaye na iya zama. A sakamakon haka, na karshe fasinja tattabara aka hange a cikin daji a 1900. A tafin kafa tsira daga wani wakilin da irin mai suna a cikin Maris mutu daga tsufa a watan Satumba shekara ta 1914 a cikin zoo American birnin Cincinnati.

Saboda haka, a yau mun koyi cewa wani baki littafin. Game da dabbobi da aka jera a shafukan da, za mu iya kawai nadãmã. Duk da haka, za mu iya yi duk mai yiwuwa don dakatar da wargajewa na yanzu data kasance jinsunan. Bayan duk, mutumin shi ne sarki na yanayi, muna alhakin mu 'yan'uwa.